Mabhenefiti gumi epamusoro eBasalt Fiber

Basalt Fiber: Mabhenefiti gumi epamusoro

Basalt faibhaishinda inoenderera mberi yakagadzirwa neshinda yechisikigo Dombo reBasaltDombo racho rinonyungudutswa pa1450°C-1500°C uye robva rakweverwa kuburikidza neplatinum-rhodium alloy bushing nekumhanya kukuru. Fibre yakachena yebasalt inowanzova yebrown. Imhando itsva yefiber isina organic, inochengetedza nharaunda, ine simba repamusoro inoumbwa nemaoxides akadai sesilicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, iron oxide, uye titanium dioxide. Fibre inoenderera mberi yebasalt haina kungova nesimba rakawanda asiwo ine hunhu hwakanaka hwakadai sekuputira magetsi, kuramba ngura, uye kuramba kupisa kwakanyanya. Uyezve, maitiro ayo ekugadzira anogadzira marara mashoma uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye chigadzirwa chinoraswa chinogona kuora zvakasikwa pasina kukuvadza, zvichiita kuti chive chinhu chegirini uye chinodzivirira nharaunda. China yakanyora basalt fiber seimwe yefiber ina dzakakosha pakukura (pamwe chete necarbon fiber, aramid, uye ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene) uye yakawana kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri. Continuous basalt fiber ikozvino inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mufiber-reinforced composites, friction materials, shipbuilding, automotive industry, uye high-temperature uye protective applications.

1. Zvinhu Zvakawanda Zvisina Kugadzirwa

   Fiber yebasalt inogadzirwa nedombo rebasalt, iro rinowanikwa muhuwandu hwakawanda paNyika nepamwedzi. Izvi zvinoita kuti mitengo yezvinhu zvakagadziriswa isanyanye kuderera.

2. Zvinhu Zvisingakuvadzi Kuchengetedza Ruzivo

   Basalt Dombo idombo rechisikigo. Maitiro aro ekugadzira haaburitse boron kana mamwe maalkali metal oxides, saka guruva neutsi hazvina zvinhu zvinokuvadza uye hazvisvibisi mhepo. Chigadzirwa ichi chinogara kwenguva refu, zvichiita kuti chive chinhu chitsva chegirini chisina mutengo wakaderera, chinoshanda zvakanyanya, uye chakachena.

3. Kupisa Kwakanyanya uye Kuramba Mvura

   Kuenderera mberi faibha yebasalt inogona kushanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekupisa kubva -269°C kusvika 700°C (ine poindi yekunyorovesa ye960°C). Izvi zviri nani pane gfaibha yelass (-60°C kusvika 450°C) uye kabhoni fiber (yakanyanya 500°C). Zvinonyanya kukosha ndezvekuti, basalt fiber inochengetedza 80% yesimba rayo rekutanga mushure mekushanda pa600°C uye haiderere pa860°C. Inochengetedzawo simba rayo rakawanda mushure mekuiswa mumvura inopisa ye70°C.

4. Kugadzikana Kwakanaka Kwemakemikari uye Kuramba Kuora

   Fiber yeBasalt ine zvinhu zvakaita seK₂O, MgO, uye TiO₂, izvo zvinovandudza zvakanyanya kusimba kwayo mukuora kwemakemikari nemvura. Inogara kwenguva refu mumakemikari kupfuura fiber yegirazi, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine alkaline uye acidic. Fiber yeBasalt inoratidza kusimba kuri nani mukuora kwealkali mune saturated Ca(OH)₂ solutions uye simende.

5. Modulus Yakasimba uye Simba Rekusimba

   Basalt fiber's elastic modulus (9100-11000 kg/mm) yakakwira kupfuura yeE-glass fiber, asbestos, aramid, polypropylene, uye silicon fibers. Simba rayo rekudhonza (3800-4800 MPa) rakakura kupfuura relarge-tow carbon fiber, aramid, PBI fiber, steel fiber, boron fiber, uye alumina fiber, uye rakafanana neS-glass fiber. Nehuremu hwe2.65-3.00 g/cm³ uye kuomarara kweMohs kwe5-9, inopa kudzivirira kupfeka kwakanaka uye kusimbisa kudhonza. Simba rayo remakanika rinodarika zvakanyanya fibers dzechisikigo uye dzekugadzira, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chakakodzera chekusimbisa.

6. Kushanda Kwakanaka Kwekudzivirira Ruzha

   Fiber yebasalt inoenderera mberi ine hunhu hwakanaka hwekupinza ruzha uye ruzha. Kuwanda kwayo kwekupinza ruzha kunowedzera zvakanyanya kana ikawanda. Semuenzaniso, chinhu chinobata ruzha chakagadzirwa nefibers dzebasalt dzine dhayamita ye1-3 μm (ine density ye15 kg/m³ uye ukobvu hwe30 mm) chine coefficients dzekupinza ruzha dze0.05-0.15 pa100-300 Hz, 0.22-0.75 pa400-900 Hz, uye 0.85-0.93 pa1200-7000 Hz.

7. Zvivakwa Zvikuru zveDielectric

   Faibha yebasalt inoenderera mberiKudzivirira kwehuwandu hwemagetsi kwakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura fiber yegirazi reE, zvichipa hunhu hwayo hwe dielectric. Kunyangwe dombo rebasalt riine maokisijeni anofambisa magetsi angangoita 0.2%, kurapwa kwakakosha pamusoro nezvigadzirwa zvehukuru kunogona kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemagetsi ne50% zvichienzaniswa nefiber yegirazi, uye kudzivirira kwayo huwandu kwakakwirawo.

8. Kuenderana Kwechisikigo kweSilicate

   Inopararira zvakanaka uye inobatanidzwa zvakasimba nesimende nekongiri. Kukura kwayo kwekupisa uye kusimba kweganda zvinoenderana, uye inodzivirira mamiriro ekunze zvakanaka.

9. Kunyorova Kwakaderera

   Basalt fiber ine mwero wekunyudzwa kwemvura uri pasi pe0.1%, izvo zviri pasi pearamid fiber, rock wool, uye asbestos.

10. Kufambisa Kwekupisa Kwakaderera

    Kufambiswa kwemafuta ebasalt fiber kuri pakati pe0.031-0.038 W/m·K, izvo zviri pasi pearamid fiber, aruminiyamu silicate fiber, E-glass fiber, rock wool, silicon fiber, carbon fiber, uye stainless steel.