Imelana no-1300°C Ngaphandle Kokusha! Isudi Yokucisha Umlilo Elukwe Edwaleni Lentaba-mlilo—Izindleko Eziphansi, Isivikelo Esiqinile

Muva nje, ngemuva kweminyaka yokunqoba izithiyo zobuchwepheshe, iWuhan Textile University iphumelele ukudonsa kanzima I-Basalt zibe imicu ethambile kunezinwele zomuntu bese zilukwa zibe "Amasudi E-Basalt Dragon-Scale" akwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa angu-1300°C. Lokhu kuphumelela, okudonsele ukunaka kwamabhizinisi amakhulu ezindwangu, akugcini nje ngokubhekana nokushiyeka kokuvikela kwezingubo zomlilo zendabuko kodwa futhi kufeza ukusebenza okuphezulu ngentengo ephansi. Abameleli be-Wuhan Fire and Rescue Bureau basanda kuvakashela inyuvesi ukuyokhipha iqoqo lalezi zingubo. Lokhu kusungula izinto ezintsha akudonsele isithakazelo emabhizinisini endawo aseHubei kuphela kodwa nasezinkampanini eziningi ezihamba phambili zezindwangu ezweni lonke.

"Ubuchwepheshe bethu be-'Core-Wrapped Spinning' buyindlela yokuqala emhlabeni wonke futhi eguquguqukayo. Buvelele emkhakheni wezingubo ezikhethekile ezingashisi kakhulu futhi bukhiqize ama-yuan angaphezu kwezigidigidi ezimbili ngenani lemboni," kusho uSolwazi Xia Zhigang, inhloko yeqembu locwaningo lokuphotha ngaphansi kwethimba le-Academician Xu Weilin, ngoMeyi 19. Uchaze ukuthi impumelelo ku I-Basalt Fiber Ubuchwepheshe bezingubo zokulwa nomlilo abuxazululi nje kuphela imikhawulo yokuvikela yezingubo ezivamile kodwa futhi buthuthukisa ngamandla isayensi yezinto zendwangu kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zemishini yokucubungula izindwangu, okushintsha isimo sokuncintisana kwamazwe ngamazwe.

Ukuqala Uguquko Lwezinto Eziphathekayo: Ukuguqula Itshe Libe "Amasudi E-Basalt Dragon-Scale"

"Inselele ephathelene izinto ze-basalt kwavela ezidingweni zemboni; ithimba lethu liphendule ngenkuthalo kulezi zidingo ngokwenza ucwaningo lwesayensi oluzinikele."

Ngo-2017, ngesikhathi bevakashele izinkampani ezimbili, uXia Zhigang nethimba lakhe bezwa isicelo ngazwi linye: Ingabe izinto ezingaphili—njenge-basalt—zingasetshenziswa ukukhipha imicu, ukusonta uboya, kanye nokuluka indwangu ukuvikela izimpilo zabacishi bomlilo emigqeni engaphambili?

I-Basalt fiber inikeza ukuvikela okuhle kakhulu kokushisa nogesi, ukumelana nomlilo nokubanda, kanye nokushisa okuphezulu. Amakhemikhali ukungasebenzi kahle, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Kodwa-ke, imicu iqinile futhi ithambekele ekuqhekekeni okuqhekekayo, okwenza kube nzima ukuyilawula lapho kucutshungulwa izindwangu, ukugoba nokusonta okungabhubhisi, okune-torque ephansi.

Eqhutshwa umgomo "wokugxilisa izimpande eHubei nokuhlala ezinikele emgqeni wokukhiqiza," uXia Zhigang uphakamise: "Lena inselele yomhlaba wonke—kufanele siyizame?"

Lapho ebuyela elabhorethri yaseyunivesithi, uXia Zhigang wahlela iqembu locwaningo futhi wabambisana namabhizinisi okuphotha i-fiber kanye nezindwangu ukuze baqalise uhlelo locwaningo lwethiyori olugxile ekusungulweni kwezinto ze-basalt. I-Basalt fiber iyi-fiber engaphili etholakala edwaleni le-basalt lentaba-mlilo. Ngokusungula izinto ezintsha emishinini yobuchwepheshe nasekucutshungulweni kwayo, isibe yinhle kakhulu futhi iguquguquka, kuyilapho igcina ukumelana kwayo kwemvelo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nokugqwala.

Ngo-2021, ithimba locwaningo kanye nabalingani bemboni bahlangana; amalabhorethri aseyunivesithi abambisane eduze nemigqa yokukhiqiza yefektri ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo nokuqinisekiswa. Ububanzi befayibha behlisiwe kusuka kuma-micron ayi-12 nama-micron ayi-10 behla baba ama-micron ayi-5 kuphela—ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ubukhulu bezinwele zomuntu. Ngemva kwamashumi ezinkulungwane zokuhlolwa kwe-torque, ukubala okuphindaphindiwe, ukuqinisekiswa kokuhlola, kanye nokwenza ngcono ngokusekelwe empendulweni, ithimba laphothula inqubo efanele "yokusonta okungabhubhisi, okuqondiswa kabili kanye nokuvalelwa." Lokhu kwaqinisekisa ukuthi ifayibha ye-basalt ingaphothwa nge-torque encane ngenkathi isala ingonakali.

