Tiv taus 1300°C yam tsis kub hnyiab! Ib lub tsho tua hluav taws uas ua los ntawm pob zeb roob hluav taws—Tus nqi qis dua, kev tiv thaiv muaj zog dua

Tsis ntev los no, tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm kev kov yeej cov teeb meem kev siv tshuab, Wuhan Textile University tau ua tiav zoo hauv kev kos duab. Basalt ua cov fibers uas zoo dua li cov plaub hau tib neeg thiab muab lawv ua "Basalt Dragon-Scale Suits" uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov kub ntawm 1300 ° C. Qhov kev tshawb pom no, uas tau nyiam cov neeg ua lag luam textile, tsis yog tsuas yog daws qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khaub ncaws tua hluav taws ib txwm muaj tab sis kuj ua tiav kev ua tau zoo dua ntawm tus nqi qis dua. Cov neeg sawv cev los ntawm Wuhan Fire and Rescue Bureau nyuam qhuav mus xyuas lub tsev kawm ntawv kom xaj ib pawg ntawm cov khaub ncaws no. Qhov kev tsim kho tshiab no tau nyiam tsis yog los ntawm cov lag luam hauv Hubei hauv zos xwb tab sis kuj los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab textile thoob plaws lub tebchaws.

"Peb lub tshuab 'Core-Wrapped Spinning' yog ib qho txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb tshiab thiab siv tau ntau yam. Nws sawv tawm hauv kev lag luam ntawm cov khaub ncaws tshwj xeeb uas tiv taus kub thiab tau tsim ntau dua 2 billion yuan hauv kev lag luam," Xibfwb Xia Zhigang, tus thawj coj ntawm pawg tshawb fawb spinning hauv qab Academician Xu Weilin pab pawg, tau hais rau lub Tsib Hlis 19. Nws piav qhia tias qhov kev tshawb pom tshiab hauv Basalt Fiber Cov thev naus laus zis tiv thaiv hluav taws tsis yog tsuas yog daws cov kev txwv ntawm cov khaub ncaws ib txwm muaj xwb tab sis kuj tseem ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv textile thiab kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv ua textile, hloov pauv qhov kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb.

Ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv: Tig pob zeb mus ua "Basalt Dragon-Scale Suits"

"Qhov kev sib tw txog cov ntaub ntawv basalt tau pib los ntawm cov kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam; peb pab neeg tau teb rau cov kev xav tau no los ntawm kev ua kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb.

Xyoo 2017, thaum Xia Zhigang thiab nws pab neeg mus xyuas ob lub tuam txhab, lawv tau hnov ​​ib qho lus thov uas sawv daws pom zoo: Cov khoom siv inorganic—xws li basalt—puas siv tau los rho cov fibers, tig cov xov paj, thiab ntaub los tiv thaiv lub neej ntawm cov neeg tua hluav taws ntawm cov kab pem hauv ntej?

Basalt fiber muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev, hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, tiv taus hluav taws thiab txias, siab Tshuaj lom neeg tsis muaj zog, tiv taus corrosion, thiab tus nqi qis. Txawm li cas los xij, cov fibers yog rigid thiab yooj yim rau brittle tawg, ua rau tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, qis-torque bending thiab twisting thaum lub sij hawm textile ua nyuaj rau tswj.

Vim yog lub hom phiaj kom "cog rau hauv Hubei thiab mob siab rau txoj kab tsim khoom," Xia Zhigang tau hais tias: "Qhov no yog qhov kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb - peb puas yuav sim ua?"

Thaum rov qab mus rau chav kuaj mob ntawm tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, Xia Zhigang tau teeb tsa ib pab pawg tshawb fawb thiab koom tes nrog cov tuam txhab fiber-spinning thiab textile los pib qhov kev tshawb fawb theoretical tsom mus rau kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv basalt. Basalt fiber yog ib qho inorganic fiber uas tau los ntawm pob zeb volcanic basalt. Los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab hauv cov khoom siv thiab kev ua tiav, nws tau dhau los ua ultra-fine thiab yoog tau, thaum tseem khaws nws cov kev tiv thaiv ntuj rau qhov kub thiab txias siab thiab xeb.

Xyoo 2021, pab pawg tshawb fawb thiab cov neeg koom tes hauv kev lag luam tau koom tes ua ke; cov chaw soj ntsuam hauv tsev kawm ntawv tau koom tes nrog cov kab ntau lawm hauv Hoobkas los ua qhov kev sim thiab kev lees paub tas mus li. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm cov fiber tau txo qis los ntawm 12 microns thiab 10 microns mus rau tsuas yog 5 microns - ib feem peb ntawm qhov tuab ntawm cov plaub hau tib neeg. Tom qab ntau txhiab qhov kev sim torque, kev suav rov ua dua, kev lees paub sim, thiab kev ua kom zoo dua raws li kev tawm tswv yim, pab pawg tau ua tiav cov txheej txheem zoo tshaj plaws rau "tsis ua puas tsuaj, ob-directional twisting nrog kev txwv." Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov fiber basalt tuaj yeem tig nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus torque thaum tseem tsis puas tsuaj.

