He aha ka olonā basalt?

ʻO ka basalt, he pōhaku i hana ʻia mai ka hoʻomaʻalili ʻana o ka pele pele, ua nui ma ka Honua. Ma o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaha kiʻi maikaʻi ʻana, hana ʻia nā olonā basalt, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana e like me nā olonā aniani. Ma nā mahana kiʻekiʻe o 1450℃ a i 1500℃, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka pōhaku basalt a laila huki ʻia i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe ma o kahi spinneret alloy pale wela kiʻekiʻe e hana i nā olonā hoʻomau. Loaʻa i kēia mau olonā ka ikaika e like me nā olonā aniani ikaika kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka olonā basalt, ma ke ʻano he ʻano hou o ka mea fiber inorganic, aloha i ke kaiapuni, hana kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa nā ʻano oxides like ʻole e like me ka silicon dioxide, alumini oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, hao oxide, a me ka titanium dioxide, e hāʻawi ana iā ia i ke kino maikaʻi loa a me Kemika nā waiwai.
I haehae ʻia ʻO ke olonā basaltHe ākea nā noi a s, ʻaʻole wale no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka sima sima akā he mea hoʻoikaika hoʻi no ka sima asphalt. ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi o ka fiber basalt ke kī i kona nānā nui ʻia. Ma koʻu ʻāina, ua helu ʻia ka fiber basalt ma ke ʻano he hoʻokahi o nā fibers koʻikoʻi ʻehā no ka hoʻomohala ʻana, me ke fiber carbon, ka fiber aramid, a me ka fiber polyethylene kaumaha molekala kiʻekiʻe loa. He aha ka mea e kūikawā ai kēia mea i hiki ai iā ia ke noho i kahi ma waena o kēia mau fibers ʻehā? E ʻimi kākou i nā pono kupaianaha o ka fiber basalt.

1. Nā Kumuwaiwai Maka Nui

ʻO ka mea maka no ka hana ʻana i ka fiber basalt he basalt ore, kahi i loaʻa ma nā wahi āpau ma ka Honua a he nui nā waihona i mālama ʻia, e hopena ana i nā kumukūʻai maka haʻahaʻa.

2. Nā ʻano ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ke aloha i ke kaiapuni

Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ke kaha kiʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole hoʻokuʻu ka ʻaila basalt i nā mea ʻino, e lilo ia i mea aloha i ke kaiapuni a ʻaʻole hoʻohaumia. Eia kekahi, he kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa kāna huahana, haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai, a me ka hana maikaʻi loa, e lilo ia i ʻano mea ʻōmaʻomaʻo a aloha i ke kaiapuni.

3. Maikaʻi loa ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa haʻalulu wela

Hiki i ke olonā basalt ke hana paʻa i ka pae mahana o -260 a 880 ℃. ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia pae mahana ma mua o nā olonā aramid a me asbestos a kokoke i ka hana o ke olonā silicon, ke olonā silicate alumini, a me ke olonā seramika. I ka manawa like, hōʻike pū ia i ke kūpaʻa haʻalulu wela maikaʻi loa, e mālama ana i kona ʻano mua i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe o 500 ℃.

4. Kūlana Kemika Maikaʻi Loa

Hōʻike ka olonā basalt i ke kūpaʻa koʻikoʻi i nā waikawa a me nā alkalis, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā olonā alumini borosilicate. Eia kekahi, loaʻa iā ia ka lōʻihi maikaʻi loa, ke kūpaʻa i ka wā, ke kūpaʻa UV, ke kūpaʻa wai, a me ke kūpaʻa oxidation, e like me ka pōhaku basalt maoli.

5. Modulus Elastic maikaʻi loa a me ka ikaika Tensile

Hōʻike ka fiber basalt i ka ikaika tensile maikaʻi loa me ka hoʻololi tensile haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻoi aku kona ikaika tensile ma mua o nā fiber kalapona huki nui, nā fiber aramid, nā fiber kila, nā fiber boron, a me nā fiber alumina.

