Yintoni amandla okuqina e-basalt mineral fiber?

Ukomelela kwe i-basalt mineral fiberssisihloko esifuna ukucazululwa kwiimbono ezininzi. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuba amandla e-tensile abhekiselele kuxinzelelo oluphezulu loxinzelelo olunokumelana nesixhobo ngaphambi kokuqhekeka. Kuba IFayibha yeBasalts, eli xabiso liphakathi2000 MPa kunye 4800 MPa. Ixabiso elithile liphenjelelwa zizinto ezifana nokubunjwa kwezinto ezikrwada, inkqubo yokuvelisa, kunye nedayimitha yefiber.

Kutheni usenza imicu yebasaltunamandla okuzibamba aphezulu kangaka? Oku kuhambelana ngokusondeleyo kwi-microstructure yabo. I-Basalt ngokwayo iliwa le-volcanic elinezinto eziphambili ezibandakanya i-silicon dioxide, i-aluminium oxide, kunye ne-iron oxide. Emva kokunyibilika kobushushu obuphezulu, ezi zixhobo zenza ulwakhiwo oluqhubekayo lomnatha olunamacala amathathu, olunika ifayibha ubungqongqo obuphezulu. Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza ngexesha le Ukwenziwa kweFayibha Inkqubo yenza ulungelelwaniso lwemolekyuli luxinene, luphucula ngakumbi iimpawu zalo zomatshini.

Izinto ezithile ezichaphazela amandla okuqina zinokujongwa kule miba ilandelayo:

1. Ukuqulunqwa kweMathiriyeli ekrwada: Ukubunjwa kwe-basalt ore ukusuka kwimvelaphi eyahlukeneyo kuyahluka. Ngokubanzi, izinto eziluhlaza kunye nomxholo we-silicon dioxide phakathi kwe-46% kunye ne-52% zivelisa iifayili ezinamandla angcono. Isiqulatho se-iron oxide ephezulu ngokugqithisileyo sinokukhokelela ekwehleni kwamandla.

2. Inkqubo yeMveliso: Ubushushu obunyibilikayo bulawulwa kakuhle kwi-1400-1500 ° C. Ukuba iqondo lokushisa liphantsi kakhulu, i-viscosity enyibilikayo iya kuba phezulu, yenza umzobo ube nzima; ukuba iphezulu kakhulu, inokubangela ukuguquguquka kwecandelo. Isantya somzobo sikwayipharamitha ephambili; ukuba ikhawuleza kakhulu, idiameter yefiber iya kuba ingalingani.

3. IFiber Diameter: Iifayibha zebasalt ngobubanzi obuqhelekileyo be-9-13 microns banomsebenzi odumileyo wamandla obunzima. Nangona ngokwethiyori iintsinga ezibhityileyo zinamandla aphezulu, ziqhelene neziphene kwimveliso yokwenyani.

4. Unyango loMphezulu: Ezinye iimveliso ziphathwa ngengubo engaphezulu, ekhusela zombini i-fiber kwaye ingaba nefuthe elithile kumandla ayo.

Kwizicelo eziphathekayo, indlela yokukhetha okulungileyo i-basalt fiber? Oku kufuneka kumiselwe ngokusekelwe kusetyenziso oluthile. Kwizicelo ezifuna amandla aphezulu, njengezinto zokuqiniswa kwesakhiwo, kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe iimveliso ezinamandla angaphezu kwe-4000 MPa. Ngeenjongo eziqhelekileyo, ezifana nezixhobo zokugquma, imfuno yamandla inokwehliswa ngokufanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba idatha yovavanyo lwaselabhoratri inokwahluka ekusebenzeni kwiindawo zokusetyenziswa ngokwenene. Izinto ezinje ngobushushu, ukufuma, kunye nomthwalo wexesha elide zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwefiber.

Ngokuphathelele uthelekiso lwe i-basalt fiber amandla kunye nezinye iintsinga, iingongoma ezimbalwa eziqhelekileyo zedatha zingasetyenziselwa ireferensi: amandla okuqina e-E-glass fiber eqhelekileyo malunga ne-3000 MPa, i-S-glass fiber inokufikelela kwi-4500 MPa, kunye ne-carbon fiber phakathi kwe-3000-7000 MPa. Ukusuka kulo mbono, amandla e-basalt fiber akwinqanaba eliphakathi ukuya phezulu. Nangona kunjalo, iingenelo zayo ziphantsi kweendleko zemathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nokuxhathisa okungcono kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali.

Ngokubhekiselele kulawulo lomgangatho, indlela yokuvavanya i-fiber-fiber enye isetyenziselwa ukumisela amandla. Ngexesha lokuvavanya, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwinkqubo yokulungiselela isampula ukuphepha ukuqaliswa kweziphene ngenxa yezinto zabantu. Imigangatho yeshishini ngokubanzi ifuna uvavanyo ubuncinci bemicu engama-50 kwaye ithatha ixabiso eliphakathi njengesiphumo sokugqibela. Ekubeni kukho i-discreteness ethile kumandla wefiber, eli nani leemvavanyo linokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwedatha.

Ngokumalunga neendlela zophuhliso lwexesha elizayo, abaphandi bazama ukuphucula ngakumbi amandla e-basalt fibers ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezifana ne-nanomodification kunye ne-composite spinning. Ngokomzekelo, ukongeza inani elincinci lamacandelo akhethekileyo kwizinto eziluhlaza kunokwandisa iimpawu zokunyibilika; usebenzisa itekhnoloji yomzobo yoncedo lwe-electromagnetic inokuphucula ukufana kolwakhiwo lwefiber. Nangona ezi nkqubo zintsha zisekwinqanaba lelebhu, zibonisa amathuba amahle okufakwa kwezicelo.

Ukugcinwa kwamandla e-tensile kukwayinkxalabo kubasebenzisi. Idatha yovavanyo ibonisa ukuba kwindawo eyomileyo kwiqondo lokushisa, izinga lokugcinwa kwamandla umgangatho ophezulu we-basalt fibers isenokufikelela ngaphezulu kwama-90% emva kweminyaka elishumi. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zokushisa okanye ezonakalisayo, eli xabiso liya kuncipha. Ngoko ke, kwizicelo zobunjineli zangempela, amanyathelo afanelekileyo okukhusela kufuneka akhethwe ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zokusingqongileyo.

Ekugqibeleni, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba nangona i-basalt fiber inamandla aphezulu, ukusebenza kwe-interfacial bonding kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kwiimveliso ezithile. Ngokomzekelo, kwizicelo zokuqiniswa kwekhonkrithi, amandla okudibanisa phakathi kwefiber kunye ne-matrix ngokuqhelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu kunamandla efiber ngokwayo. Oku kufuneka kuphuculwe ngonyango olungaphezulu okanye ukongezwa kwee-agent ezidibanisayo.