Ishishini le-Basalt Fiber lifezekisa impumelelo ephezulu eqhutywa yimigangatho yomgangatho

Kutshanje, ngokuphunyezwa ngempumelelo kwezicelo eziphambili—ezifana nomsebenzi wokuhlola iChang'e-6 enyangeni kunye neqonga lokuqala lehlabathi le-basalt fiber aquaculture—i-basalt fiber ikhawulezisa ngokukhawuleza utshintsho lwayo ukusuka kwisiphumo sophando lwelebhu ukuya kwisixhobo esitsha esinobuchule esinemveliso ebonakalayo yemizi-mveliso. Inezibonelelo ezidibeneyo zokuba nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, ingabi nakhabhoni ininzi, ilula, inamandla aphezulu, imelana nemozulu, kwaye ingenamhlwa, i-basalt fiber ngoku—iqiniswa yinkqubo ebanzi yokujonga umgangatho kunye nemigangatho—efikelela kwimpumelelo kwi Inqwelo-moya-ukusetyenziswa kwamanqanaba kunye nokuthengiswa okubanzi kumacandelo aseburhulumenteni, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula ngokuqhubekayo ukukhuphisana ngokubanzi kolu shishino.

Ifayibha yeBasalt yifayibha ye-inorganic esebenza kakhulu eveliswa kwi-basalt ore yendalo. Ineempawu ezibalaseleyo ezifana nokuzinza kumanqanaba obushushu abanzi, ukumelana nemisebe, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Ikhethwe njengesixhobo esitsha esiluhlaza esicwangcisiweyo sophuhliso lwesizwe oluphambili, isebenza kakhulu kumacandelo abalulekileyo kuquka i-aerospace, ubunjineli baselwandle, ukuveliswa kwezixhobo eziphezulu, kunye namandla amatsha. Ima njengenye yezixhobo eziphambili ezixhasa utshintsho kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini lemveliso lelizwe lam, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezicwangciso zalo zokukhusela okusingqongileyo.

NgoJuni ka-2025, i-Chang'e-6 probe yawugqiba ngempumelelo umsebenzi wayo wokuqokelela iisampulu ukusuka kwelinye icala leNyanga ize izibuyisele eMhlabeni; ngokukodwa, iflegi yesizwe ekhaphukhaphu eyayithwele i-lander ye-probe yavulwa ngempumelelo kumphezulu wenyanga. Imisonto engundoqo esetyenzisiweyo ukwenza le flegi—eyayinobunzima obuyi-11.3 grams kuphela—yenziwe ngezinto zefayibha ze-basalt eziveliswe ekhaya, ezisebenza kakuhle. Ezi zinto zigcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kumanqanaba obushushu aphezulu ukusuka kwi--269°C ukuya kwi-700°C kwaye zinokumelana okugqwesileyo kwimitha yesibhakabhaka kunye nokugqwala, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke ngokupheleleyo kwiimeko zokusebenza ezinzima nezinzima ezifumaneka kumphezulu wenyanga.

Ngokutsho kweengcali zobugcisa ezivela kwiZiko lokuJonga uMgangatho weFiber laseTshayina, Ikhemikhali Ukwakhiwa kwe-basalt ore kufana kakhulu nokomhlaba wenyanga, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ihambelane ngokwemvelo neendawo ezingaphandle komhlaba. Olu setyenziso luphumeleleyo alubonisi nje kuphela impumelelo enkulu kwizixhobo ze-basalt fiber eziveliswa ekhaya kwiimeko ze-aerospace-ngaloo ndlela ziphula ukuxhomekeka kwesizwe kwimithombo yangaphandle kwizixhobo ze-fiber ezikhethekileyo eziphezulu-kodwa ziqokelela amava abalulekileyo asebenzayo kwimizamo yexesha elizayo yelizwe lam ekusebenziseni izixhobo zangaphandle komhlaba. Ngaphezu koko, luphawula ukungena ngokusesikweni kwezixhobo ze-fiber eziphuhliswe ngokuzimeleyo kwilizwe lam kwiinqanaba zezicelo zesicwangciso selizwe eziphezulu.

