Daim Ntawv Thov ntawm Cov Xov Paj Basalt Ultra-Fine Layered thiab Lawv Cov Ntaub hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb Lunar

2025-11-03

Daim ntawv tshawb fawb hu ua "Hierarchical basalt metayarn for ergonomic protective space textiles" tau luam tawm hauv phau ntawv xov xwm Matter los ntawm pab pawg ntawm Xibfwb Xia Zhigang thiab Tus Kws Tshawb Fawb Xu Weilin los ntawm National Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing ntawm Wuhan Textile University, ua ke nrog Xibfwb Tao Guangming. Pab pawg tshawb fawb no rau cov ntaub ntawv textile tshiab thiab kev ua tiav siab heev tau hais txog kev siv tshuab core-spun spinning "coaxial spiral wrap spinning," uas daws cov teeb meem ntawm kev sib hloov tsis ua puas tsuaj, qis-torque, zoo, thiab loj-scale spinning, weaving, thiab kev siv basalt fiber ntawm qhov ultrafine scale. Qhov no qhib txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev ua cov ntaub ntawv loj, zoo rau daim tawv nqaij, thiab yooj ywm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv inorganic fiber uas muaj zog thiab brittleness siab, uas tso cai rau kev tsim khoom loj kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ceev ceev rau cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv kev ua tau zoo kom tiv taus cov chaw nyuaj thiab hnyav hauv... Kev tsav dav hlau teb. Tus sau thawj zaug ntawm daim ntawv yog Xibfwb Xia Zhigang, thiab cov kws sau ntawv sib xws yog Kws Kawm Xu Weilin thiab Xibfwb Tao Guangming. Daim ntawv tau raug xaiv los ua tsab xov xwm npog phau ntawv xov xwm.

Kev siv cov txheej txheem hierarchical basalt ultrafine xov paj thiab nws cov ntaub hauv kev tshawb nrhiav lub hli yog qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb rau kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm tib neeg yav tom ntej. Cov xov basalt ultrafine no muaj kev ywj pheej, lub zog siab, thiab kev ruaj khov zoo heev, thiab tuaj yeem raug xaws rau hauv cov ntaub mos mos uas tiv taus lub hnub ci muaj zog thiab qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv hauv qhov chaw. Cov kev tshawb fawb no yog thawj coj txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev hloov cov fiber inorganic basalt brittle mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv tau zoo, ergonomically tiv thaiv qhov chaw.

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw tob tob thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev lag luam aerospace, kev lag luam xav tau Sib dua, cov ntaub ntawv tiv taus ib puag ncig hnyav heev tau nce ntxiv sai heev.Cov fiber basalt, los ntawm pob zeb volcanic, muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li tus nqi qis, tiv taus kub siab, rwb thaiv tsev kub siab, tiv taus hluav taws xob, tiv taus xeb, thiab tsis kub hnyiab tsis muaj pa luam yeeb, nyiam kev sib tw hauv ntau qhov chaw suav nrog kev thauj mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau, kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb, thiab kev tsim kho vaj tse. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov kev tawv ncauj siab thiab modulus siab ua rau nws yooj yim rau kev tawg ntawm qhov ntsuas ultrafine; kev sib hloov siab-torque ib txwm muaj kuj ua rau cov fiber puas tsuaj thiab poob qis hauv lub zog, ua rau kev ua tiav ntawm "tsis ua puas tsuaj, qis-torque, npog tag nrho, tawv nqaij-phooj ywg, thiab yoog tau" cov xov paj zoo ua rau muaj teeb meem ntev "bottleneck" uas txwv tsis pub basalt fiber nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thov.