6. Hana Hoʻopili Leo Maikaʻi Loa

Hōʻike ka fiber basalt i nā hopena o ka hoʻopili leo a me ka insulation koʻikoʻi, e hōʻike ana i ka hana maikaʻi loa.

7. Nā Waiwai Hoʻokaʻawale Uila Maikaʻi Loa a me nā Waiwai Dielectric

Hōʻike ka olonā basalt i ka insulation uila a me nā waiwai dielectric koʻikoʻi, e lilo ia i mea insulating kiʻekiʻe.

8. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka Silicate kūlohelohe

He maikaʻi ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o ka olonā basalt a he ikaika ka pilina me ka sima a me ka sima, a kūlike kona mau coefficients hoʻonui wela a me nā contraction, e hopena ana i ka pale ʻana i ka wā maikaʻi loa.

9. Ke Kū'ē ʻana i ke aniau kiʻekiʻe

Hōʻike ka fiber basalt i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka wā, me ka emi ʻana o ka omo wai ma mua o nā fiber aramid, ka huluhulu pōhaku, a me ka asbestos, e hoʻomaikaʻi hou ana i kona kūpaʻa i nā hana kūpono.

10. Hoʻopaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe

Kū ka olonā basalt me ​​kona conductivity thermal haʻahaʻa, kahi ʻano i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā olonā aramid, nā olonā alumini silicate, nā olonā aniani alkali-free, ka huluhulu pōhaku, nā olonā silicon, nā olonā kalapona, a me ke kila kila.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole nele ka fiber basalt i kona mau palena. ʻOiai ke pani mālie nei ia i nā fiber aniani a me nā fiber asbestos ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoikaika makemake ʻia, ua kaupalena ʻia nā mea hope ma mua ma muli o ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i loko o nā māmā a me nā ʻōpū. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, hōʻike ka fiber basalt i ka palekana kiʻekiʻe ma kēia ʻano.

11. Nā noi no ka pale wela, ke kū'ē ʻana i ka mahana, a me ka pale ahi

ʻO ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe o olonā basalt e hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka pale wela, ke kūpaʻa wela, a me ka pale ahi. Hiki ke ulana ʻia i loko o nā lole pale ahi, e hāʻawi ana i ka pale i nā noi palekana ahi. I ka manawa like, hiki ke ulana ʻia nā olonā basalt i loko o nā ʻeke kānana wela kiʻekiʻe no ka kānana wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i kahi kaiapuni maʻemaʻe a palekana.
ʻAʻole wale nā ​​​​​​waiwai maikaʻi loa o nā olonā basalt i hōʻike ʻia i ko lākou kūpaʻa ʻana i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe akā i ko lākou hiki ke milo. Ma o nā ʻano hana hana kūikawā, hiki ke hana ʻia nā olonā basalt i mea sandwich i kapa ʻia ʻo "basalt fiber cotton." Loaʻa i kēia mea nā ʻano hana like ʻole i ke kūkulu ʻana, ka halihali, ka aerospace, a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, e hāʻawi nui ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana huahana a me ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ke ola lawelawe.

12. Nā noi ma ke kahua kūkulu hale

Ma muli o kona ikaika maikaʻi loa a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka palaho, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ke olonā basalt me ​​nā resins vinyl a i ʻole epoxy ma o nā kaʻina hana like ʻole e like me ke kaha kiʻi ʻana, ka extrusion, a me ka wili ʻana, e hana ana i nā mea hale hou. ʻAʻole ikaika wale kēia mau mea akā loaʻa iā lākou ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka waikawa a me ka alkali a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka palaho, e ʻae ana iā lākou e pani hapa i ka hoʻoikaika kila i ke kūkulu ʻenekinia kīwila. Eia kekahi, ua like ke koina hoʻonui o ke olonā basalt me ​​ko ka sima, e pale pono ana i ke kaumaha i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā loli o ka mahana.

