Kev Sib Tham Txog Hlau Thiab Pob Zeb? Basalt Fiber Tab Tom Ua Rau Muaj "Kev Hloov Pauv Khoom Siv" Hauv Cov Chaw Tsim Kho Vaj Tse Qis.

Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev nce qib sai ntawm "kev lag luam qis-qhov siab," kev tsim kho vaj tse - xws li drone takeoff thiab landing sites, dav hlau dav hlau, low-altitude logistics hubs, thiab navigation thiab kev sib txuas lus towers - tab tom pom kev nce siab ntawm kev thov. Cov chaw no yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau tseem ceeb rau Sib dua tsim, lub zog siab, thiab lub neej ntev, tab sis kuj hloov kho rau cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm nyuaj uas muaj huab cua hnyav, dej ntsev tsuag, thiab kev siv ntau zaus, txhua yam thaum sib haum nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntsuab thiab qis-carbon. Raws li "cov khoom siv kev lag luam ntsuab ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st," basalt fiber tsuas yog tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb volcanic ntuj los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev yaj thiab kos duab ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1,450 ° C txog 1,550 ° C. Nws cov txiaj ntsig kev ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb phim cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv qis-qhov siab, thiab tam sim no nws txhawb nqa kev txhim kho cov khoom siv los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev. Piv rau cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm muaj xws li hlau thiab pob zeb ua vaj tse, basalt fiber muaj qhov ceev ntawm tsuas yog 2.6–2.8 g / cm³ thiab lub zog tensile ncav cuag 3,000–4,000 MPa. Nws muaj kev tiv taus kub zoo heev (siv tau tas li ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 260°C, thiab siv tau luv luv rau qhov kub siab tshaj 300°C), tiv taus xeb (ua tau ntau tshaj 90% ntawm nws cov kev ua tau zoo hauv cov chaw acidic, alkaline, thiab ntsev tsuag), thiab rwb thaiv hluav taws xob zoo dua thiab pom tseeb ntawm nthwv dej electromagnetic. Ntxiv mus, nws lub neej qaug zog ntev dua 50% dua li cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm muaj, thaum nws cov txheej txheem tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua 70% thiab tsim cov pa roj carbon dioxide tsawg dua 60% dua li cov hlau tsim, ua rau nws yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsav tsheb tsim kho kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv qis.

Cov hauv paus tseem ceeb uas cov fiber basalt txhawb nqa kev tsim kho vaj tse hauv qhov chaw qis qis tig mus rau plaub qhov tseem ceeb. Los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv tshiab thiab kev hloov kho cov txheej txheem, nws ua tiav ntau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov vaj tse, kho cov nqi, thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pabcuam.

Thawj qhov ntawm cov cheeb tsam no yog kev txhim kho tshiab ntawm Cov Kev Khiav Tsheb Hauv Tshav Dav Hlau thiab cov ntaub thaiv qhov rai - ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev nce thiab tsaws hauv kev lag luam qis. Cov kev khiav dav hlau ib txwm muaj teeb meem xws li kev tawg thiab kev poob qis los ntawm kev khov-thaw, cov khoom hnyav, thiab kev txav mus los ntawm dav hlau ntau zaus; ntxiv rau, cov nqi kho rau cov kev khiav dav hlau no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw ib puag ncig hnyav, xws li cov toj siab siab thiab thaj chaw ntug dej hiav txwv.Cov fiber basalt ua tiav kev nce qib thev naus laus zis los ntawm ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb: Ua ntej, los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov fibers basalt txiav - ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 0.3% - rau hauv cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, lub network ntes tawg peb-seem tau tsim. Qhov no ua tau zoo txwv cov kab nrib pleb ntawm txoj kev kom tsis pub dhau 0.02 hli, yog li ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kab nrib pleb zoo dua. Qhov thib ob, los ntawm kev tso cov fiber basalt fiber grids hauv lub hauv paus lossis cov txheej saum npoo ntawm txoj kev khiav kom hloov cov hlau reinforcement mesh ib txwm muaj, txoj kev tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv tau txhawb nqa ntxiv. Txhawm rau kom haum rau ntau yam kev xav tau ntawm ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm sib txawv, txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm "basalt fibers thiab roj hmab granules" kuj tseem siv tau. Thaum cov roj hmab granule cov ntsiab lus ncav cuag 10%, lub zog compressive ntawm cov pob zeb ua vaj tse nce ntxiv 27.5%, nws lub zog flexural nce ntxiv 19.6%, thiab nws qhov kev tiv thaiv khov-thaw zoo dua tib lub sijhawm los ntawm 11.1%. Cov kev daws teeb meem no daws tau cov teeb meem tseem ceeb xws li kev puas tsuaj khov-thaw ntawm cov tshav dav hlau siab thiab xeb ntsev-pog ntawm cov tshav dav hlau ntug dej hiav txwv. Cov kev siv ua tau pom tias cov kev khiav ntawm tshav dav hlau uas siv cov thev naus laus zis no muaj peev xwm nce 30% ntawm kev thauj khoom thiab ntev dua 50% ntawm lub neej qaug zog; ntxiv rau, lub voj voog kev saib xyuas tau ntev dua los ntawm tsib xyoos ib txwm mus rau kaum xyoo. Ntawm ib lub tshav dav hlau thoob ntiaj teb uas cov thev naus laus zis no tau siv, lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm txoj kev khiav tau ntev dua 30%, thiab cov nqi kho tau txo qis 40%, ua rau muaj kev txhim kho zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

