Cov Khoom Siv Kho Tshuab thiab Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Tsis Tau Zoo ntawm Cov Pob Zeb Uas Muaj Fiber Ntau: Kev Cuam Tshuam ntawm Hom Fiber thiab Cov Ntsiab Lus
Cov pob zeb ua vaj tse yog siv ntau tshaj plaws Kev Tsim Kho cov khoom siv. Nws muaj ntau yam zoo, suav nrog nws muaj ntau yam, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim, tus nqi qis, thiab yooj yim siv. Nws siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw xws li tsev, txoj kev, choj, qhov av, thiab kev tsim kho hydraulic. Raws li ntau qhov project engineering tau tsim, qhov kev thov rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pob zeb kuj tau maj mam nce ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov pob zeb ib txwm muaj, xws li lub zog tensile tsis txaus, kev tiv thaiv kab nrib pleb tsis zoo, thiab qhov ntim tsis ruaj khov, tau pom tseeb. Yog li ntawd, kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pob zeb tau ib txwm yog ib qho ntawm cov lus qhia tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse.
Yuav kom txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, feem ntau cov fibers raug ntxiv rau kom txhim kho nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev tawv. Piv txwv li suav nrog Cov Hlau Fibers (SF), cov xov hluavtaws (xws li cov xov polypropylene), cov xov minerals (xws li cov xov basalt - BF), thiab cov xov carbon (CF). Txoj hauv kev no tau txhawb nqa kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pob zeb ua vaj tse siab (HPC) thiab cov pob zeb ua vaj tse siab heev (UHPC).
Cov fibers, rau qee qhov, tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov pob zeb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hom fiber sib txawv thiab cov ntsiab lus yeej ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv lawv qhov cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov pob zeb. Tam sim no, cov ntsiab lus fiber zoo tshaj plaws, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab cov txheej txheem hauv qab ntawm cov fiber-reinforced concrete tseem xav tau kev piav qhia ntxiv. Txoj kev tshawb fawb no tshawb nrhiav cov carbon fibers (CF), cov fiber basalt (BF), thiab cov hlau fibers (SF) ua cov ntsiab lus tshawb fawb, npaj cov qauv pob zeb nrog cov ntsiab lus fiber sib txawv. Cov fibers no tau raug xaiv vim lawv cov kev ua tau zoo tau sau tseg hauv kev ua pob zeb thiab kev siv dav dav. Los ntawm kev sim hloov pauv, cov teebmeem ntawm hom fiber thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub zog compressive, elastic modulus, thiab hom kev ua tsis tiav ntawm pob zeb tau raug tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov duab digital thiab scanning electron microscopy (SEM) kev tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem, tus cwj pwm hloov pauv ntawm cov pob zeb fiber-reinforced thaum lub sijhawm sim tau pom, ua rau cov lus xaus hauv qab no:
1. Piv rau cov pob zeb ua vaj tse (PC), kev koom ua ke ntawm cov hlau fibers (SF), carbon fibers (CF), thiab cov fiber basalt (BF) tau txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) thiab hloov nws hom kev ua tsis tiav. Cov fibers no tau hloov qhov compactness ntawm cov pob zeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov pib ntawm qhov pore compression. Raws li cov ntsiab lus fiber ntau ntxiv, hom kev ua tsis tiav tau hloov pauv ntawm brittle mus rau ductile. Lub ntsiab lus hloov pauv tseem ceeb yog 0.5% rau steel fiber concrete (SFC) thiab 1.0% rau ob qho tib si carbon fiber concrete (CFC) thiab basalt fiber concrete (BFC). Txhawm rau kom ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, cov ntsiab lus zoo tshaj plaws rau steel fibers yog 2.0%, rau carbon fibers 1.0%, thiab rau basalt fibers 0.5%.
2. Txawm hais tias cov fiber ntau tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov compactness thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, cov ntsiab lus siab dhau heev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim "saturation", ua rau cov fiber "agglomeration." Qhov no cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov khoom siv lub cev, lub zog, thiab cov yam ntxwv deformation ntawm cov pob zeb ua vaj tse. Cov hlau fiber ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov ntim fiber ntawm 2.0%, thaum cov carbon fiber pob zeb ua vaj tse thiab basalt fiber pob zeb ua vaj tse tau mus txog lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm 1.0% thiab 0.5%, raws li. Tshaj li cov ntsiab lus zoo tshaj plaws no, kev ua tau zoo poob qis.
3. Kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob scanning electron microscopy (SEM) qhia tau hais tias qhov sib txuas ntawm cov fibers thiab cov cementitious matrix cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv macroscopic ntawm cov pob zeb ua vaj tse. Yog tias muaj cov fibers txaus, cov qauv network peb-seem hauv cov pob zeb ua vaj tse yuav ua rau cov matrix sib txuas thiab ua rau cov khoom siv matrix zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov fiber ntau dhau ua rau cov fiber sib sau ua ke, ua rau cov cheeb tsam tsis muaj zog thiab txo cov pob zeb ua vaj tse qhov ceev thiab lub zog. Cov kev hloov pauv hauv microstructure zoo sib xws nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv macroscopic.
4. Kev ntxiv cov fibers tau hloov pauv txoj kev ua tsis tiav ntawm cov pob zeb ua vaj tse. Piv rau cov pob zeb ua vaj tse yooj yim, cov pob zeb ua vaj tse fiber-reinforced tau pom tias muaj kev ruaj khov tom qab ua tsis tiav, nrog rau cov kab nrib pleb tsawg dua thiab nqaim dua, thiab muaj zog dua. Cov hlau fibers tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev tiv thaiv kab nrib pleb, ua raws li cov carbon fibers thiab basalt fibers. "Qhov cuam tshuam bridging" ntawm cov fibers tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab nrib pleb, thaum "qhov cuam tshuam tsis muaj zog" muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