"Kev ua kom daim tawv nqaij zoo nkauj—qhov ntawd yog qhov teeb meem nyuaj tshaj plaws rau Cov ntaub basalt fiber!" Pab neeg txoj kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv "core-wrap spinning" technology: cov fibers mos mos raug ntswj ncig lub basalt core filament. Txoj kev no khaws cia lub "rugged" tiv thaiv core ntawm basalt fiber thaum muab kev hnav khaub ncaws sib dua, mos, thiab zoo rau daim tawv nqaij. "Peb hu cov technology tshiab no ua 'non-destructive, low-torque, full-wrap yarn formation technology,'" piav qhia Xia Zhigang. Nws pab neeg tau koom tes nrog ntau lub tuam txhab tau ntau xyoo los kov yeej cov teeb meem kev siv tshuab, kos cov basalt tawv rau hauv cov fibers me dua li cov plaub hau tib neeg thiab xaws lawv rau hauv "Basalt Dragon-Scale Suits" uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov kub ntawm 1,300°C. Qhov kev tshawb pom no tsis yog tsuas yog daws qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tua hluav taws ib txwm muaj tab sis kuj tau txais kev ua tau zoo dua ntawm tus nqi sib tw.

Los ntawm Lub Hli mus rau Qhov Chaw Tua Hluav Taws: Ib Lub Tsho Tua Hluav Taws Qhia Txog "Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws ntawm Tib Neeg Technology"

Lub chij teb chaws uas tau tso tawm rau ntawm lub hli tau ntes tau lub ntiaj teb lub siab tam sim ntawd ... Xyoo 2024, Chang'e-6 "lub chij teb chaws hli" tau ci ntsa iab hauv qhov chaw. Raws li lub chij basalt fiber thawj zaug hauv ntiaj teb uas tau tso tawm rau ntawm lub hli, nws tau muab kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau kuv lub teb chaws txoj haujlwm tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw tob. Cov thev naus laus zis basalt fiber spinning siv rau lub chij no tau tsim los ntawm Professor Xia Zhigang pab pawg ntawm Wuhan Textile University.

Niaj hnub no, cov thev naus laus zis spinning uas pab pawg ntawm Xibfwb Xia tsim tsis yog tsuas yog cob qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev lag luam xwb tab sis kuj txhawb nqa cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tebchaws thiab tau ua tiav kev lag luam thoob plaws ntau lub koom haum pej xeem, qhia txog lub peev xwm ua lag luam loj heev. Cov kev sim tau qhia tias thaum raug rau lub nplaim taws 1,300 ° C rau 10 vib nas this, cov ntaub paj rwb ib txwm muaj hluav taws kub tam sim ntawd thiab cov khaub ncaws tua hluav taws aramid tau hlawv tag nrho, thaum cov ntaub basalt fiber tiv thaiv hluav taws tsuas yog pom me ntsis dub.

Xyoo 2025, pab neeg tau koom tes thoob plaws tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj nrog ntau lub tuam txhab hauv tsev los tsav cov khoom loj ntawm cov xov paj basalt composite core-spun, tsim cov khoom xws li cov khaub ncaws tua hluav taws, khau looj plab hlaub, cov hlua tiv thaiv, thiab cov pam hluav taws.

Piv rau cov khaub ncaws tua hluav taws aramid ib txwm muaj, Cov khoom siv basalt fiber muab cov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws: lawv tiv taus qhov kub txog li 1,300 ° C thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv qhov ntau ntawm -200 ° C txog 700 ° C, daws tau qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tshuab.

Xia Zhigang tau hais nrog kev txaus siab tias tam sim no tsis muaj cov khoom lag luam zoo sib xws hauv kev ua lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, ua rau Tuam Tshoj hloov pauv los ntawm tus neeg ua raws li tus thawj coj hauv daim teb no. Lub caij no, pab pawg tshawb fawb tseem niaj hnub ua haujlwm nrog cov tuam txhab lag luam kom ua kom zoo dua, tsav kev lag luam thiab kev siv cov khoom lag luam zoo dua thiab tshiab.

"Txij ntawm lub ntiaj teb mus rau lub hli, kev siv cov fiber basalt txuas ntxiv mus deb tshaj li cov khaub ncaws tua hluav taws," Xia Zhigang hais, saib rau yav tom ntej. Nws piav qhia tias lub hli muaj ntau cov av ntawm lub hli uas muaj cov qauv zoo ib yam li basalt; yav tom ntej, cov ntaub fiber basalt tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khaub ncaws chaw thiab pab txhawb kev tsim kho lub hli, pab tib neeg tshawb nrhiav lub hli ntxiv.