Imelana nobushushu obuyi-1300°C Ngaphandle Kokutsha! Isuti Yokucima Umlilo Elukwe Ngodonga Lwentaba-mlilo—Ixabiso Eliphantsi, Ukhuseleko Oluqinileyo

Kutshanje, emva kweminyaka yokoyisa imiqobo yobugcisa, iYunivesithi yaseWuhan Textile iphumelele ukuphumelela I-Basalt zibe ziifayibha ezicolekileyo kuneenwele zomntu kwaye zilukwe zibe zii"Basalt Dragon-Scale Suits" ezikwaziyo ukumelana namaqondo obushushu angama-1300°C. Olu phuculo, oluye lwatsala ingqalelo yamashishini aphambili elaphu, alujongani nje kuphela nokusilela kokukhusela kweesuti zomlilo zemveli kodwa lukwafezekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu ngexabiso eliphantsi. Abameli abavela kwi-Wuhan Fire and Rescue Bureau batyelele iyunivesithi kutshanje ukuze banike uluhlu lwezi suti. Olu tshintsho lutsale umdla kungekuphela nje kumashishini asekuhlaleni aseHubei kodwa nakwiinkampani ezininzi eziphambili zelaphu kulo lonke ilizwe.

"Itekhnoloji yethu ethi 'Core-Wrapped Spinning' yindlela yokuqala nesebenziseka lula kwihlabathi liphela. Igqamile kwicandelo leempahla ezikhethekileyo ezimelana nobushushu obuphezulu kwaye ivelise ngaphezulu kweebhiliyoni ezi-2 zeeyuan ngexabiso leshishini," utshilo uNjingalwazi uXia Zhigang, intloko yeqela lophando lokujikeleza phantsi kweqela le-Academician Xu Weilin, ngoMeyi 19. Ucacisile ukuba impumelelo kwi I-Basalt Fiber Itekhnoloji yesuti yokulwa nomlilo ayisombululi nje kuphela imida yokukhusela yeesuti zesiqhelo kodwa ikwaphucula ngamandla isayensi yezinto zelaphu kunye nophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso yezixhobo zokucubungula amalaphu, itshintsha imeko yokhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe.

Ukuvuselela uguquko lwezinto eziphathekayo: Ukuguqula ilitye libe "ziisuti zeBasalt Dragon-Scale"

"Umngeni malunga izinto ze-basalt ivela kwiimfuno zoshishino; iqela lethu liphendule ngokukhutheleyo kwezi mfuno ngokwenza uphando lwesayensi oluzinikeleyo."

Ngowama-2017, ngelixa babetyelele iinkampani ezimbini, uXia Zhigang kunye neqela lakhe beva isicelo esivunyiweyo ngazwi linye: Ngaba izinto ezingaphiliyo—ezifana ne-basalt—zingasetyenziswa ekukhupheni imicu, ukusonta intambo, kunye nokuluka ilaphu ukukhusela ubomi babacimi-mlilo abakwimigca engaphambili?

I-Basalt fiber inika ubushushu obuhle kakhulu kunye nombane, ukumelana nomlilo kunye nokubanda, kunye nobushushu obuphezulu Ikhemikhali ukungangeni kakuhle, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, iifayibha ziqinile kwaye zinokwaphuka kancinci, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kube nzima ukulawula ukugoba nokujika okungatshabalalisiyo ngexesha lokucubungula ilaphu.

Eqhutywa ngumsebenzi "wokumilisela iingcambu eHubei nokuhlala ezinikele kumgca wemveliso," uXia Zhigang ucebise oku: "Lo ngumceli mngeni wehlabathi—singawuzama?"

Akubuyela kwilebhu yeyunivesithi, uXia Zhigang waququzelela iqela lophando waza wasebenzisana namashishini e-fiber-spinning kunye namalaphu ukuze aqalise iphulo lophando olujolise ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha ze-basalt. I-Basalt fiber yi-inorganic fiber ephuma kwilitye le-basalt lentaba-mlilo. Ngokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha kwizixhobo zobugcisa kunye nokucubungula, iye yaba yintle kakhulu kwaye iguquguquka, ngelixa igcina ukumelana kwayo nemozulu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokugqwala.

Ngowama-2021, iqela lophando kunye namaqabane oshishino badibene; iilabhoratri zaseyunivesithi zisebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nemigca yemveliso yefektri ukwenza uvavanyo oluqhubekayo kunye nokuqinisekiswa. Ububanzi befayibha buncitshisiwe ukusuka kwi-12 microns kunye ne-10 microns ukuya kwi-5 microns kuphela—isinye kwisithathu sobukhulu beenwele zomntu. Emva kwamashumi amawaka ovavanyo lwe-torque, ukubala okuphindaphindiweyo, ukuqinisekiswa kovavanyo, kunye nokwenza ngcono ngokusekelwe kwingxelo, iqela ligqibezele inkqubo efanelekileyo "yokujija okungatshabalalisiyo, okubhekisa kwicala elinye kunye nokuvalelwa." Oku kuqinisekisile ukuba ifayibha ye-basalt inokujikeleziswa nge-torque encinci ngelixa ihleli ingonakaliswanga.

