Ho tloha Mabopong a Khoeli ho ea Maoatleng a Tebileng: Karohano ea Matla a Lintho tsa Basalt a Mahlakore a Mararo

Ho tsoa ho faeba ea basaltLifolakha tsa naha li ne li phutholohile ka lehlakoreng le leng la khoeli ho ea mehahong e meholo ea liforomo tsa temo ea metsing tse tebileng leoatleng, le holim'a li-subbase tsa litsela tse kholo tse sa mapetsong, Lijo tsa BasaltLi-eriale li ikhethile libakeng tse mpe haholo le mererong ea boenjiniere ea letsatsi le letsatsi ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng ka tsela e ikhethang, ho hanyetsa mafome le ts'ebetso ea ho thibela botsofali.

Lefika lena la tlhaho la seretse se chesang, le entsoeng ka ho phodisa le ho tiea ha magma botebong ba Lefatshe, le bontsha dibopeho tse 'thata' kamora ho sebetswa tse fetang hole thepa e tlwaelehileng. Ka lebaka leo, e se e le thepa e nngwe e kgethwang tlhahisong ya maemo a hodimo, boenjiniere ba meralo ya motheo, le Lifofane Makala. Kajeno, re tla arola matla a tshebetso ya thepa ya basalt ho pholletsa le dikarolo tse tharo tsa mantlha ho utlwisisa hantle hore na ke eng e etsang hore e be matla hakana.

01 Khanyetso ea Mocheso o Phahameng: 'Mohlabani ea sa Cheseng' tlas'a Liphetoho tse Feteletseng tsa Mocheso

Ho mamella Liteko tse Bohlokoa tsa Mocheso le Serame se Feteletseng

Ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng haholo ha thepa ea basalt ho simoloha ho thehoeng ha eona ka tlhaho ha seretse se chesang. Kaha ke magma e pholileng ka potlako holim'a Lefatše, e na le bokhoni ba tlhaho ba 'liphatsa tsa lefutso' ba ho mamella mocheso o feteletseng. Ka mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea ts'ebetso, faeba ea basalt e hlahisoang e ntlafatsa botsitso bona ba mocheso, e ba e 'ngoe ea thepa e' maloa e khonang ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o tšepahalang maemong a feteletseng a mocheso.

• Mefuta ea Mocheso o Sebetsang ka Bophara bo Phahameng: Mocheso oa ts'ebetso oa nako e telele oa faeba ea basalt o tloha ho -269°C ho isa ho 700°C, 'me moeli oa hang-hang o fihla ho 1200°C. Libakeng tse pepesehetseng ho 500-600°C khafetsa, joalo ka mabota a ka hare a ontong ea indasteri le liphaephe tsa khase ea flue ea mocheso o phahameng, e fana ka ts'ebeletso e tsitsitseng ka nako e telele ntle le ho nolofatsa, ho senyeha, kapa ho senyeha.
• Polokeho e Feteletseng ea Mollo: Maemong a tšohanyetso a mollo, likobo tsa mollo tse lohiloeng ka likhoele tsa basalt li ka thibela ka ho toba ho ata ha malakabe a 1200°C. Habohlokoa le ho feta, ha li lokolle likhase tse chefo nakong ea ho cha, li sireletsa lifensetere tsa khauta bakeng sa tšireletso ea basebetsi le thepa.
• Ha ho na ho teneha ha mocheso o tlase haholo: Tikolohong e nang le cryogenic ea -269°C, thepa ea eona ea mechine ha e bontše ho fokotseha ho hang, e qoba mathata a kang ho robeha kapa ho robeha. Folakha ea naha ea basalt fiber e neng e jeroe ke Chang'e-6 e ile ea mamella lipotoloho tsa mocheso o phahameng le o tlase khafetsa nakong ea potoloho ea eona ea khoeli le mekhahlelo ea ho lula, empa e ile ea lula e bataletse ka ho phethahetseng ebile e sa bopeha hantle.

