Nkhani

Ulusi wa basalt ndi basalt wachilengedwe, basalt imaphwanyidwa ndikuwonjezeredwa mu uvuni, ikasungunuka kutentha kwa 1400 ~ 1500 ℃, kudzera mu kutambasula ulusi, ndipo ulusiwo ngati njira yolimbikitsira kukhala mtundu watsopano wa zinthu zophatikizika.

Mu chitukuko chamakono cha ukadaulo watsopano, miyala ya basalt, yomwe kale inkagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza misewu yokha, tsopano ikuchita gawo losayerekezeka.
Kuyambira pa miyala yolimba mpaka ulusi wopepuka komanso wofewa, ulusi wa basalt wakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zapamwamba, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumlengalenga, zomangamanga, zida zamagetsi ndi madera ena apamwamba.

Nsalu ya basalt unidirectional mu structural reinforcement ya ntchito ya magwiridwe antchito imakwaniritsa kapena kupitirira carbon fiber, pa mita imodzi ya sikweya mtengo wa nsalu ya basalt unidirectional ndi 1/4-1/3 ya yomalizayi, ndiyo njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yopangira zinthu za nsalu ya carbon fiber unidirectional.

Basalt, kodi sizikumveka bwino? Ndi mwala wa phiri lophulika, wopangidwa kuchokera ku magma mkati mwa dziko lapansi womwe umathamanga pamwamba ndikuzizira mofulumira panthawi ya kuphulika kwa phiri lophulika. Magma yotentha imayenda ngati mtsinje, ndipo ikazizira imasanduka mwala wolimba womwe umapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, kuyambira magombe a mchenga wakuda ku Iceland mpaka kumapiri a Changbai ku China.
Basalt imapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana, yakuda, imvi, ndi bulauni, ndipo pamwamba pake pangakhale posalala ngati galasi kapena lolimba ngati sandpaper. Ndi lolimba kwambiri komanso lolimba ku nyengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri m'chilengedwe, monga kuthandiza kupanga malo abwino komanso kupereka nthaka yopatsa thanzi kuti zomera zikule.

Chitoliro chozungulira cha basalt fiber ndi mtundu watsopano wa chitoliro chapamwamba chopangidwa ndi basalt fiber ngati chinthu chachikulu, chomwe chili ndi ubwino wokana dzimbiri bwino, moyo wautali, magwiridwe antchito abwino a hydraulic, kuyenda kwakukulu; mphamvu yayikulu, chitetezo ndi kudalirika; kulemera kopepuka, kuyika kosavuta ndi mayendedwe; nthawi yochepa yomanga komanso ndalama zochepa; kuteteza zachilengedwe zobiriwira ndi zina zotero. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa netiweki yamadzi amvula ndi zimbudzi za m'mizinda, ulimi wothirira minda, kusuntha madzi am'mizinda ndikutumiza, netiweki yoperekera madzi am'mizinda, kusamalira madzi ndi mphamvu yamadzi, petrochemical ndi zina; ndipo m'mbali zambiri zimasonyeza kupambana kwake poyerekeza ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira, chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira, chitoliro chachitsulo (chotchedwa chitoliro cha PCCP), chitoliro cha PE.

Tikukondwera kukupatsani chiitano chapadera ichi ku Chiwonetsero cha Zinthu Zophatikiza chomwe chikubwera ku Brazil. Chochitikachi chikulonjeza kuwonetsa zomwe zikuchitika m'makampani aposachedwa, kulimbikitsa mwayi wolumikizana, komanso kufufuza mgwirizano womwe ungatheke.

Njira yosungunula ulusi wa basalt popanda boron ndi ma alkali metal oxides ena omwe amatulutsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira yopangira ulusi wa basalt ikhale yopanda vuto ku chilengedwe, palibe zinyalala zamafakitale, palibe mpweya woipa wotulutsa mpweya mumlengalenga, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa ulusi wa basalt komwe ndi nthaka yayikulu, kumatha kuwonongeka mwachilengedwe, chilengedwe sichidzayambitsa kuipitsa kwachiwiri. Chifukwa chake, monga zipangizo zatsopano zosamalira chilengedwe m'zaka za m'ma 2000, ulusi wa basalt wakhala malo otchuka ofufuzira, komanso wakhala zinthu zopangira zomwe mafakitale ambiri amapikisana kuti agwiritse ntchito. Ulusi wa basalt uli ndi zinthu zopangira zokwanira, zinthu zosamalira chilengedwe, kukana bwino kutentha kwambiri ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha, kukhazikika kwa mankhwala, kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa mphamvu ndi kulimba, kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwamphamvu kwa acoustic, kusungunuka kwamagetsi kwabwino ndi zinthu za dielectric, kusungunuka kwachilengedwe kwa silicate, kutsika kwa hygroscopicity, kutentha kochepa komanso zinthu zina zabwino.

Ulusi wa basalt ndi mtundu watsopano wa ulusi wothandiza kwambiri wosawononga chilengedwe, wokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana dzimbiri, kuteteza chilengedwe ndi zabwino zina. Uli ndi mwayi waukulu wogwiritsidwa ntchito mu zomangamanga, ndege, magalimoto, kuteteza chilengedwe ndi madera ena, ndipo wakhala malo otchuka ofufuza za sayansi ya zinthu.

Monga mtundu watsopano wa zinthu zolimbitsa zomangamanga, basalt fiber geogrid ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri komanso malo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito, zomwe zitha kulowa m'malo mwa maukonde achitsulo olimbitsa. Ndi olimba ku alkali, osinthasintha, amphamvu kwambiri, osayaka, osawononga komanso oteteza chilengedwe, ndipo ndi oyenera misewu, milatho, nyumba ndi malo ena. Ndi yabwino kuposa maukonde olimbitsa zitsulo pankhani yolimbana ndi dzimbiri komanso magwiridwe antchito omanga, koma siigwira ntchito pazochitika zomwe zimafunikira kwambiri kuti zikhale zolimba komanso zokhazikika.

Ulusi wa basalt ndi mtundu watsopano wa zinthu zobiriwira zogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimachokera ku miyala yachilengedwe ndipo zimapangidwa ndi kusungunuka ndi kukoka kutentha kwambiri, ndipo njira yopangirayi ndi yosamalira chilengedwe. Poyang'anizana ndi chizolowezi choteteza chilengedwe chobiriwira cha zipangizo zamagalimoto, kuyang'ana kwambiri magwiridwe antchito ofunikira azinthu zamkati, tadutsa ukadaulo wofunikira wa kusintha ulusi, kulumikizana kwa mawonekedwe, njira yakuthupi yotulutsira ma electrostatic, ndi kuwongolera molondola momwe zinthu zilili, ndipo ndife oyamba kupanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi ulusi wa basalt zosamalira chilengedwe.