Ngelixa iqhubeka nokuqinisa ukubandakanyeka kwayo kwicandelo leenqwelo-moya ezikumgangatho ophezulu, imboni yefayibha ye-basalt ngaxeshanye ikhawulezisa ukuthengiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa okukhulu kweemveliso zayo kwiimarike zabantu. Isebenzisa iingenelo zayo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kweendleko kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu, ifayibha ye-basalt ivela njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuxhasa ukukhanyiswa kwezixhobo kunye nokuphuculwa okuluhlaza kweeprojekthi zobunjineli. Kwicandelo lezixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ii-composites zefayibha ye-basalt ziqhayisa ngoxinano oluyikota enye kuneyentsimbi kwaye ixabiso liphantsi kakhulu kunelefayibha yekhabhoni, zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo ngokubhekiselele kuyilo olukhaphukhaphu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho. I-drone ethi "HongHu-140" - eyenziwe lishishini eSichuan - isebenzisa isakhiwo se-fuselage kunye ne-propeller esenziwe ngefayibha ye-basalt, ifikelela ubunzima obukhulu bokusuka obuziikhilogram ezili-130 kunye nokunyamezela okungaphezulu kweeyure ezine. Ngoku isetyenziswa kakhulu kumacandelo entlalontle yoluntu afana nokukhuselwa kwezityalo zezolimo, ukuhlolwa kwemigca yombane, kunye nemisebenzi yokuhlangula engxamisekileyo.

Kwicandelo lobunjineli baselwandle, uDisemba ka-2025 waphawula ukuqaliswa ngokusesikweni kweqonga lokuqala lokudada emanzini elinzulu ehlabathini elakhiwe ngee-composites ze-basalt fiber eLingao, eHainan. Eli qonga litsha linobunzima obuyi-1/3 kuphela kumaqonga esinyithi emveli, kwaye linobunzima obuyilwe bungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30. Lisombulula ngempumelelo imiba ebalulekileyo enxulumene nezixhobo zaselwandle zemveli—ezifana nokugqwala, ukuguga, iindleko eziphezulu zokugcinwa, kunye nokunganyamezelani nomoya—ngaloo ndlela libonelela ngesisombululo esitsha sobuchwephesha sophuhliso oluluhlaza, olunekhabhoni ephantsi, olukhuselekileyo, nolusebenzayo lweshishini lokuloba laselwandle lanamhlanje.

Uphuhliso oludibeneyo lweenkqubo zoshishino lusebenza njengesiseko esomeleleyo sokusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha kunye nokwandiswa kweemeko zokusetyenziswa. Njengesikhungo esiphambili sasekhaya sophando oludibeneyo, uphuhliso, kunye nemveliso ye-basalt fiber, iSichuan iseke inkqubo zoshishino ebanzi equka "amaziko ophando lwezoshishino + amashishini axhasayo asezantsi naphezulu + amakhulu eemveliso ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa." Olu luhlu lwexabiso lugubungela lonke uluhlu ukusuka ekulungisweni kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokucutshungulwa kwezinto ezidityanisiweyo ukuya ekusetyenzisweni kwemveliso yokugqibela. Iimveliso ezifanelekileyo zisetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwiiprojekthi eziphambili zesizwe—ezifana neChengdu Tianfu International Airport kunye neziseko ezinkulu ze-photovoltaic eXinjiang—ngokuqhubekayo zikhulisa impembelelo yokubonisa yeshishini.

Uphuhliso olusemgangathweni lwalo naliphi na ishishini luqhagamshelwe ngokungenakwahlulwa kwinkxaso eqinileyo kunye nokunika amandla ngokuchanekileyo okunikezelwa yinkqubo eqinileyo yomgangatho. Njengeziko lobuchwephesha elinegunya elijongene nokubeka iliso kumgangatho wefayibha kwilizwe lam, iZiko lokuJonga uMgangatho weFayibha laseTshayina lihlala ligxile ekujongeni iindawo ezibalulekileyo zeshishini kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zezicelo eziphezulu kwicandelo lefayibha ye-basalt. Ngokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo iindima zalo kubunkokeli bomgangatho, ukuxhobisa imigangatho, kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa, iZiko lihlala lihlaziya iinkqubo zalo zovavanyo kunye novavanyo lweempawu zokusebenza eziphambili-kubandakanya iipropati zomzimba, uzinzo lweekhemikhali, ukumelana nemozulu, kunye nokhuseleko-ngaloo ndlela livala izikhewu kwimigangatho yoshishino kunye nokulawula amanqanaba omgangatho wemveliso. Ekugqibeleni, oku kubonelela ngesiseko esiqinileyo sokuqinisekiswa komgangatho kunye nenkxaso yobuchwepheshe yokuhlaziywa kwetekhnoloji yoshishino, ukuphuculwa kwemveliso, kunye nokwandiswa kwesicelo.