13. Nā noi ma ke kahua kaʻa

Ma muli o kona coefficient friction paʻa, olonā basalt he kūpono loa ia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻonui friction, e like me nā paleki. I ka manawa like, ʻo kona coefficient omo leo kiʻekiʻe e lilo ia i koho kūpono no nā ʻāpana o loko o ke kaʻa, e hōʻemi pono ana i ka walaʻau. I loko o nā kalaka, nā lori, a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaʻa, ʻo nā puna lau nā mea nui e kuleana no ka hāpai ʻana a me ka hoʻouna ʻana i ke kaumaha a me ka torque o ka mōlina a me ke axle, i hana pinepine ʻia me nā papa kila silicon-manganese kiʻekiʻe. Eia nō naʻe, no nā kalaka māmā, ua puka mai kahi ʻano puna lau hou, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hui o ka fiber basalt a me ka epoxy resin, e hōʻemi nui ana i ke kaumaha.

14. Nā noi ma ke kahua Petrochemical

ʻO ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa o ka corrosion olonā basalt hoʻomālamalama ia i ke kahua petrochemical. Ma o ka hui pū ʻana me ka resin epoxy a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana wili a me ka compaction akamai, hana ʻia nā olonā basalt i mau paipu a me nā pahu kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole wale kēia mau huahana i nā waiwai insulation thermal maikaʻi loa akā pale maikaʻi hoʻi i ka palaho, e hoʻolōʻihi nui ana i ko lākou ola lawelawe. Eia kekahi, hana maikaʻi loa nā paipu aila i hana ʻia mai ka olonā basalt. ʻO ko lākou ikaika, ke kū'ē i ka palaho, a me ka ʻili laumania o loko e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka pono o ka halihali, ʻoiai ko lākou ʻano māmā e hōʻemi ana i nā kumukūʻai a hoʻonui i ka pono holoʻokoʻa. Ua lilo mālie kēia ʻano pipeline hou i pani no ke kila alloy a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana petrochemical.

15. Nā noi ma nā hale pākahiko

ʻO ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka pala, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka insulation kiʻekiʻe, a me nā ʻano māmā o ka fiber basalt e hoʻolilo i kāna mea i hui pū ʻia me ka epoxy resin i koho kūpono no nā hale pila kaʻa. ʻAʻole wale kēia mea i maʻalahi ke hana akā hoʻemi nui hoʻi i ke kaumaha o ka pila.

Hopena

ʻO ka olonā basalt, me kona ikaika kūikawā, ʻoʻoleʻa, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa i ka pala, a me nā waiwai māmā, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka "mea ʻoihana ʻōmaʻomaʻo" o ke kenekulia 21. Ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ka waiwai noi kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻano like ʻole, me ka aerospace, ka pūʻali koa, a me ka halihali alanui, a he aloha i ke kaiapuni a ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia. I kēia manawa, ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka noi o ka fiber basalt, a ke manaʻo ʻia nei e hoʻohana i kona mau pono kūikawā ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
1) I ke kaʻina hana kaha kiʻi, ʻeha nā papa kaha kiʻi kuʻuna i hana ʻia me nā mea "platinum" i ka ʻaʻahu nui a me ka haehae a he pipiʻi. No laila, pono e ʻimi i nā mea hou e kū i ke ʻaʻahu a me ke kū i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe e like me nā pani. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole nele kēlā mau mea; no ka laʻana, nā mea seramika me ka titanium carbide i hoʻohui ʻia, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, a i ʻole zirconium oxide e hoʻokō i kēia mau koi.
2) Ma muli o nā ʻokoʻa o ke ʻano o ka basalt mai nā wahi like ʻole, ʻokoʻa pū nā ʻōkuhi hana o nā olonā. No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka noi, pono mākou e hana i nā hana multifaceted. ʻO ka mea mua, pono e hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻōkuhi hana kikoʻī no ka olonā basalt no kēlā me kēia huahana noi. ʻO ka lua, pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻike kikoʻī e pili ana i nā ʻōkuhi hana āpau no kēlā me kēia pūʻulu o ka olonā i hana ʻia no ka ʻike mea hoʻohana. Eia kekahi, no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maʻamau o ka hana o ka olonā, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻāpana inorganic i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana.