Gukoresha ubudodo bwa basalt bukozwe mu byiciro n'imyenda yabwo mu bushakashatsi bwa Lunar

2025-11-03

Inyandiko y’ubushakashatsi yitwa "Hierarchical basalt metayarn yo gutunganya imyenda yo mu kirere irinda ergonomic" yasohotse mu kinyamakuru Matter n’itsinda rya Porofeseri Xia Zhigang n’umuhanga mu by’amashuri makuru Xu Weilin wo muri Laboratwari y’Igihugu y’Ibintu Bishya by’Imyenda n’Uburyo Bugezweho bwo Gutunganya muri Kaminuza ya Wuhan Textile, ku bufatanye na Porofeseri Tao Guangming. Iri tsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho bishya by’imyenda n’uburyo bugezweho bwo gutunganya bwabanje gutanga ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya "coaxial spiral wrap spinning," rikemura ibibazo byo kuzunguruka, kuboha no gukoresha fibre ya basalt ku gipimo cya ultrafine. Ibi bifungura inzira nshya yo gutunganya imyenda minini, ikora neza kandi yoroshye, ikora neza ku ruhu, kandi ikora neza, ituma umusaruro mwinshi uhura n’ibikenewe byihutirwa byo kurinda ibikoresho bigezweho kugira ngo bihangane n’ibidukikije bigoye kandi bikabije mu Ibyerekeye ikirere ishami. Umwanditsi wa mbere w'iyi nyandiko ni Porofeseri Xia Zhigang, abanditsi bayo ni Intiti Xu Weilin na Porofeseri Tao Guangming. Iyi nyandiko yatoranijwe nk'inyandiko y'ibanze y'ikinyamakuru.

Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'imiterere y'urwego ubudodo bwa basalt ultrafine kandi imyenda yayo mu bushakashatsi ku kwezi ni ingenzi cyane ku kwimuka k'ikirere cy'abantu mu gihe kizaza. Ubu budodo bwa basalt ultrafine bufite ubushobozi bwo koroha, gukomera cyane, no kudahungabana cyane, kandi bushobora kubohwa mu myenda yoroshye irwanya imirasire y'izuba ikomeye n'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe bukabije mu kirere. Ubu bushakashatsi bwatangije uburyo bushya bwo guhindura fibre ya basalt idakora neza ikayihindura imyenda y'ikirere ikora neza kandi irinda ikirere.

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’ubushakashatsi bw’ikirere cyimbitse ku isi n’ikirere cy’ubucuruzi, icyifuzo cy’inganda cyo Yoroheje, ibikoresho birwanya ibidukikije cyane byiyongereye cyane.Fibre ya basalt, ikomoka ku rutare rw'ibirunga, ifite ibyiza bikomeye nko kugabanuka kw'igiciro, kudashyuha cyane, gukingira ubushyuhe bwinshi, kudashyuha cyane, kudashyuha cyane, kudashyuha cyane, kudashyuha cyane, kudashyuha cyane, no kudashya neza nta mwotsi, bigatuma habaho guhangana mu nzego nyinshi zirimo inzira za gari ya moshi, uburinzi bwihariye, n'ubwubatsi. Ariko, gukomera kwayo cyane no kuba ifite modulus nyinshi bituma ishobora kwangirika cyane ku gipimo cyiza cyane; izunguruka ryayo risanzwe rituma fibre yangirika cyane ndetse n'igabanuka rikomeye ry'imbaraga, bigatuma "itangiza, idapfuka cyane, ipfutse neza, irinda uruhu, kandi yoroshye" iba ikibazo cy'igihe kirekire "kibangamira fibre ya basalt kwinjira muri sisitemu yo gukoresha imyenda.

