Ihangana n'ubushyuhe bwa 1300°C idacanwa! Ikoti ryo kuzimya inkongi riboheshejwe mu rutare rw'ibirunga—Rihendutse kandi ririndwa cyane

Vuba aha, nyuma y'imyaka myinshi yo gutsinda inzitizi za tekiniki, Kaminuza ya Wuhan Textile yatsinze cyane Basalt mu migozi myiza kurusha umusatsi w'umuntu hanyuma bakayibohamo "Basalt Dragon-Scale Suits" ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 1300. Iri terambere, ryakuruye ibitekerezo by'ibigo bikomeye by'imyenda, ntirikemura gusa ibibazo byo kwirinda imyenda gakondo yo kuzimya inkongi, ahubwo rinagera ku musaruro mwiza ku giciro gito. Abahagarariye Ibiro Bishinzwe Kuzimya Inkongi bya Wuhan baherutse gusura kaminuza kugira ngo batange iyi myenda. Iri shyashya ryakuruye abantu benshi mu bigo byo muri Hubei ndetse n'ibigo byinshi bikomeye by'imyenda mu gihugu hose.

"Ikoranabuhanga ryacu rya 'Core-Wrapped Spinning' ni uburyo bw'umwimerere ku isi yose kandi bukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Riragaragara cyane mu bijyanye n'imyenda yihariye idashyuha cyane kandi ryungutse agaciro ka miliyari 2 z'amayuan mu nganda," ibi byavuzwe na Porofeseri Xia Zhigang, ukuriye itsinda ry'ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye no kuzunguruka riyobowe n'ikipe ya Academician Xu Weilin, ku ya 19 Gicurasi. Yasobanuye ko iterambere ryabaye muri Fibre ya Basalt Ikoranabuhanga ry’imyenda yo kuzimya inkongi ntirikemura gusa ibibazo byo kurinda imyenda isanzwe, ahubwo rinateza imbere cyane ubumenyi bw’ibikoresho by’imyenda ndetse n’inganda zitunganya imyenda, bigahindura imiterere y’ipiganwa mpuzamahanga.

Guteza Impinduka mu Bikoresho: Guhindura Ibuye "Imyambaro ya Basalt Dragon-Scale"

"Ikibazo kijyanye na ibikoresho bya basalt byaturutse ku byo inganda zikeneye; itsinda ryacu ryasubije ibyo byifuzo ribikora ubushakashatsi bwihariye bwa siyansi."

Mu 2017, ubwo basuraga amasosiyete abiri, Xia Zhigang n'ikipe ye bumvise ubusabe buhuriweho: Ese ibikoresho bidafite umwimerere—nk'umusatsi—byashoboraga gukoreshwa mu gukuramo insinga, ubudodo bwo kuzunguza, n'imyenda yo kuboha kugira ngo birinde ubuzima bw'abazimya umuriro bari ku rugamba?

Fibre ya basalt itanga ubushyuhe bwiza n'amashanyarazi, irwanya umuriro n'ubukonje, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gukingira Ubutabire kudakora neza, kudahura n’ingufu, kandi bihendutse. Ariko, insinga zirakomeye kandi zishobora kwangirika, bigatuma zidasenya, zigorana kandi zigahindagurika mu gihe cyo gutunganya imyenda.

Ayobowe n'ubutumwa bwo "gushinga imizi muri Hubei no gukomeza kwiyemeza gukora uwo mushinga," Xia Zhigang yatanze igitekerezo: "Iki ni ikibazo cyugarije isi yose—ese tugerageze?"

Ubwo yagarukaga muri laboratwari ya kaminuza, Xia Zhigang yateguye itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi maze afatanya n’ibigo bikora fibre n’imyenda gutangiza ubushakashatsi bushingiye ku miterere y’ibintu bikozwe muri fibre. Fibre ya basalt ni fibre idakomoka ku ibuye ry’ibirunga rya basalt. Binyuze mu guhanga udushya mu bikoresho bya tekiniki no gutunganya, yabaye nziza cyane kandi yoroshye, ariko igakomeza kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi n’ingese.

Mu 2021, itsinda ry’abashakashatsi n’abafatanyabikorwa mu nganda bafatanyije; laboratwari za kaminuza zakoranye bya hafi n’imiyoboro y’inganda kugira ngo bakore isuzuma n’igenzura rihoraho. Umurambararo wa fibre wagabanutse uva kuri mikoroni 12 na mikoroni 10 ugera kuri mikoroni 5 gusa—kimwe cya gatatu cy’ubunini bw’umusatsi w’umuntu. Nyuma y’ibizamini ibihumbi mirongo by’ingufu, imibare isubiwemo, igenzura ry’igerageza, no kunoza hashingiwe ku bitekerezo, itsinda ryarangije inzira nziza yo "guhindura imiterere y’ingufu mu buryo butangiza, buhuza icyerekezo n’uburyo bwo kuzigama." Ibi byatumye fibre ya basalt ibasha kuzunguruka ifite torque nto mu gihe idakomeretse.

