Ibyiza 10 by'ingenzi bya Fibre ya Basalt

Fibre ya Basalt: Ibyiza 10 bya mbere

Fibre ya basaltni fibre ikomeza gukoreshwa ikozwe mu buryo busanzwe Urutare rwa Basalt. Ibuye rishongeshwa kuri 1450°C-1500°C hanyuma rikanyuzwa mu cyuma gikozwe muri platine-rhodium alloy bushing ku muvuduko wo hejuru. Fibre ya basalt isanzwe iba ifite umukara. Ni ubwoko bushya bwa fibre idakomoka ku bidukikije, irinda ibidukikije, kandi ikora neza igizwe na oxyde nka silicon dioxide, aluminium oxyde, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, fer oxide, na titanium dioxide. Fibre ikomeza ya basalt ntabwo ifite imbaraga nyinshi gusa ahubwo ifite imiterere myiza nko gukingira amashanyarazi, kurwanya ingese, no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi. Byongeye kandi, uburyo ikorwamo butera imyanda mike n'umwanda uhumanya ibidukikije, kandi ibicuruzwa byajugunywe bishobora kwangirika mu buryo busanzwe nta ngaruka mbi, bigatuma biba ibikoresho by'icyatsi kibisi kandi birengera ibidukikije. Ubushinwa bwashyize fibre ya basalt mu rutonde rw'imigozi ine y'ingenzi yo guteza imbere (hamwe na fibre ya karuboni, aramide, na polyethylene ifite uburemere bwinshi) kandi bwageze ku musaruro w'inganda. Fibre ya basalt ihoraho ubu ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho bikomeza fibre, ibikoresho byo gushwanyagurika, kubaka amato, inganda z'imodoka, no mu bikorwa bikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi no kurinda.

1. Ibikoresho by'ibanze byinshi

   Fibre ya basalt ikorwa mu ibuye rya basalt, riboneka ku bwinshi ku Isi no ku kwezi. Ibi bituma ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho fatizo kigabanuka cyane.

2. Ibikoresho Bidahumanya ibidukikije

   Basalt Ibuye ni ibikoresho karemano. Uburyo bwo kurikora ntiburekura boroni cyangwa izindi okiside za alkali metal, bityo umukungugu n'umwotsi ntibiba birimo ibintu byangiza kandi ntibihumanya ikirere. Iki gicuruzwa kandi kimara igihe kirekire, bigatuma kiba ibikoresho bishya by'icyatsi bihendutse, bikora neza kandi bisukuye.

3. Ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubudahangarwa bw'amazi

   Ibihoraho fibre ya basalt ishobora gukora mu bushyuhe bwinshi buri hagati ya -269°C na 700°C (ifite aho yoroshya 960°C). Ibi biruta gfibre ya lass (-60°C kugeza 450°C) na fibre ya karuboni (ntarengwa 500°C). By’umwihariko, fibre ya basalt igumana 80% by’imbaraga zayo z’umwimerere nyuma yo gukora kuri 600°C kandi ntigabanuka kuri 860°C. Igumana kandi imbaraga nyinshi nyuma yo gushyirwa mu mazi ashyushye ya 70°C.

4. Ituze ry'ibinyabutabire n'ubudahangarwa bwabyo

   Fibre ya basalt irimo ibice nka K₂O, MgO, na TiO₂, binongera cyane ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya ingese n'amazi. Irakomera cyane kurusha fibre y'ibirahure, cyane cyane mu bidukikije bya alkaline na aside. Fibre ya basalt igaragaza ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese mu bisubizo bya Ca(OH)₂ byuzuye na sima.

5. Modulus yoroshye cyane n'imbaraga zo gukurura

   Modulus ya fibre ya basalt (9100-11000 kg/mm) iri hejuru y’iya fibre ya E-glass, asbestos, aramide, polypropylene, na silicon. Ingufu zayo zo gukurura (3800-4800 MPa) ziruta iz’ fibre nini ikurura karuboni, aramide, fibre ya PBI, fibre y’icyuma, fibre ya boron, na fibre ya alumina, kandi igereranywa n’iya fibre ya S-glass. Ifite ubucucike bwa 2.65-3.00 g/cm³ n’ubukana bwa Mohs bwa 5-9, itanga ubushobozi bwo kudashira no gukomeza gukurura. Ingufu zayo za mekanike zirenze kure fibre karemano n’izikoze mu nganda, bigatuma iba ibikoresho byiza byo gushimangira.

6. Imikorere myiza cyane yo gukingira amajwi

   Fibre ya basalt ikomeza ifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kwinjiza ijwi n'urusaku. Igipimo cyayo cyo kwinjiza ijwi kiriyongera cyane uko inshuro zigenda zihita. Urugero, ibikoresho bikurura ijwi bikozwe mu migozi ya basalt ifite umurambararo wa 1-3 μm (ifite ubucucike bwa 15 kg / m³ n'ubugari bwa mm 30) bifite igipimo cyo kwinjiza ijwi cya 0.05-0.15 kuri 100-300 Hz, 0.22-0.75 kuri 400-900 Hz, na 0.85-0.93 kuri 1200-7000 Hz.

7. Imiterere Ikomeye ya Dielectric

   Fibre ya basalt ihorahoUbushobozi bwo guhangana n’amazi buruta cyane fibre ya E-glass, buyiha imiterere myiza ya dielectric. Nubwo amabuye ya basalt afite hafi 0.2% bya oxyde zitwara amazi, uburyo bwihariye bwo gutunganya ubuso hakoreshejwe ingano bushobora kugabanya 50% by’igihombo cya dielectric ugereranije na fibre y’ikirahure, kandi ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’amazi buruta cyane.

8. Ubushobozi bwo guhuza imiterere ya silike karemano

   Iratatana neza kandi igafatana cyane na sima na sima. Ingano y'ubushyuhe bwayo n'igabanuka ryayo birahoraho, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ikirere neza.

9. Kumenya amazi make

   Fibre ya basalt ifite igipimo cyo kwinjiza ubushuhe kiri munsi ya 0.1%, kikaba kiri hasi ugereranije na fibre ya aramid, ubwoya bw'amabuye, na asbestos.

10. Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe buri hasi

    Ubushyuhe bwa fibre ya basalt ni 0.031-0.038 W/m·K, ikaba iri munsi y’iy’ifiriti ya aramid, fibre ya aluminiyumu silicate, fibre ya E-glass, ubwoya bw’amabuye, fibre ya silikoni, fibre ya karuboni, n’icyuma kitagira umugese.