Lub Sijhawm Txhim Kho Kev Siv Tshuab

Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem kev siv tshuab no thiab ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev siv tiv thaiv hnyav, ib lub tuam txhab hauv tsev tau koom tes nrog pab pawg ntawm Xibfwb Xia Zhigang ntawm Wuhan Textile University. Lawv tau daws tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev lag luam, txij li kev sib hloov, kev ua xov paj, kev ntaus ntaub, mus rau kev zas xim:

2019: Thawj qhov kev thov kom siv txoj kev qhwv khoom uas tsis ua rau puas tsuaj.
2020: Ua tiav kev tsim thawj daim tawv nqaij uas zoo rau daim tawv nqaij Cov ntaub basalt fiber thermal tiv thaiv.
2021: Tau txais kev siv tshuab kos duab uas tswj tau qhov tseeb rau cov fiber basalt zoo heev uas siv rau hauv cov ntaub khaub ncaws.
2022: Lub chaw kuaj mob tau tsim thiab ua tiav cov khoom zoo, qis zog, tsis ua puas tsuaj, npog tag nrho, muaj feem pua siab basalt fiber xov paj zoo.
2023: Kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem kev lag luam tag nrho thiab cov khoom siv uas tsim nyog rau kev sib hloov tsis ua puas tsuaj, puv npo ntawm cov fiber basalt.
2023 txog rau tam sim no: Kev txhim kho tas mus li thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab cov khoom siv, txais cov lus txib rau kev tsim khoom, thiab tsim cov ntaub tiv thaiv fiber basalt zoo tshaj plaws rau cov xwm txheej tiv thaiv hnyav.
2024: Lub chij teb chaws Suav ua los ntawm cov fiber basalt, tsim los ntawm Wuhan Textile University, tau ua tiav rau sab nraud ntawm lub hli los ntawm lub luag haujlwm Chang'e-6, txhawb nqa kev saib xyuas thiab kev nthuav dav ntawm cov ntaub basalt tiv thaiv hnyav.
2025: Ib pab pawg tsim kho tshiab "Basalt Fiber Era" tau tsim los ntawm Aero-Engine Corporation ntawm Tuam Tshoj Hangyu Life Support Equipment Co., Ltd. thiab Academician Xu Weilin pab pawg spinning ntawm Wuhan Textile University. Pab pawg neeg no mob siab rau kev tshawb fawb tob thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm cov ntawv thov aerospace tag nrho ntawm basalt fiber, los ntawm cov khoom siv raw mus rau cov khoom siv textile, daws cov ciam teb thoob ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb thiab cov kev xav tau tseem ceeb hauv tebchaws.

Kev Tsim Kho Tshiab thiab Kev Ua Tau Zoo

Ua raws li cov Xib Fwb Xu Weilin, Xia Zhigang, thiab Tao Guangming, nrog rau cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav qib siab xws li Shang Lulu, Xu Ao, thiab Zhang Shiliang, pab neeg tau tsim kho tshiab thiab txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis tam sim no. Lawv tau tsim cov thev naus laus zis "coaxial spiral wrap spinning", kov yeej cov kev tsim kho tshiab tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv xws li cov xov paj tsis ua puas tsuaj, cov xov paj tsis muaj zog thiab kev npog ntau theem ruaj khov.

Lawv ua tiav kev lag luam, kev tsim khoom tas mus li ntawm ntau theem, organic-inorganic composite, tawv nqaij-phooj ywg, yooj ywm basalt meta-structural xov (Metayarn).

Lub zog ntawm Metayarn uas tsim tawm tau nce 27.76% piv rau cov basalt filament thawj.
Lub zog torque seem ntawm cov xov paj tau txo qis ntau piv rau lwm cov xov paj lag luam, tso cai rau kev xaws ncaj qha lossis kev xaws rau hauv cov khoom Metayarn uas yooj ywm thiab yoog tau.

Ntsib cov chaw ua haujlwm aerospace uas nyuaj thiab hnyav heev, cov khoom Metayarn qhia tau tias muaj kev hloov pauv zoo tshaj plaws rau ib puag ncig thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv:

Lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv tau yooj yim tsis lwj, tab sis nce ntxiv, tom qab ntxuav tas li nrog cov kua nitrogen ntawm 200 ° C, cua kub ntawm 300 ° C, thiab raug tshav ntuj kub ntev.
Nws tswj tau qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv tom qab raug kub hnyiab los ntawm nplaim taws 1300 ° C.
Cov khoom siv metayarn knitted muaj qhov ntev thaum tawg txog li $421\%$ .
Lawv tswj tau qhov hluav taws kub zoo heev thiab tiv taus hluav taws txawm tias nyob hauv qab 30 $30\%$ , ua tiav qhov kev ua haujlwm sib koom ua ke ntawm "kev nplij siab thiab kev tiv thaiv."