"Kuba umuntu ukunda uruhu—ni cyo cyari imbogamizi ikomeye kuri imyenda ya basalt"Iterambere ry'ingenzi ry'ikipe riri mu ikoranabuhanga rya "kuzunguruka kw'imigozi yoroshye": imigozi yoroshye izunguruka ku mugozi wo hasi wa basalt. Ubu buryo bugumana "inyuma" y'umugozi wo hasi wa basalt mu gihe butanga uburambe bworoshye, bworoshye, kandi bworoshye kwambara. Xia Zhigang arasobanura ati: "Twise iri koranabuhanga rishya 'ikoranabuhanga ritangiza, ridafite amashanyarazi menshi, rikora imigozi yose.'" Ikipe ye yakoranye n'ibigo byinshi mu myaka myinshi kugira ngo batsinde ibibazo bya tekiniki, bakura basalt ikomeye mu migozi myiza kurusha umusatsi w'umuntu maze bayiboha muri "Basalt Dragon-Scale Suits" ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwa 1,300°C. Iri terambere ntiryakemuye gusa ibibazo byo kurinda ibikoresho bisanzwe byo kuzimya inkongi, ahubwo ryanageze ku musaruro mwiza ku giciro cyiza.

Kuva ku kwezi kugera ku nkongi y'umuriro: Ikanzu yo kuzimya inkongi igaragaramo "Inkingi y'ikoranabuhanga rya muntu"

Ibendera ry'igihugu ryagaragaraga ku zuba ryakuruye isi mu kanya gato... Mu 2024, ibendera ry'igihugu rya Chang'e-6 "ibendera ry'igihugu rya ukwezi" ryamuritse cyane mu isanzure. Nk'ibendera rya mbere ku isi rya basalt fibre ryagaragaye ku kwezi, ryatanze inkunga y'ingenzi mu bikorwa by'ubushakashatsi bw'ikirere cy'igihugu cyanjye. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kuzunguza basalt fibre ryakoreshejwe kuri iri bendera ryakozwe n'itsinda rya Porofeseri Xia Zhigang muri Kaminuza ya Wuhan Textile.

Muri iki gihe, ikoranabuhanga ryo kuzunguruka ryakozwe n'itsinda rya Porofeseri Xia ntirihugura gusa abanyeshuri n'abatekinisiye mu nganda ahubwo rinashyigikira imishinga minini y'igihugu kandi ryagurishijwe neza mu nzego zitandukanye za gisivili, bigaragaza ubushobozi bunini bw'isoko. Igerageza ryagaragaje ko iyo umuriro w'urumuri rwa dogere selisiyusi 1.300 wacanwaga mu masegonda 10, umwenda gakondo w'ipamba wahitaga ushya maze umwenda wo kuzimya umuriro wa aramid ugashya burundu, mu gihe umwenda udashobora gushya wa basalt wagaragazaga umukara muto gusa.

Mu 2025, itsinda ryakoranye mu ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa n'ibigo byinshi byo mu gihugu kugira ngo bateze imbere umusaruro munini w'ubudodo bw'ibumba bukozwe muri basalt, bakora ibikoresho nk'amakoti azimya umuriro, inkweto, imigozi yo kurinda umuriro, n'amashuka azimya umuriro.

"Ugereranije n'imyambaro gakondo yo kuzimya umuriro ya aramid, imyenda ya basalt fibre bitanga ibipimo by'imikorere myiza: bihangana n'ubushyuhe bugera kuri 1.300°C kandi bikora neza hagati ya -200°C na 700°C, bigakemura neza ikibazo gikomeye cy'ikoranabuhanga."

Xia Zhigang yishimiye ko nta bicuruzwa bisa ku isoko mpuzamahanga, ibi bikaba ari ikimenyetso cy’uko Ubushinwa bwavuye ku kuba umuyoboke wabwo bujya ku mwanya wa mbere muri uru rwego. Hagati aho, itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi rikomeje gukorana n’ibigo mu kunoza kurushaho, biganisha ku iterambere ry’inganda no gukoresha ibicuruzwa byiza kandi bishya.

Xia Zhigang yagize ati: "Kuva ku Isi kugeza ku Kwezi, amahirwe yo gukoresha fibre ya basalt arenze kure imyenda yo kuzimya inkongi." Yasobanuye ko Ukwezi gufite ubutaka bwinshi bw'ukwezi bufite imiterere isa na basalt; mu gihe kizaza, imyenda ya basalt ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora imyenda yo mu kirere no koroshya kubaka ukwezi, bigafasha abantu gukomeza ubushakashatsi ku kwezi.