Kua Tutuki te Ahumahi Muka Pātara i ngā Huarahi Hou o te Kounga i Ārahihia e ngā Paerewa Kounga

Nō nā tata nei, nā te angitu o te whakatinanatanga o ngā tono nui—pērā i te misioni tūhuratanga o te marama o Chang'e-6 me te tūāpapa whakatipu ika muka pāhare pākawa moana hohonu tuatahi o te ao—kei te tere te tere o te whakawhiti o te muka pāhare pākawa mai i te putanga rangahau taiwhanga ki tētahi rauemi rautaki hou me te hua ahumahi e kitea ana. Kei a ia ngā painga o te noho pai ki te taiao, te iti-waro, te mama, te kaha teitei, te ātete ki te huarere, me te ātete ki te waikura, kei te tautokona te muka pāhare pākawa e tētahi pūnaha whānui o te aroturuki kounga me ngā paerewa—e whakatutuki ana i ngā putanga hou i roto i te Rererangingā tono taumata--me te whānui o te hokohoko i roto i ngā rāngai ā-iwi, ā, mā reira ka whakarei ake i te whakataetae whānui o te umanga.

muka pātarati He rauemi muka kore-waro mahi-teitei tēnei i hangaia mai i te konganuku pātara tūturu. He tino pai ōna āhuatanga pēnei i te pumau puta noa i te whānuitanga o te pāmahana, te ātete ki te hihi, te ātete ki te waikura, me te hoahoa taiao. Kua tohua hei rauemi hou matomato rautaki mō te whanaketanga matua o te motu, ā, he whānui te whakamahinga puta noa i ngā rāngai nui tae atu ki te rererangi, te miihini moana, te hanga taputapu teitei, me te pūngao hou. Ko tētahi o ngā rauemi matua e tautoko ana i te panonitanga me te whakapai ake i te umanga hanga o tōku whenua, tae atu ki te whakatinanatanga o āna rautaki tiaki taiao.

I te marama o Hune 2025, i angitu te whakaoti a te waka rererangi Chang'e-6 i tana misioni ki te kohikohi tauira mai i te taha tawhiti o te Marama me te whakahoki mai ki te Ao; he mea whakamiharo, i hurahia he haki motu mama i runga i te waka rererangi o te waka rererangi ki runga i te mata o te marama. Ko ngā miro matua i whakamahia hei hanga i tēnei haki—he 11.3 karamu noa iho te taumaha—i hangaia mai i te rauemi muka basalt mahi-teitei i hangaia i roto i te motu. Ka mau tonu te mahi pumau o tēnei rauemi puta noa i te awhe pāmahana tino nui mai i te -269°C ki te 700°C, ā, he ātete tino pai ki te hihi me te waikura o te wāhi, e tino pai ai mō ngā āhuatanga mahi uaua me te kino e kitea ana i runga i te mata o te marama.

E ai ki ngā tohunga hangarau mai i te China Fiber Quality Monitoring Center, ko te Matū He tino rite te hanganga o te konganuku basalt ki te oneone o te marama, ā, he mea hototahi ki ngā taiao tino nui o waho o te whenua. Ehara i te mea he putanga nui tēnei tono angitu mō ngā rauemi muka basalt i hangaia i roto i te motu i roto i ngā āhuatanga rererangi - ā, ka pakaru te whakawhirinaki o te motu ki ngā puna o tāwāhi mō ngā rauemi muka motuhake kounga teitei - engari ka kohia hoki he wheako mahi nui mō ngā mahi a muri ake nei a tōku whenua ki te whakamahi i ngā rauemi o waho. Hei tāpiri, he tohu tēnei mō te whakaurunga mana o ngā rauemi muka mahi-teitei kua whakawhanakehia motuhaketia e tōku whenua ki roto i ngā rarangi o ngā tono rautaki ā-motu taumata teitei.