Ha ho bapisoa le thepa e tloaelehileng, mamello ea mocheso ea basalt e bonahala ka mokhoa o makatsang: tšepe e tloaelehileng e lahleheloa ka ho feletseng ke matla a eona a sebopeho ka holimo ho 600°C, 'me faeba ea khalase e qala ho nolofala hoo e ka bang 200°C. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, thepa ea basalt li boloka ho feta 80% ea ts'ebetso ea tsona ea mantlha ea mechini mochesong o chesang oa 700°C, e leng se etsang hore e be mohlokomeli ea tšepahalang haholo lits'ebetsong tsa mocheso o phahameng.

02 Ho Hanela Mafome: 'Ha ho Senyehe' Har'a Li-Acid, Alkalis, le Li-Spray tsa Letsoai

Ho Lula U Tiile ka Sebopeho Esita le ka Mor'a ho Koaheloa ka Nako e Telele

Likarolo tsa mantlha tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa thepa ea basalt li kenyelletsa SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, le li-oxide tse ling, tse hahang sebopeho se teteaneng sa kristale. Moralo ona oa tlhaho o sireletsa thepa ho khoholeho ea mobu ke li-acid tse fapaneng, li-alkali, li-spray tsa letsoai le li-solvent tsa lik'hemik'hale, o thibela ka ho feletseng mathata a ho khoholeha, ho rusa le ho senyeha a amang litšepe le konkreite.

• Ho Boloka Asiti le Alkali ka Mokhoa o Ikhethang: Liteko tsa saense li senola hore kamora ho feta lipotolohong tse 40 tse omileng ka metsi litharollong tse fapaneng tsa acid-base ho tloha ho pH 2 ho isa ho 11, thepa ea basalt e boloka sekhahla sa ho boloka matla se fetang 90%. Tshebetso ena e phahame haholo ho feta likhoele tsa khalase tsa setso, tse lahleheloang ke matla a 30% libakeng tse nang le pH e seng thata hakaalo ea 4-9.
• Tokiso ea Boenjiniere ba Metsing ea 'Ho se Hlokomele': Libakeng tsa leoatle moo meaho ea tšepe e tloaelehileng e nang le spray e matla ea letsoai le mafome a leoatle—e hlokang ho tlosoa le ho koaheloa khafetsa le ka theko e boima—liprofaele tsa motsoako oa fiber ea basalt li boloka sekhahla sa ho boloka matla a 95% kamora teko ea spray ea letsoai ea lihora tse 1000, e hlokang tlhokomelo ea ho thibela mafome.

Ho feta moo, dibakeng tseo dikarolo di qoeliswang ka hara metswedi e matla ka mashome a dilemo—jwalo ka diphaephe tsa dimela tsa kalafo ya metsi a ditshila kapa diphaephe tsa dikhemikhale tsa dikhemikhale—disebediswa tsa basalt di bontsha mamello e ikgethang kgahlanong le metsi a letswai, dikgwerekgwere le dikhemikhale tse sebetsang. Sena se fokotsa haholo tjhelete e kenang tshebetsong ya dikhamphani mme se fokotsa ho kwalwa ho sa reroang bakeng sa ho nkela sebaka.

03 Khahlanong le Botsofali: Ha e Senyehe ke Lintho tse Ikhethang Ha Nako e ntse e ea

Bophelo ba Tšebeletso bo Fellang Haholo Lisebelisoa tse Tloaelehileng

Bokhoni ba ho thibela botsofali ke tekanyo e hlakileng ea ho lekola botšepehi ba nako e telele ba thepa ea boenjiniere. Ka lebaka la ho hloka likarolo tsa tlhaho, thepa ea basalt ka tlhaho ha e na tšoaetso ea mahlaseli a ultraviolet, ho feto-fetoha ha metsi le ho fetoha ha maemo a leholimo a tlhaho.

