Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ulusi Wabwino Kwambiri wa Basalt ndi Nsalu Zake Pofufuza Mwezi

Pepala lofufuzira lotchedwa "Hierarchical basalt metayarn for ergonomic protective space textile" linasindikizidwa mu magazini ya Matter ndi gulu la Pulofesa Xia Zhigang ndi Academician Xu Weilin ochokera ku National Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing ku Wuhan Textile University, mogwirizana ndi Pulofesa Tao Guangming. Gulu lofufuzali la zipangizo zatsopano za nsalu ndi processing yapamwamba linayamba kupereka lingaliro la ukadaulo wozungulira wa "coaxial spiral wrap spinning," womwe umathetsa mavuto a kupota, kuluka, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa basalt wosawononga, wotsika mphamvu, wapamwamba, komanso waukulu pamlingo wabwino kwambiri. Izi zikutsegula njira yatsopano yopangira nsalu zazikulu, zokonda khungu, komanso zosinthasintha za zinthu zosalimba komanso zopepuka kwambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kupanga zinthu zambiri kukwaniritse kufunikira kwachangu kwa zipangizo zoteteza zapamwamba kuti zipirire malo ovuta komanso ovuta kwambiri m'malo ovuta kwambiri. Zamlengalenga M'munda. Wolemba woyamba wa pepalali ndi Pulofesa Xia Zhigang, ndipo olemba ofanana ndi Academician Xu Weilin ndi Pulofesa Tao Guangming. Pepalali linasankhidwa kukhala nkhani yoyambira m'magazini.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendetsera zinthu ulusi wa basalt ultrafine ndipo nsalu zake pofufuza mwezi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa kusamuka kwa anthu mtsogolo. Ulusi wa basalt ultrafine uwu uli ndi kusinthasintha, mphamvu zambiri, komanso kukhazikika bwino, ndipo ukhoza kulukidwa kukhala nsalu zofewa zomwe zimalimbana bwino ndi kuwala kwamphamvu kwa dzuwa komanso kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha mumlengalenga. Kafukufukuyu akutsogolera njira yatsopano yosinthira ulusi wosalimba wa basalt kukhala nsalu zoteteza mlengalenga zomwe zimathandiza komanso zoteteza chilengedwe.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo mwachangu kwa kufufuza kwa mlengalenga padziko lonse lapansi komanso ndege zamalonda, kufunikira kwa makampaniwa kwawonjezeka. Wopepuka, zinthu zoteteza chilengedwe kwambiri zawonjezeka kwambiri.Ulusi wa basalt, yochokera ku miyala ya volcano, ili ndi ubwino waukulu monga mtengo wotsika, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kutchinjiriza kutentha kwambiri, kukana kuwala kwa dzuwa, kukana dzimbiri, komanso kusayaka popanda utsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mpikisano m'magawo osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza mayendedwe a sitima, chitetezo chapadera, ndi mainjiniya a zomangamanga. Komabe, kuuma kwake kwakukulu komanso modulus yayikulu zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yotetezeka kwambiri kusweka kwa fracture pamlingo wabwino kwambiri; kupota kwachikhalidwe kwa torque yayitali kumayambitsanso kuwonongeka kwa ulusi ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ulusi wapamwamba "wosawononga, wopanda torque yochepa, wophimbidwa mokwanira, wosavuta khungu, komanso wosinthasintha" ukhale vuto la nthawi yayitali "loletsa bottleneck" lomwe limaletsa ulusi wa basalt kulowa mu dongosolo logwiritsira ntchito nsalu.

Nthawi Yopangira Ukadaulo

Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli komanso kukwaniritsa zosowa za ntchito zoteteza kwambiri, kampani yapakhomo inagwirizana ndi gulu la Pulofesa Xia Zhigang ku Wuhan Textile University. Iwo anagwira ntchito yonse ya mafakitale, kuyambira kupota, kupanga ulusi, kuluka, mpaka kupaka utoto:

• 2019: Kuzungulira koyambirira kosawononga komwe kunaperekedwa.

• 2020: Ndinapanga bwino chida choyamba chothandiza khungu nsalu yoteteza kutentha ya basalt fiber.