Ahakoa te whakahōhonu tonu i tana whai wāhi ki te rāngai rererangi teitei, kei te tere haere tonu te umanga muka basalt i te hokohoko me te tono nui o ana hua ki ngā mākete ā-iwi. Mā te whakamahi i ōna painga i roto i te whai huatanga utu me te mahi teitei, kei te puta ake te muka basalt hei rauemi tautoko matua mō te whakamama i ngā taputapu me te whakapai ake i ngā kaupapa hangarau. I roto i te mara o ngā taputapu teitei, he hauwhā noa iho te matotoru o ngā hiato muka basalt i te maitai, ā, he iti ake te utu i te muka waro, e tuku ana i ngā painga motuhake i runga i te hoahoa mama me te whai huatanga ōhanga. Ko te "HongHu-140" drone—i whakawhanakehia e tētahi umanga i Sichuan—e whakamahi ana i te hanganga tinana me te poroporo i hangaia ki te muka basalt, e eke ana ki te taumaha tango mōrahi o te 130 kirokaramu me te roa neke atu i te whā hāora. Inaianei kua whakamahia whānuitia i roto i ngā rāngai oranga tūmatanui pēnei i te tiaki tipu ahuwhenua, te tirotiro raina hiko, me ngā mahi whakaora ohorere.

I roto i te ao hangarau moana, i te marama o Tīhema 2025 i whakarewahia ai te papaaho ahumoana moana hohonu tuatahi o te ao i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi muka basalt i Lingao, Hainan. Kotahi hautoru noa iho te taumaha o tēnei hanganga auaha ki ngā papaaho maitai tuku iho, ā, ka taea e tēnei hanganga auaha te tu atu ki ngā awhiowhio nui o te kaha Kāwai 17, ā, e whakamanamana ana ki te roanga ratonga kua hoahoatia neke atu i te 30 tau. Ka whakatau pai i ngā take nui e pā ana ki ngā taputapu moana tuku iho—pēnei i te waikura, te koroheketanga, ngā utu tiaki teitei, me te ātete ngoikore ki te hau—nā reira ka tukuna he otinga hangarau hou mō te whanaketanga matomato, iti-waro, haumaru, me te whai hua o te umanga hī ika moana hou.

Ko te whanaketanga ā-rōpū o ngā pūnaha rauropi ahumahi he tūāpapa pakari mō te whakamahinga mahi a ngā hangarau me te whakawhānui ake i ngā horopaki whakamahinga. Hei pokapū ā-rohe matua mō te rangahau, te whanaketanga, me te whakaputa muka basalt whakauru, kua whakatūria e Sichuan tētahi pūnaha rauropi ahumahi whānui e whai ake nei "ngā whare rangahau ahumahi + ngā umanga tautoko i te taha whakarunga me te taha whakararo + ngā rau o ngā hua whakamahinga mutunga motuhake." Ka horapa tēnei mekameka uara i te whānuitanga katoa mai i te whakarite rauemi mata me te tukatuka rauemi hiato ki te tono hua whakamutunga. Kua angitu te whakatinanatanga o ngā hua e tika ana i roto i ngā kaupapa matua ā-motu—pērā i te Taunga Rererangi o Chengdu Tianfu me ngā turanga photovoltaic nui i Xinjiang—e whakanui tonu ana i te pānga whakaaturanga o te ahumahi.

Ko te whanaketanga kounga teitei o tētahi ahumahi e hono pūmau ana ki te tautoko pakari me te whakamana tika e whakaratohia ana e tētahi pūnaha paerewa kounga pakari. Hei te umanga hangarau mana e kawenga ana mō te aroturukitanga kounga muka i tōku whenua, kei te arotahi tonu te Pokapū Aroturuki Kounga Muka o Haina ki te aro atu ki ngā āhuatanga mamae nui o te ahumahi me te whakatutuki i ngā tono o ngā tono teitei i roto i te rāngai muka basalt. Mā te whakamahi katoa i ōna tūranga i roto i te kaiārahi kounga, te whakamanatanga paerewa, me te tautoko hangarau, ka whakatikatika tonu te Pokapū i āna pūnaha whakamātautau me te aromatawai mō ngā tohu mahi matua—tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana, te pumau matū, te ātete ki te huarere, me te haumaru—nā reira ka honoa ngā āputa i roto i ngā paerewa ahumahi me te whakahaere i ngā taumata kounga whakaputa. Hei whakamutunga, ka whakaratohia he turanga pakari mō te whakapumautanga kounga me te tautoko hangarau mō te whakahoutanga hangarau o te ahumahi, te whakapai ake i te hua, me te whakawhānui i te tono.