Yintoni i-basalt fiber?

I-Basalt, ilitye elenziwe ngokuphola kwe-lava yentaba-mlilo, lininzi eMhlabeni. Ngokunyibilika kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nomzobo omncinci, iifayibha ze-basalt ziyaveliswa, kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokuvelisa efana neyeefayibha zeglasi. Kubushushu obuphezulu obuyi-1450℃ ukuya kwi-1500℃, ilitye le-basalt liyanyibilika lize emva koko litsalwe ngesantya esiphezulu nge-alloy spinneret enganyangekiyo kubushushu obuphezulu ukuvelisa iifayibha eziqhubekayo. Ezi fayibha zinamandla afana neefayibha zeglasi ezinamandla aphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, ifayibha ye-basalt, njengohlobo olutsha lwezinto zefayibha ezingaphiliyo, ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, ezisebenza kakuhle, ziqulethe ii-oxide ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-silicon dioxide, i-aluminium oxide, i-calcium oxide, i-magnesium oxide, i-iron oxide, kunye ne-titanium dioxide, nto leyo eyinika amandla angcono kakhulu emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Ikhemikhali iipropati.
Inqunqiwe I-Basalt FiberIi-s zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, kungekuphela nje ekuqiniseni ikhonkrithi yesamente kodwa nakwizinto zokuqinisa ikhonkrithi ye-asphalt. Ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kwe-basalt fiber yeyona nto iphambili ekuqwalaselweni kwayo ngokubanzi. Kwilizwe lam, i-basalt fiber idweliswe njengenye yeefayibha ezine ezibalulekileyo zophuhliso, kunye ne-carbon fiber, i-aramid fiber, kunye ne-polyethylene fiber enobunzima obuphezulu kakhulu. Yintoni eyenza le nto ikhetheke kangaka kangangokuba inokuba yindawo phakathi kwezi fayibha zine? Makhe sihlolisise iingenelo ezimangalisayo ze-basalt fiber.

1. Izixhobo ezininzi zezixhobo eziluhlaza

Izinto ezisetyenziswa ekuveliseni i-basalt fiber yi-basalt ore, efumaneka ngokubanzi eMhlabeni kwaye inemithombo emininzi yokugcina izinto, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iindleko zezinto ezisetyenziswayo ziphantsi kakhulu.

2. Iimpawu eziluhlaza nezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo

Emva kokunyibilika nokutsala, i-basalt ore ayikhuphi naziphi na izinto eziyingozi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye ingangcolisi. Ukongeza, iimveliso zayo zinokuqina okuhle, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe luhlobo olutsha olufanelekileyo lwezinto eziluhlaza nezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.

3. Ukumelana okugqwesileyo kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuzinza komothuko obushushu

Ifayibha yeBasalt inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo kubushushu obuphakathi kwe--260 ukuya kwi-880℃. Olu bushushu bubanzi ludlula kakhulu obo befayibha ye-aramid kunye ne-asbestos kwaye lusondele ekusebenzeni kwefayibha ye-silicon, ifayibha ye-aluminium silicate, kunye nefayibha ye-ceramic. Kwangaxeshanye, ikwabonisa uzinzo oluhle kakhulu lobushushu, igcina imo yayo yokuqala kubushushu obuphezulu be-500℃.

4. Uzinzo oluBalaseleyo lweeKhemikhali

Ifayibha yeBasalt ibonakalisa ukumelana okugqwesileyo nee-asidi kunye ne-alkalis, iphumelela ngaphezu kweefayibha ze-aluminium borosilicate. Ngaphezu koko, inamandla agqwesileyo, ukumelana nemozulu, ukumelana ne-UV, ukumelana namanzi, kunye nokumelana ne-oxidation, xa kuthelekiswa nelitye lendalo le-basalt.

5. I-Elastic Modulus Egqwesileyo kunye Nokuqina Kokuxinana

I-Basalt fiber ibonakalisa amandla okutsalwa agqwesileyo kunye nokuguquguquka okuncinci kokutsalwa. Okuphawulekayo kukuba, amandla ayo okutsalwa adlula lawo e-large-tow carbon fibers, i-aramid fibers, i-steel fibers, i-boron fibers, kunye ne-alumina fibers.