Ingengabihe y'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga

Kugira ngo bakemure iki kibazo cya tekiniki kandi bahaze ibyifuzo byo kurinda cyane, ikigo cyo mu gihugu cyakoranye n'itsinda rya Porofeseri Xia Zhigang wo muri Kaminuza ya Wuhan Textile. Bakemuye ikibazo cyose cy'inganda, kuva ku kuboha, gukora ubudodo, kuboha, kugeza ku gusiga amarangi:

2019: Icyitonderwa cya mbere cyo kuzunguruka mu buryo budasenya.
2020: Yateguye neza uruhu rwa mbere rukwiriye umwenda urinda ubushyuhe bwa basalt fibre.
2021: Twageze ku ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya rigenzurwa neza n'imitako ya basalt ikoreshwa mu myenda y'imyenda.
2022: Laboratwari yateguye neza kandi ikora neza, ifite ubuziranenge buhanitse, idasenya, yuzuye, ifite ubwinshi buhanitse ubudodo bwiza bwa basalt fibre.
2023: Imikorere ihamye y'inganda zose zikora ibintu n'ibikoresho bikwiye gukoreshwa mu kuzunguza fibre ya basalt bitangiza kandi bigakwirakwira mu buryo bwuzuye.
2023 kugeza ubu: Gukomeza kunoza no kunoza imikorere n'ibikoresho, kwakira amadosiye yo gukora, no guteza imbere imyenda yo kurinda fibre ya basalt igezweho ku buryo bwo kwirinda cyane.
2024: Ibendera ry'igihugu cy'Ubushinwa rikozwe mu miringa ya basalt, ryakozwe na Kaminuza ya Wuhan Textile, ryafunguwe neza ku ruhande rw'ukwezi n'ubutumwa bwa Chang'e-6, birushaho guteza imbere kwitabwaho no kwaguka kw'imyenda irinda basalt cyane.
2025: Itsinda ry’udushya rya "Basalt Fiber Era" ryashinzwe ku bufatanye na Aero-Engine Corporation yo mu Bushinwa Hangyu Life Support Equipment Co., Ltd. hamwe n’itsinda ry’impuguke mu by’ubumenyi bw’isi Xu Weilin muri Kaminuza ya Wuhan Textile. Iri tsinda ryihaye intego yo gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse no guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’indege rya basalt, kuva ku bikoresho fatizo kugeza ku bicuruzwa by’imyenda, gukemura ibibazo mpuzamahanga ku bumenyi bw’ikirere n’ibikenewe by’ingenzi mu rwego rw’igihugu.

Udushya n'Imikorere

Iyobowe na Porofeseri Xu Weilin, Xia Zhigang, na Tao Guangming, hamwe n'abanyeshuri barangije kaminuza nka Shang Lulu, Xu Ao, na Zhang Shiliang, itsinda ryakomeje guhanga udushya no kunoza ikoranabuhanga rigezweho. Batangije ikoranabuhanga rya "coaxial spiral wrap spinning", batsinda udushya tw'ingenzi mu bya tekiniki n'ibikoresho nko gukora ubudodo budasenya, bufite torque ntoya no gukwirakwiza ibintu mu buryo buhamye mu byiciro byinshi.

Bageze ku rwego rw'inganda, bakomeza gukora ubudodo bw'ubwoko bwinshi, bukozwe mu buryo bwa organic-inorganic, butangiza uruhu, kandi bworoshye bworoshye (Metayarn).

Imbaraga za Metayarn yakozwe ziyongereyeho 27.76% ugereranije n'umugozi w'umwimerere wa basalt.
Uburemere bw'ubudodo bwagabanutse cyane ugereranije n'ubundi budodo bw'ubucuruzi, bituma bushobora kubohwa cyangwa kubohwa mu bikoresho bya Metayarn byoroshye kandi byoroshye gukoresha mu ruhu.

Bitewe n'ibidukikije bigoye kandi bikabije by'ikirere, ibicuruzwa bya Metayarn bigaragaza ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibidukikije n'imiterere yabyo mu buryo butangaje:

Ingufu z'icyo gicuruzwa cyoroshye ntizangiritse, ahubwo zariyongereye, nyuma yo gusukura amazi buri gihe ukoresheje azote y'amazi kuri 200°C, umwuka ushyushye kuri 300°C, no kumara igihe kirekire uhura n'imirasire ikomeye y'izuba.
Yakomeje kuba imiterere yayo nyuma yo gutwikwa n'umuriro wa dogere selisiyusi 1300.
Ibikoresho byo kuboha bya Metayarn bifite uburebure bugera kuri $421\%$ .
Zigumana ubushobozi bwo kudacana umuriro neza ndetse zikanarinda umuriro nubwo zaba ziri munsi ya dogere 30 $30\%$ , kugera ku nshingano ihuriweho yo "guhumuriza no kurinda."