Imapirira kutentha kwa 1300°C Popanda Kupsa! Suti Yozimitsa Moto Yolukidwa ndi Mwala wa Phiri—Yotsika Mtengo, Chitetezo Champhamvu

Posachedwapa, pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zogonjetsa zovuta zaukadaulo, Wuhan Textile University yapambana bwino Basalt Kupanga ulusi wofewa kuposa tsitsi la munthu ndikuupanga kukhala "Basalt Dragon-Scale Suits" yomwe imatha kupirira kutentha kwa 1300°C. Kupambana kumeneku, komwe kwakopa chidwi cha makampani otsogola opanga nsalu, sikuti kungothetsa zofooka za zovala zachikhalidwe zozimitsa moto komanso kumakwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito apamwamba pamtengo wotsika. Oimira ochokera ku Wuhan Fire and Rescue Bureau posachedwapa adapita ku yunivesiteyi kuti akagulitse mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zovalazi. Lusoli lakopa chidwi osati kuchokera ku mabizinesi aku Hubei okha komanso kuchokera kumakampani ambiri otsogola opanga nsalu mdziko lonselo.

"Ukadaulo wathu wa 'Core-Wrapped Spinning' ndi njira yoyambirira padziko lonse lapansi komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Imadziwika bwino kwambiri pankhani ya zovala zapadera zomwe sizitentha kwambiri ndipo yapanga ndalama zoposa mayuan 2 biliyoni," adatero Pulofesa Xia Zhigang, mtsogoleri wa gulu lofufuza za kuluka motsogozedwa ndi gulu la Academician Xu Weilin, pa Meyi 19. Anafotokoza kuti kupita patsogolo kwa Ulusi wa Basalt Ukadaulo wa zovala zozimitsa moto sikuti umangothetsa zoletsa zoteteza zovala wamba komanso umapititsa patsogolo kwambiri sayansi ya zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nsalu komanso kupititsa patsogolo mafakitale a zida zopangira nsalu, zomwe zimasintha mpikisano wapadziko lonse.

Kuyambitsa Kusintha kwa Zipangizo: Kusandutsa Mwala Kukhala "Masuti a Chinjoka cha Basalt"

"Vuto lokhudza zipangizo za basalt idachokera ku zosowa zamakampani; gulu lathu layankha mwachangu zofuna izi mwa kuchita kafukufuku wasayansi wodzipereka.

Mu 2017, pamene ankayendera makampani awiri, Xia Zhigang ndi gulu lake anamva pempho limodzi: Kodi zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe—monga basalt—zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchotsa ulusi, ulusi wopota, ndi nsalu yoluka kuti ateteze miyoyo ya ozimitsa moto omwe anali kutsogolo?

Ulusi wa basalt umapereka chitetezo chabwino kwambiri cha kutentha ndi magetsi, kukana moto ndi kuzizira, komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri. Mankhwala Kusagwira ntchito, kukana dzimbiri, komanso mtengo wotsika. Komabe, ulusi wake ndi wolimba ndipo umasweka mosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuulamulira kuti usawononge, ukhale wopindika pang'ono komanso wopotoka panthawi yokonza nsalu.

Poyendetsedwa ndi cholinga choti "akhazikike ku Hubei ndikukhalabe odzipereka pantchito yopanga," Xia Zhigang adati: "Iyi ndi ntchito yapadziko lonse lapansi—kodi tiyese?"

Atabwerera ku labotale ya yunivesite, Xia Zhigang adakonza gulu lofufuza ndipo adagwirizana ndi makampani opanga ulusi ndi nsalu kuti ayambe kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi luso la zinthu zopangidwa ndi basalt. Ulusi wa basalt ndi ulusi wosapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe wochokera ku miyala ya basalt ya volcano. Kudzera mu zatsopano mu zida zaukadaulo ndi kukonza, wakhala wofewa kwambiri komanso wosinthasintha, pomwe ukusunga kukana kwake kwachilengedwe ku kutentha kwambiri ndi dzimbiri.

Mu 2021, gulu lofufuza ndi ogwira nawo ntchito m'makampani adagwirizana; ma laboratories aku yunivesite adagwirizana kwambiri ndi mizere yopanga mafakitale kuti achite mayeso opitilira ndi kutsimikizira. Kukula kwa ulusi kunachepetsedwa kuchoka pa ma microns 12 ndi ma microns 10 mpaka ma microns 5 okha - gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a makulidwe a tsitsi la munthu. Pambuyo pa mayeso zikwizikwi a torque, kuwerengera mobwerezabwereza, kutsimikizira koyesera, ndi kukonza kutengera ndemanga, gululo linamaliza njira yabwino kwambiri "yosawononga, yopotoza mbali zonse ziwiri ndi kutsekeredwa." Izi zidatsimikizira kuti ulusi wa basalt ukhoza kuzunguliridwa ndi torque yochepa pomwe sunawonongeke.