Qhov thib ob ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab suav nrog kev ua kom lub tsev tswj kev thauj mus los hauv huab cua thiab cov chaw navigation sib dua. Raws li "cov hlab ntsha" ntawm kev thauj mus los hauv huab cua qis, cov chaw no yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv - suav nrog kev tiv thaiv cua thiab av qeeg - tab sis kuj muaj kev sib raug zoo electromagnetic zoo heev los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam nrog kev taw qhia thiab kev sib txuas lus. Tib lub sijhawm, cov teeb meem uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim kho siab - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov teeb meem koom nrog thiab cov sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev - xav tau kev daws teeb meem sai. Basalt fiber technology ua tiav qhov kev tawg hauv thaj chaw no los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem molding rau cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw. Los ntawm kev siv Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) composites los hloov cov qauv pob zeb reinforced, qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm lub tsev tswj hwm tuaj yeem txo qis los ntawm 70%, thaum nws qhov kev tiv thaiv cua thiab av qeeg tau txhim kho tib lub sijhawm los ntawm 50%. Ntxiv mus, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws thiab electromagnetic nthwv dej pob tshab ua kom ntseeg tau tias nws tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, xws li radar thiab kev sib txuas lus. Rau cov nodes thauj khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv, "basalt fiber-aluminium alloy hybrid system" tuaj yeem raug saws; Hauv qhov kev teeb tsa no, cov hlau txhuas siv los txhawb nqa lub peev xwm thauj khoom ntawm cov nodes, thaum cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv yog tsim los ntawm BFRP kom ntseeg tau tias lub teeb thiab tiv taus corrosion, yog li ua tiav qhov sib npaug zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb. Ntxiv mus, kev koom ua ke ntawm lub tswv yim tsim qauv modular tso cai rau cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov pej thuam tswj fiber basalt kom prefabricated hauv lub Hoobkas teeb tsa, tsuas yog xav tau kev sib dhos thiab splicing ntawm qhov chaw. Txoj hauv kev no ua rau lub voj voog tsim kho luv luv - ntau dua 40% - thaum tib lub sijhawm txo cov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm siab thiab txo cov kev phom sij kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev tsim kho. Hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj huab cua maritime, qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov pej thuam no thiab cov chaw navigation cuam tshuam rau kev xeb ntsev yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, ua rau lawv ua tiav lub neej kev pabcuam 20 xyoo yam tsis muaj cov cim qhia txog kev laus tseem ceeb. Tom qab kev saws txais yuav lub pej thuam tswj fiber basalt ntawm lub tshav dav hlau dav dav, tsis yog tsuas yog lub sijhawm tsim kho tau txo qis heev, tab sis tag nrho cov nqi lub neej kuj tau txo qis los ntawm 35%, yog li qhia txog kev lag luam thiab kev txawj ntse tseem ceeb.