"Ukuthanda ulusu—leyo yayiyeyona nto inzima kakhulu amalaphu efayibha yebasalt!" Impumelelo ephambili yeqela ikwiteknoloji "yokusonta i-core-wrap": iifayibha ezithambileyo ze-staple zijikelezwe kwi-filament ye-basalt core. Le ndlela igcina isiseko "esiqinileyo" sokukhusela i-basalt fiber ngelixa inika amava okunxiba alula, athambileyo, kwaye anobuhlobo nolusu. "Sibize le teknoloji intsha ngokuthi 'yiteknoloji yokwenza intambo engatshabalalisiyo, engaphantsi kwe-torque, egcwele i-wrap,'" ucacisa uXia Zhigang. Iqela lakhe lisebenzisane namashishini amaninzi kwiminyaka eliqela ukuze loyise imingeni yobugcisa, litsala i-basalt eqinileyo ibe ziifayibha ezicolekileyo kuneenwele zomntu kwaye laziluka zibe "ziiSuits zeBasalt Dragon-Scale" ezikwaziyo ukumelana namaqondo obushushu angama-1,300°C. Olu phuculo aluzange lujongane kuphela nokusilela kokukhusela izixhobo zomlilo zendabuko kodwa lukwaphumelele nokusebenza okuphezulu ngexabiso elikhuphisanayo.

Ukusuka eNyangeni ukuya kwindawo yomlilo: Isambatho somlilo siqulethe "iNtsika yoBugcisa boLuntu"

Iflegi yesizwe eboniswe kumphezulu wenyanga yatsala ingqalelo yehlabathi ngephanyazo... Ngowama-2024, iflegi yesizwe yenyanga yeChang'e-6 yakhanya kakhulu esibhakabhakeni. Njengeflegi yokuqala ye-basalt fiber ehlabathini eboniswe enyangeni, yanika inkxaso ebalulekileyo kwizinto ezifunekayo kwimisebenzi yokuhlola isithuba esinzulu selizwe lam. Ubuchwepheshe bokujikeleza i-basalt fiber obusetyenzisiweyo kule flegi baphuhliswa liqela likaNjingalwazi uXia Zhigang kwiYunivesithi yaseWuhan Textile.

Namhlanje, iteknoloji yokujikeleza eyenziwe liqela likaNjingalwazi uXia ayiqeqeshi nje kuphela abafundi kunye neengcali zoshishino kodwa ikwaxhasa iiprojekthi ezinkulu zesizwe kwaye iye yathengiswa ngempumelelo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo aseburhulumenteni, ibonisa amandla amakhulu emarike. Uvavanyo lubonise ukuba xa ibekwe kwilangatye letotshi eliyi-1,300°C imizuzwana eli-10, ilaphu lekotoni lendabuko lavutha ngoko nangoko kwaye isuti yomlilo ye-aramid yatsha ngokupheleleyo, ngelixa ilaphu elimelana nomlilo le-basalt fiber labonisa ukuba mnyama kancinci.

Ngowama-2025, iqela lasebenzisana kulo lonke uthotho lokubonelela ngeenkonzo kunye namashishini amaninzi asekhaya ukuqhuba ukuveliswa okukhulu kweentambo ze-basalt composite core-spun, ukuvelisa iimveliso ezifana neesuti zokucima umlilo, izihlangu, iintambo zokukhusela, kunye neengubo zomlilo.

"Xa kuthelekiswa neesuti zomlilo zemveli ze-aramid, iisuti zefayibha yebasalt zibonelela ngemilinganiselo yokusebenza egqwesileyo: zimelana namaqondo obushushu afikelela kwi-1,300°C kwaye zisebenza ngokuthembekileyo kumgama we--200°C ukuya kwi-700°C, zisombulula ngempumelelo ingxaki ebalulekileyo yezobuchwepheshe."

UXia Zhigang uqaphe ngeqhayiya ukuba okwangoku akukho mveliso zifana ngokuthe ngqo kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe, nto leyo ephawula utshintsho lweTshayina ukusuka ekubeni ngumlandeli ukuya ekubeni yinkokeli kweli candelo. Okwangoku, iqela lophando liyaqhubeka nokusebenza namashishini ekwenzeni ngcono ngakumbi, liqhuba uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezintsha.

“Ukusuka eMhlabeni ukuya eNyangeni, amathuba okusetyenziswa kwefayibha ye-basalt adlulela ngaphaya kweesuti zokucima umlilo,” utshilo uXia Zhigang, ejonge kwixesha elizayo. Ucacisile ukuba iNyanga inomhlaba omninzi wenyanga onolwakhiwo olufana nolwe-basalt; kwixesha elizayo, amalaphu efayibha ye-basalt angasetyenziselwa ukwenza iisuti zasesibhakabhakeni kunye nokwenza lula ukwakhiwa kwenyanga, enceda uluntu ekuqhubekeni nophando lwenyanga.