6. Ukusebenza Okugqwesileyo Kokufunxa Isandi

I-Basalt fiber ibonisa imiphumo ebalulekileyo yokufunxa isandi kunye nokukhusela, ebonisa ukusebenza okuphezulu.

7. Ukufakwa kombane okugqwesileyo kunye neempawu zeDielectric

I-basalt fiber ibonisa ukugquma kombane okugqwesileyo kunye neempawu ze-dielectric, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yinto yokukhusela yomgangatho ophezulu.

8. Ukuhambelana kweSilicate yendalo

I-basalt fiber inokusasazeka kakuhle kwaye ibophana ngokuqinileyo nesamente kunye nekhonkrithi, kwaye ukwanda kwayo kobushushu kunye nee-coefficients zokuqiniswa ziyafana, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ikwazi ukumelana nemozulu kakuhle.

9. Ukumelana nemozulu okugqwesileyo

Ifayibha yeBasalt ibonakalisa ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nemozulu, ngokufunxwa komswakama okuncinci kunefayibha ye-aramid, uboya belitye, kunye ne-asbestos, nto leyo ephucula ngakumbi uzinzo lwayo kwiindlela ezisebenzayo.

10. Ubushushu obuphezulu

Ifayibha yeBasalt iyabonakala ngenxa yokuqhuba kwayo ubushushu obuphantsi, uphawu oluphezulu kunefayibha ze-aramid, iifayibha ze-aluminium silicate, iifayibha zeglasi ezingena-alkali, uboya belitye, iifayibha ze-silicon, iifayibha zekhabhoni, kunye nentsimbi engatyiwayo.
Nangona kunjalo, i-basalt fiber ayinazo izithintelo zayo. Nangona ithatha indawo ye-glass fibers kunye ne-asbestos fibers kancinci kancinci njengezinto ezikhethwayo zokuqinisa, le yokugqibela yayinciphile ngaphambili ngenxa yomngcipheko wokuba amasuntswana amancinci angene emiphungeni nasemathunjini. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-basalt fiber ibonisa ukhuseleko oluphezulu kule nkalo.

11. Ukufakwa kobushushu, ukuxhathisa ubushushu, kunye nezicelo zokukhusela umlilo

Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu ifayibha yebasalt yenza ukuba isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-thermal insulation, ukumelana nobushushu, kunye nokukhusela umlilo. Ingalukwa ibe ngamalaphu angatshiyo, inika ukhuseleko kwizicelo zokhuseleko lomlilo. Kwangaxeshanye, iifayibha ze-basalt zingalukwa zibe ziingxowa zesihluzo ezishushu kakhulu ukuze zihluzwe kubushushu obuphezulu kwaye zisuswe uthuli, ukuqinisekisa indawo ecocekileyo nekhuselekileyo.
Iimpawu ezintle zeefayibha zebasalt azibonakali nje kuphela ekumelaneni kwazo nobushushu obuphezulu kodwa nakwindlela ezisebenza ngayo. Ngeendlela ezikhethekileyo zokucubungula, iifayibha zebasalt zinokwenziwa zibe yimpahla yesandwich ebizwa ngokuba yi "basalt fiber cotton." Le nto ineendlela ezininzi zokusetyenziswa ekwakheni, ekuthuthweni, kwi-aerospace, nakwezinye iindawo, inegalelo elikhulu ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo.

12. Izicelo kwiCandelo loLwakhiwo

Ngenxa yamandla ayo agqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, ifayibha ye-basalt inokuhlanganiswa ne-vinyl okanye i-epoxy resins ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokuzoba, ukukhupha, kunye nokujika, ukudala izixhobo zokwakha ezintsha. Ezi zinto azinamandla nje kuphela kodwa zikwanazo nokumelana okuhle kwe-asidi kunye ne-alkali kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, okuvumela ukuba zithathe indawo yokuqiniswa kwentsimbi kwizakhiwo zobunjineli bokwakha. Ukongeza, i-coefficient yokwandiswa kwefayibha ye-basalt ifana neyekhonkrithi, ithintela ngempumelelo uxinzelelo olubangelwa kukutshintsha kobushushu.