Qhov tseem ceeb thib peb yog kev txhawb nqa cov khoom siv txhawb nqa rau cov tes hauj lwm tsheb khiav qis. Qhov no suav nrog cov chaw xws li cov choj, cov qhov av, thiab cov viaducts uas txuas ntau qhov chaw nce / tsaws thiab cov chaw xa khoom. Cov qauv no yuav tsum tau tiv taus cov tsheb thauj khoom ntau zaus; ntxiv rau, vim qee qhov nyob hauv av lossis hauv thaj chaw ntug dej hiav txwv, lawv ntsib cov kev cai nruj heev txog kev muaj peev xwm thauj khoom, kev tsis nkag, thiab kev ruaj khov. Basalt fiber pab txhawb rau qhov kev siv zog no feem ntau los ntawm ob txoj hauv kev: kev hloov rebar thiab kev txhawb nqa cov qauv. Hauv cov haujlwm tsim kho tshiab, kev hloov pauv tag nrho ntawm cov hlau rebar ib txwm muaj nrog basalt fiber rebar - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li choj lub ntsiab girders thiab qhov av linings - tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv los ntawm 50% thiab nce lub peev xwm thauj khoom los ntawm 60%. Ntxiv mus, nws txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pabcuam los ntawm 50 xyoo ib txwm muaj mus rau 80 xyoo thiab tshem tawm qhov xav tau kev tiv thaiv cathodic (feem ntau xav tau rau cov hlau rebar), yog li txo cov nqi kho mus sij hawm ntev. Rau kev kho dua tshiab thiab nthuav dav ntawm cov khoom siv qub, kev siv cov fiber basalt fiber mesh rau kev txhawb nqa cov qauv tso cai rau kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov chaw uas twb muaj lawm lub peev xwm thauj khoom thiab kev tiv thaiv av qeeg, daws tau qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm uas yuav cuam tshuam lawv qhov kev sib raug zoo nrog qhov xav tau ntawm kev lag luam qis. Txhawm rau kom ua kom zoo dua qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib txuas interfacial, ib txoj kev siv "basalt fiber-nanomaterial synergistic reinforcement"; los ntawm kev siv nanomaterials los hloov kho qhov chaw ntawm cov fibers, lub zog sib txuas interfacial ntawm cov fibers thiab cov pob zeb tau nce ntxiv 47%, yog li ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov nyhuv txhawb nqa. Hauv qhov project kho dua tshiab viaduct rau lub chaw logistics qis, kev siv cov fiber basalt fiber reinforcement tau ua tiav txhim kho qhov ntsuas kev tiv thaiv av qeeg ntawm tus choj los ntawm Qib 7 mus rau Qib 9, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov tsheb khiav ntau zaus los ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom qis. Tib lub sijhawm, cov nqi kho dua tshiab tau txo qis 40%, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm tau ntev dua 50%, yog li ua tiav kev txhim kho zoo thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov chaw laus. Thaum kawg, muaj kev txhim kho cov chaw pabcuam thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm. Txawm hais tias cov chaw no tsis yog cov qauv tseem ceeb, lawv cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv qis; piv txwv li suav nrog cov kav dej ntws hauv tshav dav hlau, cov txheej txheem muab roj, thiab cov kav dej tiv thaiv rau cov xov hluav taws xob. Los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis hloov kho sib xyaw, cov fiber basalt tau siv los tsim cov kav dej sib xyaw basalt fiber. Thaum xa mus rau hauv cov kav dej ntws hauv tshav dav hlau thiab cov txheej txheem muab roj, lawv qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo rau cov kua qaub, alkalis, thiab xeb ua rau lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov kav dej ntev dua peb npaug.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv tshem tawm cov teeb meem xau uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov xov xwm corrosive, yog li ntawd txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev txij nkawm. Hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob cable, cov kav dej basalt fiber cable qhia tau tias muaj cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev zoo dua li cov khoom siv kav dej ib txwm muaj; lawv qhov kev tiv taus kub tau nthuav dav los ntawm 70 ° C mus rau 200 ° C, ua rau txo qis kev pheej hmoo hluav taws hauv qhov chaw kub siab. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv qhia tau tias muaj kev tiv taus zoo rau kev cuam tshuam thiab kev laus, ua rau lawv zoo rau cov chaw sab nraum zoov nyuaj. Daim ntawv thov uas saib mus tom ntej ntau dua suav nrog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm basalt fiber nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntse - tshwj xeeb, los ntawm kev muab cov sensors tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom kom ua rau muaj kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov qauv. Lub peev xwm no tso cai rau kev ntes cov ntaub ntawv tiag tiag xws li kev hloov pauv ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab kev hloov pauv kub hauv cov chaw, ua rau muaj kev ceeb toom raws sijhawm txog kev phom sij ntawm kev nyab xeeb. Thaum kawg, qhov no tsav kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv qis-qhov siab los ntawm tus qauv ntawm "kev txij nkawm tsis ua haujlwm" mus rau ib qho ntawm "kev ceeb toom ua ntej," yog li ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm.