Fibre ya basalt ni iki?

Basalt, ibuye ryakozwe mu gukonja kw'ibirunga, riri ku Isi. Binyuze mu gushonga no gukurura neza, imigozi ya basalt irakorwa, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukora nk'ubw'imigozi y'ibirahure. Ku bushyuhe buri hagati ya 1450℃ na 1500℃, ibuye rya basalt rirashongeshwa hanyuma rikakururwa ku muvuduko mwinshi binyuze mu cyuma gipima ubushyuhe bwinshi kugira ngo rikore imigozi ihoraho. Iyi migozi ifite imbaraga zingana n'imigozi y'ibirahure ikomeye cyane. Byongeye kandi, fibre ya basalt, nk'ubwoko bushya bw'imigozi idakora, itangiza ibidukikije, kandi ikora neza cyane, irimo ogisijeni zitandukanye nka silicon dioxide, aluminium oxyde, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, icyuma, na titanium dioxide, bigatuma iba nziza cyane kandi ikora neza. Ubutabire imitungo.
Yaciwemo uduce Fibre ya Basalts zifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha, atari mu gukomeza sima ya sima gusa ahubwo no mu gushimangira sima ya asphalt. Imikorere myiza ya fibre ya basalt ni yo mpamvu ituma abantu benshi bayireba. Mu gihugu cyanjye, fibre ya basalt yashyizwe ku rutonde rw'imigozi ine y'ingenzi yo guteza imbere, hamwe na fibre ya karuboni, fibre ya aramid, na fibre ya polyethylene ifite uburemere bwinshi cyane. Ni iki gituma iki gikoresho kiba umwihariko ku buryo gishobora gufata umwanya muri iyi migozi ine? Reka turebe ibyiza bitangaje bya fibre ya basalt.

1. Umutungo w'ibikoresho fatizo byinshi

Ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora fibre ya basalt ni amabuye y'agaciro ya basalt, aboneka cyane ku Isi kandi afite ububiko bwinshi, bigatuma ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho fatizo kiri hasi cyane.

2. Ibiranga ibidukikije n'ibidukikije

Nyuma yo gushonga no gukurura, amabuye ya basalt ntarekura ibintu byangiza, bigatuma aba meza ku bidukikije kandi adahumanya ibidukikije. Byongeye kandi, ibicuruzwa byayo biramba neza, bihendutse, kandi bikora neza cyane, bigatuma iba ubwoko bushya bwiza bw'ibikoresho by'icyatsi kibisi kandi bitangiza ibidukikije.

3. Ubudahangarwa bwiza bw'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushyuhe buhamye

Fibre ya basalt ishobora gukora neza mu bushyuhe buri hagati ya -260 na 880°C. Ubu bushyuhe bunini burenze kure ubw'imigozi ya aramid na asbestos kandi buri hafi imikorere ya fibre ya silikoni, fibre ya silicate ya aluminiyumu, na fibre ya ceramic. Muri icyo gihe, inagaragaza ubushyuhe burambye, igumana imiterere yayo ya mbere ku bushyuhe bwinshi bwa 500°C.

4. Gukomera cyane mu bya shimi

Fibre ya basalt irwanya aside na alkali cyane, ikaba irusha fibre ya borosilicate ya aluminiyumu. Byongeye kandi, ifite kuramba cyane, irwanya ikirere, irwanya imirasire ya UV, irwanya amazi, kandi irwanya ogisijeni, nk'uko bimeze ku ibuye rya basalt karemano.

5. Modulus nziza cyane yo gushonga no gukomera kw'ingufu

Fibre ya basalt igaragaza imbaraga nziza zo gukurura hamwe no guhindagurika guke cyane kw'imitsi. Ikigaragara ni uko imbaraga zayo zo gukurura ziruta iz'imitsi minini ikurura karuboni, imitsi ya aramide, imitsi y'icyuma, imitsi ya boron, n'imitsi ya alumina.

6. Uburyo bwiza bwo kwinjiza amajwi

Fibre ya basalt igaragaza ingaruka zikomeye zo kwinjiza ijwi no gukingira, bigaragaza imikorere myiza cyane.

7. Uburyo bwiza bwo gukingira amashanyarazi n'imiterere ya Dielectric

Fibre ya basalt igaragaza ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo gukingira amashanyarazi n'ubushobozi bwo guhindura amashanyarazi, bigatuma iba ibikoresho byiza byo gukingira amashanyarazi.

8. Guhuza Silika karemano

Fibre ya basalt ishobora gukwirakwira neza kandi ifatanye neza na sima na beto, kandi ubushyuhe bwayo n'ingufu zayo birahindagurika, bigatuma idahura n'ikirere neza.

9. Ubudahangarwa bw'ikirere buhanitse

Fibre ya basalt irwanya ikirere neza, ifite ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura amazi make ugereranyije n’imigozi ya aramid, ubwoya bw’amabuye, na asbestos, bityo irushaho kunoza uburyo ikoreshwa mu buryo bufatika.

10. Ubushyuhe bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru

Fibre ya Basalt iragaragara cyane kubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutwara ubushyuhe buke, ikaba irusha imigozi ya aramide, imigozi ya aluminiyumu silicate, imigozi y'ibirahure idafite alkali, ubwoya bw'amabuye, imigozi ya silikoni, imigozi ya karuboni, n'icyuma kitagira umugese.
Ariko, fibre ya basalt ntabwo idafite imbogamizi zayo. Nubwo igenda isimbuza fibre y'ikirahure n'inyuzi za asbestos nk'ibikoresho bikururwa cyane, iya nyuma yari isanzwe igabanijwe bitewe n'ibyago byo guhumeka uduce duto tw'ingufu mu bihaha no mu mara. Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, fibre ya basalt igaragaza umutekano wo hejuru muri uru rwego.

11. Gukingira ubushyuhe, kurwanya ubushyuhe, no kurinda inkongi y'umuriro

Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa fibre ya basalt Bituma ikoreshwa cyane mu bijyanye no gukingira ubushyuhe, kurwanya ubushyuhe, no kurinda inkongi. Ishobora kubohwa mu myenda idashya, ikabarinda mu bikorwa byo kwirinda inkongi. Muri icyo gihe, insinga za basalt zishobora no kubohwa mu mifuka ikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi kugira ngo iyungururwe mu bushyuhe bwinshi kandi ikurweho ivumbi, bityo ibidukikije bibe bisukuye kandi bitekanye.
Imiterere myiza y'imigozi ya basalt ntigaragarira gusa mu guhangana kwayo n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ahubwo igaragarira no mu buryo bwo kuyizunguruka. Binyuze mu buryo bwihariye bwo kuyitunganya, imigozi ya basalt ishobora gukorwamo ibikoresho bya sandwich byitwa "ipamba rya basalt fibre." Ibi bikoresho bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kubikoresha mu bwubatsi, gutwara abantu, indege, n'ibindi bikorwa, bitanga umusanzu ukomeye mu kunoza imikorere y'ibicuruzwa no kongera igihe cyo kubikoresha.

12. Gusaba ubufasha mu bijyanye n'ubwubatsi

Bitewe n'imbaraga zayo nziza no kurwanya ingese, fibre ya basalt ishobora guhuzwa na vinyl cyangwa epoxy resins binyuze mu nzira zitandukanye nko gukurura, gusohora, no guhinga, bigatuma ibikoresho bishya by'ubwubatsi bikomera. Ibi bikoresho ntibikomeye gusa ahubwo bifite kandi aside na alkali birwanya ingese neza, bigatuma bisimbura igice cy'icyuma gikomeza imbaraga mu bwubatsi bw'ubwubatsi. Byongeye kandi, coefficient yo kwaguka kwa fibre ya basalt isa n'iya beto, bityo birinda neza stress iterwa n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe.