"Kukhala bwino pakhungu—ndicho chinali chopinga chachikulu kwambiri kwa nsalu za basalt!" Kupambana kwakukulu kwa gululi kuli mu ukadaulo wa "kupota core-wrap": ulusi wofewa wofunikira umapindika mozungulira ulusi wa basalt core. Njira imeneyi imasunga pakati "polimba" poteteza ulusi wa basalt pomwe ikupereka luso lopepuka, lofewa, komanso losavuta kuvala. "Tinatcha ukadaulo watsopanowu kuti 'ukadaulo wosawononga, wopanda mphamvu zambiri, wodzaza ndi ulusi,'" akufotokoza Xia Zhigang. Gulu lake linagwirizana ndi makampani ambiri kwa zaka zingapo kuti athetse mavuto aukadaulo, kukoka basalt yolimba kukhala ulusi wofewa kuposa tsitsi la munthu ndikuupanga kukhala "Basalt Dragon-Scale Suits" yomwe imatha kupirira kutentha kwa 1,300°C. Kupambana kumeneku sikunangothetsa zofooka zoteteza zida zachikhalidwe zozimitsira moto komanso kunapangitsa kuti pakhale magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri pamtengo wotsika.

Kuchokera ku Mwezi Kupita ku Malo Oyaka Moto: Chovala Chozimitsira Moto Chimayimira "Chipilala cha Ukadaulo wa Anthu"

Mbendera ya dziko yomwe inali pamwamba pa mwezi inakopa chidwi cha dziko lonse nthawi yomweyo... Mu 2024, "mbendera ya dziko ya mwezi" ya Chang'e-6 inawala kwambiri mumlengalenga. Monga mbendera yoyamba padziko lonse ya basalt fiber kuwonetsedwa pamwezi, inapereka chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito zofufuza zakuya za dziko langa. Ukadaulo wozungulira ulusi wa basalt womwe unagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mbendera iyi unapangidwa ndi gulu la Pulofesa Xia Zhigang ku Wuhan Textile University.

Masiku ano, ukadaulo wozungulira womwe wapangidwa ndi gulu la Pulofesa Xia sumangophunzitsa ophunzira ndi akatswiri amakampani okha komanso umathandizira mapulojekiti akuluakulu adziko lonse ndipo wagulitsidwa bwino m'magawo osiyanasiyana a anthu wamba, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu pamsika. Kuyesera kwawonetsa kuti atayikidwa pamoto wa 1,300°C kwa masekondi 10, nsalu yachikhalidwe ya thonje inayaka nthawi yomweyo ndipo suti yozimitsa moto ya aramid inatenthedwa kwathunthu, pomwe nsalu yolimba ya basalt fiber sinali ndi mtundu wakuda pang'ono.

Mu 2025, gululi linagwirizana ndi makampani ambiri am'deralo kuti lipititse patsogolo kupanga ulusi waukulu wa basalt, kupanga zinthu monga zovala zozimitsira moto, nsapato, zingwe zoteteza, ndi mabulangeti ozimitsira moto.

"Poyerekeza ndi zovala zachikhalidwe zozimitsira moto za aramid, zovala za basalt amapereka miyeso yabwino kwambiri ya magwiridwe antchito: amapirira kutentha mpaka 1,300°C ndipo amagwira ntchito modalirika mkati mwa -200°C mpaka 700°C, zomwe zimathandiza kuthetsa vuto lalikulu laukadaulo.

Xia Zhigang adazindikira monyadira kuti pakadali pano palibe zinthu zofanana nazo pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zikuwonetsa kusintha kwa China kuchoka pa kukhala wotsatira kupita ku mtsogoleri pankhaniyi. Pakadali pano, gulu lofufuza likupitiliza kugwira ntchito ndi makampani kuti awonjezere kukonza, zomwe zikuyendetsa chitukuko cha mafakitale ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapamwamba komanso zatsopano.

"Kuyambira Padziko Lapansi mpaka Mwezi, mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa basalt umapitirira kuposa zovala zozimitsira moto," adatero Xia Zhigang, akuyang'ana zamtsogolo. Anafotokoza kuti Mwezi uli ndi nthaka yambiri ya mwezi yokhala ndi kapangidwe kofanana ndi basalt; mtsogolomu, nsalu za basalt zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zovala zamlengalenga ndikuthandizira kumanga mwezi, kuthandiza anthu kufufuza kwambiri mwezi.