• Tšireletso ea 'mele khahlanong le ho senyeha ha mahlaseli a kotsi a ultraviolet: Lintlha tsa liteko li bontša hore kamora lilemo tse 10 tsa ho pepesehela kantle ka tlhaho, ho senyeha ha mechini ha fiber ea basalt ha ho fete 10%, athe likhoele tse tloaelehileng tsa khalase hangata li lahleheloa ke matla a tsona a fetang 30% tlas'a maemo a tšoanang. Bokaholimo ba khoeli, bo hlasetsoeng ke mahlaseli a matla a UV, bokhoni ba thepa ea ho boloka 'mala oa eona o khanyang le botšepehi ba sebopeho bo eme e le bopaki bo matla ba bokhoni ba eona bo ikhethang ba ho thibela botsofali ba UV.
• Ho Hanela Boemo ba Leholimo le Bopaki ba ho Phela Nako e Telele ka Tlhaho: Basalt ea Permian Emeishan e ka Boroa-bophirima ho Chaena e mamelletse lilemo tse mashome a limilione tsa ho pepesehela letsatsi, ho putlama ha leholimo le ho omella ha metsi ha e ntse e boloka sebopeho se tiileng sa lefika. Sena se bontša ho tšoarella ha tlhaho ho ikhethang ha thepa ea motheo.

Boenjiniere bo Bonahalang le Melemo ea Moruo:

• Litsela tse Kholo tsa Meralo ea Motheo: Metsi a ka tlas'a sekontiri a kopantsoeng le likhoele tsa basalt a mamella liphetoho tse matla tsa mocheso ho tloha ho -30°C ho ea ho 60°C ntle le ho petsoha. Sena se eketsa bophelo ba tšebeletso ea litsela ho tloha lilemong tse 5 ho isa ho tse 8. Haeba se ka amoheloa naheng ka bophara, se ka fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo ea litsela tse kholo ka selemo ka RMB e fetang limilione tse likete tse 20.
• Marokho le Li-platform tsa Offshore: Likarolo tsa borokho tse entsoeng ka metsoako ea faeba ea basalt li ka eketsa nako ea tsona ea ts'ebetso ho tloha lilemong tse 50 tse tloaelehileng ho isa ho lilemo tse fetang lekholo. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, sethala se phaphametseng sa temo ea metsing se tebileng se ntlafalitsoeng Sichuan se sebelisang metsoako ea faeba ea basalt se ithorisa ka bophelo ba moralo bo fetang lilemo tse 30. Se ka sebetsa ka botsitso tlas'a maholiotsoana a maholo a Sehlopha sa 17 ntle le tlhokomelo e khethehileng nakong ea puso ea sona, se bontšang ho thibela botsofali bo sa bapisoeng le ho pholoha ho feteletseng tikolohong.

Qetello: Ka tlhaho e thata, ho notlolla meeli e mecha ts'ebelisong ea indasteri

Bokhabane ba thepa ea basalt ha bo tsoe tšobotsing e ikhethang e hlahelletseng, empa bo tsoa ho kopaneng ho matla ha liparamente tsohle tse tharo: mamello ea mocheso o phahameng, ho hanyetsa mafome, le thepa ea ho thibela botsofali. Tshebetso ena e akaretsang ke phello e tobileng ea tšimoloho ea eona ea tlhaho ea seretse se chesang le matrix e teteaneng ea kristale, e ntlafalitsoeng le ho feta ke tsoelo-pele ea sejoale-joale ea ts'ebetso.

Ho tloha lifolakeng tsa naha khoeling ho ea likarolong tsa meaho marokhong le litseleng tse kholo, le ho ea pele ho ea lipolaneteng tse tebileng tsa leoatle le lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tse thibelang ho bola, thepa ea basalt e ntse e nkela tšepe ea setso le likhoele tsa maiketsetso sebaka butle-butle. E hlahile e le thepa ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho khanna liphetoho tse tala tsa indasteri le ho hlola litšitiso tsa boenjiniere libakeng tse feteletseng.

Ha theknoloji ea ho taka ea lefats'e ka bophara le mekhoa ea ho fetola lintho tse kopaneng e ntse e tsoela pele, litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso li tla ntlafala le ho feta. Lilemong tse tlang, thepa ea basalt e ikemiselitse ho khanya le ho feta liindastering tse nepahetseng haholo le tse tsoetseng pele, e fepela tlhahiso ea batho le litlhoko tsa mokhoa oa bophelo ka tšehetso e tšepahalang haholoanyane le e tšoarellang nako e telele ea meaho.