13. Porogaramu mu bijyanye n'imodoka

Bitewe n'uko ifite ubushobozi bwo gukururana buhamye, fibre ya basalt ikwiriye cyane mu gukora ibikoresho byongera imbaraga, nka pads za feri. Muri icyo gihe, ubushobozi bwayo bwo gufata ijwi rirenga butuma iba amahitamo meza ku bice by'imbere by'imodoka, bigabanyiriza urusaku neza. Mu makamyo, amakamyo, cyangwa bisi, amasoko y'amababi ni ibice by'ingenzi bishinzwe gutwara no kohereza uburemere n'imbaraga by'umurabyo n'umutambiko, ubusanzwe bikozwe mu byuma bya silikoni-manganese alloy. Ariko, ku makamyo yoroheje, havutse ubwoko bushya bw'isoko y'amababi, hakoreshejwe fibre ya basalt na epoxy resin, bigabanya uburemere cyane.

14. Ikoreshwa mu rwego rwa peteroli

Ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kwangirika kwa fibre ya basalt bituma irabagirana mu rwego rwa peteroli. Binyuze mu guhuza na epoxy resin no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gufunga no gufunga, imigozi ya basalt ikorwamo imiyoboro n'ibigega bifite umuvuduko mwinshi. Ibi bicuruzwa ntibifite gusa ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukingira ubushyuhe ahubwo binarwanya ingese neza, bikongera igihe cyo kuyikoresha. Byongeye kandi, imiyoboro ya peteroli ikozwe muri fibre basalt nayo ikora neza cyane. Ingufu zayo, kurwanya ingese, n'ubuso bwayo bworoshye imbere birushaho kunoza imikorere y'ubwikorezi, mu gihe imiterere yayo yoroshye igabanya ikiguzi kandi yongera imikorere myiza muri rusange. Ubu bwoko bushya bw'imiyoboro bwagiye busimbura icyuma cya alloy kandi bukoreshwa cyane mu nganda za peteroli.

15. Porogaramu mu mazu y'amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu kubaga bateri

Kuba irwanya ingese neza, imbaraga nyinshi, ubushyuhe buhanitse, hamwe n’imiterere yoroheje ya fibre ya basalt bituma ibikoresho byayo bivanze hamwe na epoxy resin biba amahitamo meza yo gupfunyika bateri z’imodoka. Iki gikoresho nticyoroshye gusa gutunganya ahubwo kinagabanya uburemere bwa bateri cyane.

Umwanzuro

Fibre ya basalt, ifite imbaraga zidasanzwe, gukomera kwayo, ubushyuhe bwinshi, kurwanya ingese, n'ubushobozi bwayo bworoshye, yiswe "ibikoresho by'icyatsi kibisi" byo mu kinyejana cya 21. Yagaragaje akamaro kayo mu nzego zitandukanye, harimo indege, igisirikare, n'ubwikorezi bwo mu muhanda, kandi irinda ibidukikije kandi ntigira uburozi. Kuri ubu, iterambere ry'imitako ya basalt riracyakomeje, kandi byitezwe ko izakoresha inyungu zayo zidasanzwe mu nzego nyinshi mu gihe kizaza.
1) Mu gushushanya, ibyuma bisanzwe bishushanya bikozwe mu bikoresho bya "platine" birashaje cyane kandi birahenze. Kubwibyo, hakenewe gushaka ibikoresho bishya bidashobora kwangirika cyangwa bidashobora gushyuha cyane nkibisimbura. Mu byukuri, ibikoresho nkibyo ntibibura; urugero, ibikoresho bya ceramic byongewemo titanium carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cyangwa zirconium oxide byujuje ibi bisabwa.
2) Bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'imiterere ya basalt mu turere dutandukanye, ibipimo by'imikorere y'imigozi nabyo biratandukanye. Kugira ngo tumenye neza ko ikoreshwa ryayo rikora neza, tugomba gushyiraho imbaraga nyinshi. Ubwa mbere, ibipimo by'imikorere byihariye bya basalt bigomba gushyirwaho kuri buri gicuruzwa gikoreshwa. Icya kabiri, amakuru arambuye ku bipimo byose by'imikorere bigomba gutangwa kuri buri gice cya fibre ikorwa kugira ngo abayikoresha bayikoreshe. Byongeye kandi, kugira ngo hamenyekane ko fibre ikora neza, ibice bidafite umwimerere bishobora kongerwamo mu gihe cyo gushonga kugira ngo bikosorwe.