13. Izicelo kwiCandelo leeMoto

Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuqinileyo kokungqubana, ifayibha yebasalt ifanelekile kakhulu ekwenzeni izinto eziphucula ukungqubana, ezifana nee-brake pads. Kwangaxeshanye, i-coefficient yayo yokufunxa isandi esiphezulu yenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiindawo zangaphakathi zeemoto, nto leyo enciphisa ingxolo ngempumelelo. Kwiilori, iilori, okanye iibhasi, ii-leaf springs zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezinoxanduva lokuthwala nokudlulisa ubunzima kunye ne-torque yesakhelo kunye ne-axle, ezihlala zenziwe ngeepleyiti zentsimbi ye-silicon-manganese alloy ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiilori ezikhaphukhaphu, kuye kwavela uhlobo olutsha lwe-leaf spring, kusetyenziswa izinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-basalt fiber kunye ne-epoxy resin, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ubunzima.

14. Izicelo kwiCandelo lePetrochemical

Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala ifayibha yebasalt yenza ukuba ikhanye kwintsimi ye-petrochemical. Ngokudityaniswa ne-epoxy resin kunye nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuntsonkothileyo bokujika kunye nokuxinana, iifayibha ze-basalt zenziwa iipayipi kunye neetanki ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ezi mveliso azinazo nje kuphela iimpawu zokuthintela ubushushu obuhle kodwa zikwamelana nokugqwala ngempumelelo, zandisa ubomi bazo benkonzo. Ngaphezu koko, iipayipi zeoyile ezenziwe ngefayibha ye-basalt nazo zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Amandla azo, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nomphezulu wangaphakathi ogudileyo ziphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kothutho, ngelixa ubume bazo obulula bunciphisa iindleko kwaye bunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle ngokubanzi. Olu hlobo lutsha lwepayipi luye lwaba yindawo yentsimbi ye-alloy kwaye lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini le-petrochemical.

15. Izicelo kwiindawo zokuhlala iibhetri

Ukumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo, amandla aphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu, kunye neempawu ezikhaphukhaphu zefayibha ye-basalt kwenza izinto zayo ezidityanisiweyo ezine-epoxy resin zibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiindawo zebhetri yemoto. Ezi zinto azilula nje ukuzicubungula kodwa zinciphisa kakhulu ubunzima bebhetri.

Isiphelo

Ifayibha yeBasalt, ngenxa yamandla ayo angaqhelekanga, ukuqina, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye neempawu ezikhaphukhaphu, idunyiswa njenge "zinto zoshishino eziluhlaza" zenkulungwane yama-21. Ibonakalise ixabiso eliphezulu lokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya inqwelo moya, ezomkhosi, kunye nezothutho lwendlela, kwaye inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye ayinatyhefu. Okwangoku, uphuhliso lokusetyenziswa kwefayibha ye-basalt lusaqhubeka, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba isebenzise izibonelelo zayo ezikhethekileyo kwiindawo ezininzi kwixesha elizayo.
1) Kwinkqubo yokuzoba, iipleyiti zokuzoba zemveli ezenziwe ngezinto "zeplatinum" zinengxaki yokuguguleka kakhulu kwaye zibiza kakhulu. Ke ngoko, kukho imfuneko yokufumana izinto ezintsha ezimelana nokuguguleka kunye nezimelana nobushushu obuphezulu njengezinye. Enyanisweni, ezo zinto azinqongophala; umzekelo, izinto zeseramikhi ezine-titanium carbide eyongeziweyo, i-silicon carbide, i-silicon nitride, okanye i-zirconium oxide ziyahlangabezana nezi mfuno.
2) Ngenxa yokwahluka kokwakheka kwe-basalt kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, izalathisi zokusebenza zeefayibha nazo zahlukile. Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wokusetyenziswa, kufuneka senze imizamo emininzi. Okokuqala, izalathisi zokusebenza ezithile zefayibha ye-basalt kufuneka zimiselwe kwimveliso nganye yesicelo. Okwesibini, ulwazi oluneenkcukacha kuzo zonke izalathisi zokusebenza kufuneka lunikezelwe kwibhetshi nganye yefayibha eveliswayo ukuze isetyenziswe ngumsebenzisi. Ngaphezu koko, ukuqinisekisa ukubekwa emgangathweni kokusebenza kwefayibha, izinto ezingaphiliyo zingongezwa ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa ukuze zilungiswe.