• 2021: Tapeza ukadaulo wowongolera bwino kwambiri wa ulusi wa basalt wabwino kwambiri womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nsalu zovekedwa.

• 2022: Laboratory idapanga bwino ndikuzungulira bwino kwambiri, yopanda mphamvu zambiri, yosawononga, yophimbidwa mokwanira, yokhala ndi gawo lalikulu ulusi wabwino wa basalt.

• 2023: Kugwira ntchito mokhazikika kwa njira zonse zamafakitale ndi zida zoyenera kupota ulusi wa basalt wosawononga komanso wophimba mokwanira.

• 2023 mpaka pano: Kukonza mosalekeza ndi kukonza njira ndi zida, kulandira maoda opangira, ndikupanga nsalu zoteteza ulusi wa basalt zapamwamba kwambiri kuti zitetezedwe kwambiri.

• 2024: Mbendera ya dziko la China yopangidwa ndi ulusi wa basalt, yomwe idapangidwa ndi Wuhan Textile University, idatsegulidwa bwino mbali ina ya Mwezi ndi ntchito ya Chang'e-6, zomwe zidalimbikitsa chidwi ndikugwiritsa ntchito nsalu zoteteza kwambiri za basalt.

• 2025: Gulu la "Basalt Fiber Era" linakhazikitsidwa limodzi ndi Aero-Engine Corporation of China Hangyu Life Support Equipment Co., Ltd. ndi gulu la Academician Xu Weilin lopanga zopota ku Wuhan Textile University. Gululi ladzipereka ku kafukufuku wozama ndikulimbikitsa kukulitsa kwa ntchito yonse ya basalt fiber mumlengalenga, kuyambira pa zipangizo zopangira mpaka zinthu zopangidwa ndi nsalu, kuthana ndi malire a sayansi ya mlengalenga yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso zosowa zazikulu zadziko.

Zatsopano ndi Magwiridwe Abwino

Motsogozedwa ndi Mapulofesa Xu Weilin, Xia Zhigang, ndi Tao Guangming, pamodzi ndi ophunzira omaliza maphunziro monga Shang Lulu, Xu Ao, ndi Zhang Shiliang, gululi linapitiliza kupanga zatsopano ndikuwongolera ukadaulo wamakono. Iwo adayambitsa ukadaulo wa "coaxial spiral wrap spinning", kupambana zatsopano zazikulu zaukadaulo ndi zida monga kupanga ulusi wosawononga, wochepa mphamvu komanso kuphimba kolimba kwa magawo ambiri.

Iwo anakwanitsa kupanga ulusi wa basalt meta-structural (Metayarn) wopangidwa ndi mafakitale osiyanasiyana, wosasinthika komanso wosasinthika.

• Mphamvu ya Metayarn yopangidwayo inawonjezeka ndi 27.76% poyerekeza ndi ulusi woyambirira wa basalt.

• Mphamvu yotsala ya ulusi inachepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ulusi wina wamalonda, zomwe zinalola kuti ulusiwo ulukidwe mwachindunji kapena kuluka zinthu za Metayarn zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pakhungu komanso zosinthasintha.

Poyang'anizana ndi malo ovuta komanso ovuta kwambiri oyendera ndege, zinthu za Metayarn zimasonyeza kusinthasintha kwabwino kwa chilengedwe komanso kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake:

• Mphamvu ya chinthu chosinthasintha sichinawole, koma chinawonjezeka, Pambuyo posamba ndi nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi nthawi zonse pa 200°C, mpweya wotentha pa 300°C, komanso kuwonetsedwa nthawi yayitali ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa.

• Inasunga kapangidwe kake bwino itapsa ndi moto wa 1300°C.

• Zopangidwa ndi nsalu za Metayarn zimakhala ndi kutalika kwa nthawi yopuma mpaka 421%.

• Amakhalabe ndi mphamvu yoletsa moto komanso kukana moto ngakhale kutentha kwa madigiri 30.%, kukwaniritsa ntchito yogwirizana ya "chitonthozo ndi chitetezo."