"Ukuhambisana nesikhumba—leso kwakuyisithiyo esinzima kakhulu izindwangu ze-basalt fiber!" Impumelelo eyinhloko yeqembu itholakala kubuchwepheshe "bokuphotha i-core-wrap": imicu ethambile ye-staple iphothwa izungeze i-filament ye-basalt core. Le ndlela igcina i-core "eqinile" yokuvikela ye-basalt fiber ngenkathi inikeza ulwazi lokugqoka olulula, oluthambile, nolunobungani nesikhumba. "Siqambe lobu buchwepheshe ngokuthi 'ubuchwepheshe bokwakheka kwentambo obungabhubhisi, obune-torque ephansi, obugcwele ukugoqa,'" kuchaza uXia Zhigang. Ithimba lakhe libambisene namabhizinisi amaningi eminyakeni eminingana ukuze banqobe izinselele zobuchwepheshe, bedonsa i-basalt eqinile ibe imicu ethambile kunezinwele zomuntu futhi beyiluka ibe yi-"Basalt Dragon-Scale Suits" ekwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa angu-1,300°C. Le mpumelelo ayizange ibhekane nokushiyeka kokuvikela kwezingubo zomlilo zendabuko kodwa futhi yathola ukusebenza okuphezulu ngezindleko ezincintisanayo.

Kusukela eNyangeni Kuya Endaweni Yomlilo: Ingubo Yomlilo Imelela "I-Pinnacle Yobuchwepheshe Bomuntu"

Ifulegi lesizwe eliboniswe ebusweni benyanga ladonsa ukunaka komhlaba wonke ngokushesha... Ngo-2024, "ifulegi lesizwe lenyanga" leChang'e-6 lakhanya kakhulu esikhaleni. Njengefulegi lokuqala le-basalt fiber emhlabeni eliboniswe enyangeni, lanikeza ukwesekwa okubalulekile kwezinto ezibonakalayo emisebenzini yokuhlola isikhala esijulile yezwe lami. Ubuchwepheshe bokuphotha i-basalt fiber obusetshenziswe kuleli fulegi bathuthukiswa yithimba likaSolwazi uXia Zhigang eWuhan Textile University.

Namuhla, ubuchwepheshe bokuphotha obuthuthukiswe yithimba likaProfesa Xia abuqeqeshi nje kuphela abafundi kanye nochwepheshe bemboni kodwa futhi busekela amaphrojekthi amakhulu kazwelonke futhi buthengiswe ngempumelelo emikhakheni eyahlukene yabantu abavamile, bubonisa amandla amakhulu emakethe. Ukuhlolwa kubonise ukuthi lapho kuvezwa ilangabi lesibani elingu-1,300°C imizuzwana eyi-10, indwangu yendabuko yekotini yavutha ngokushesha futhi isudi yomlilo ye-aramid yashiswa ngokuphelele, kanti indwangu engamelani nomlilo ye-basalt fiber yabonisa ukuba mnyama okuncane.

Ngo-2025, ithimba labambisana kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngempahla namabhizinisi amaningi asekhaya ukuze kuqhutshwe ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kwezintambo ezisontekile ze-basalt, ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo efana nezingubo zokucima umlilo, amabhuzu, izintambo zokuzivikela, kanye nezingubo zokucima umlilo.

"Uma kuqhathaniswa nezingubo zomlilo zendabuko ze-aramid, amasudi e-basalt fiber zinikeza izindlela zokulinganisa ukusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu: zimelana namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-1,300°C futhi zisebenza ngokuthembeka ngaphakathi kwebanga eliphakathi kuka-200°C no-700°C, zixazulula ngempumelelo inkinga ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe."

UXia Zhigang waphawula ngokuziqhenya ukuthi okwamanje azikho imikhiqizo efanayo ngqo emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe, okuphawula ukuguquka kweShayina kusuka ekubeni ngumlandeli kuya ekubeni ngumholi kulo mkhakha. Okwamanje, ithimba locwaningo liyaqhubeka nokusebenza namabhizinisi ekwenzeni ngcono okuqhubekayo, okuqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu nemisha.

“Kusukela eMhlabeni kuya eNyangeni, amathuba okusetshenziswa kwe-basalt fiber adlulela ngale kwezingubo zokucima umlilo,” kusho uXia Zhigang, ebheke esikhathini esizayo. Wachaza ukuthi iNyanga inomhlabathi omningi wenyanga onokwakheka okufana ne-basalt; esikhathini esizayo, izindwangu ze-basalt fiber zingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza ama-spacesuits nokwenza kube lula ukwakhiwa kwenyanga, kusize isintu ekuhloleni okuqhubekayo kwenyanga.