Nā Waiwai Mekanika a me nā ʻAno Hana Hāʻule o ka Beton i Hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka Fiber: Ka Mana o ke ʻAno Fiber a me ka ʻIke

ʻO ka sima ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia Kūkulu ʻana mea. Hāʻawi ia i nā pono he nui, me kona loaʻa ākea, ke kaʻina hana maʻalahi, ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, a me ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma nā ʻano like ʻole e like me nā hale, nā alanui, nā alahaka, nā tunnels, a me ka ʻenekinia hydraulic. I ka nui o nā papahana ʻenekinia i hoʻomohala ʻia, ua piʻi mālie hoʻi nā koi no ka hana o ka sima. No laila, ua ʻike ʻia nā hemahema o ka sima kuʻuna, e like me ka ikaika tensile lawa ʻole, ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me ka paʻa ʻole o ka leo. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o ka sima kekahi o nā kuhikuhi noiʻi koʻikoʻi i ka ʻenekinia kīwila.

No ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o ka sima, hoʻohui pinepine ʻia nā olonā e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona mau waiwai mechanical a me kona paʻa. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e komo pū me ʻO ke olonā kilas (SF), nā olonā synthetic (e like me nā olonā polypropylene), nā olonā mineral (e like me nā olonā basalt - BF), a me nā olonā kalapona (CF). Ua hoʻoikaika hou kēia ʻano hana i ka hana o ka sima hana kiʻekiʻe (HPC) a me ka sima hana kiʻekiʻe loa (UHPC).

Hiki i nā olonā, i kekahi ʻano, ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai mechanical o ka sima. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā ʻano olonā like ʻole a me nā ʻike e alakaʻi pono ai i nā loli koʻikoʻi i ko lākou hopena i nā waiwai mechanical o ka sima. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka ʻike fiber kūpono, ka pilina quantitative ma waena o nā palena pili a me nā waiwai mechanical, a me nā ʻano hana o ka sima i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka fiber e pono ai ka wehewehe hou aku. Ua noiʻi kēia haʻawina i nā olonā kalapona (CF), nā olonā basalt (BF), a me nā olonā kila (SF) ma ke ʻano he mau kumuhana noiʻi, e hoʻomākaukau ana i nā hāpana sima me nā ʻano fiber like ʻole. Ua koho ʻia kēia mau olonā ma muli o kā lākou hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana i hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi ʻia i ka sima a me ka hoʻohana ākea. Ma o nā hoʻokolohua loli i kāohi ʻia, ua kālailai ʻia nā hopena o ke ʻano fiber a me ka ʻike ma ka ikaika compressive, modulus elastic, a me ke ʻano hāʻule o ka sima. Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano hana loiloi kiʻi kikohoʻe a me ka scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ua ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o ka haki o ka sima i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka fiber i ka wā o nā hoʻokolohua, e alakaʻi ana i nā hopena penei:

1. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka sima maʻamau (PC), ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o nā olonā kila (SF), nā olonā kalapona (CF), a me nā olonā basalt Ua hoʻonui nui ʻo (BF) i nā waiwai mechanical o ka sima i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka fiber (FRC) a ua hoʻololi i kona ʻano hāʻule. Ua hoʻololi kēia mau olonā i ka compactness o ka sima a me nā ʻano compression pore mua. I ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka fiber, ua neʻe ke ʻano hāʻule mai ka brittle a i ka ductile. ʻO ke kiko hoʻololi koʻikoʻi he 0.5% no ka sima fiber kila (SFC) a me 1.0% no ka sima fiber kalapona (CFC) a me ka sima fiber basalt (BFC). No ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana mechanical, ʻo ka ʻike kūpono no nā olonā kila he 2.0%, no nā olonā kalapona 1.0%, a no nā olonā basalt 0.5%.

2. ʻOiai hiki i ka nui o ka fiber ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka compactness a me ka hiki ke hali i ka sima, hiki i ka nui o ka ʻike ke alakaʻi i kahi hanana "saturation", e hana ana i ka "agglomeration" fiber. Hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole kēia i nā ʻano kino o ka sima, ka ikaika, a me nā ʻano deformation. Ua hoʻokō ka sima fiber kila i ka hana kūpono ma kahi hapa nui o ka fiber o 2.0%, ʻoiai ua hōʻea ka sima fiber kalapona a me ka sima fiber basalt i kā lākou hana kūpono ma 1.0% a me 0.5%, kēlā me kēia. Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau ʻike kūpono, ua emi ka hana.

3. Ua hōʻike ka loiloi ʻana o ka Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) e pili nui ana ka pilina interfacial ma waena o nā fibers a me ka matrix cementitious i nā waiwai mechanical macroscopic o ka sima. ʻO ka nui kūpono o nā fibers e hana i kahi ʻano pūnaewele ʻekolu-dimensional paʻa i loko o ka sima, e hoʻonui ana i ka pilina o ka matrix a me ka hana holoʻokoʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka nui o ka fiber e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka fiber, e hana ana i nā wahi interfacial nāwaliwali a e hōʻemi ana i ka nui a me ka ikaika o ka sima. Ua kūlike loa nā loli i ka microstructure me ka ulu ʻana o nā waiwai mechanical macroscopic.

4. Ua hoʻololi nui ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā olonā i ke ʻano hāʻule o ka sima. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka sima maʻemaʻe, ua hōʻike ka sima i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka olonā i ka kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana, me nā māwae liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka haiki, a me ka paʻakikī i hoʻonui ʻia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā olonā kila i ka pale ʻana i ka māwae, ukali ʻia e nā olonā kalapona a me nā olonā basalt. Ua hoʻokani ka "hopena bridging" o nā olonā i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka kāohi ʻana i ka laha ʻana o ka māwae, ʻoiai ʻo ka "hopena interface nāwaliwali" he hopena maikaʻi ʻole ia i nā waiwai mechanical.