Imboni Yefayibha Yebasalt Ifinyelela Impumelelo Esezingeni Eliphezulu Eqhutshwa Yizindinganiso Zekhwalithi

Muva nje, ngokufezwa ngempumelelo kwezicelo ezinkulu—njengomsebenzi wokuhlola i-Chang'e-6 enyangeni kanye neplatifomu yokuqala yomhlaba yokufuya i-basalt fiber emhlabeni—i-basalt fiber isheshisa ngokushesha ukuguqulwa kwayo kusuka emphumeleni wocwaningo lwelabhorethri ibe yinto entsha ehlakaniphile enomkhiqizo wezimboni obonakalayo. Inezinzuzo ezihlangene zokuba nobungane nemvelo, ingabi nekhabhoni eningi, ilula, inamandla aphezulu, imelana nesimo sezulu, futhi ivikele ukugqwala, i-basalt fiber manje—iqiniswa uhlelo oluphelele lokuqapha nezindinganiso zekhwalithi—ifinyelela impumelelo e- Izindiza-ukusetshenziswa kwamazinga kanye nokuhweba okusabalele emikhakheni yabantu abavamile, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwemboni iyonke njalo.

I-Basalt fiber iwuhlobo lwe-fiber olungasebenzi kahle olukhiqizwa nge-basalt ore yemvelo. Inezici ezivelele ezifana nokuqina ebangeni elibanzi lokushisa, ukumelana nemisebe, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nobungane nemvelo. Iqokwe njengento entsha eluhlaza ehloselwe intuthuko kazwelonke, isebenza kabanzi emikhakheni ebalulekile kufaka phakathi izindiza, ubunjiniyela basolwandle, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini ephezulu, kanye namandla amasha. Ima njengenye yezinto eziyinhloko ezisekela ukuguqulwa nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokukhiqiza yezwe lami, kanye nokuqaliswa kwamasu ayo okuvikela imvelo.

NgoJuni 2025, i-Chang'e-6 probe yaqeda ngempumelelo umsebenzi wayo wokuqoqa amasampula ohlangothini olude lweNyanga bese iwabuyisela eMhlabeni; okuphawulekayo, ifulege lesizwe elilula elalithwelwe endaweni yokungena kwe-probe lavulwa ngempumelelo ebusweni benyanga. Izintambo eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswe ukukhiqiza leli fulege—elalinesisindo esingamagremu angu-11.3 kuphela—zenziwe ngezinto ezikhiqizwe ekhaya, ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ze-basalt fiber. Lezi zinto zigcina ukusebenza okuzinzile ebangeni lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu elisuka ku--269°C kuya ku-700°C futhi zinokumelana okumangalisayo nemisebe yasemkhathini kanye nokugqwala, okwenza lifaneleke kahle ezimweni zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinzima ezitholakala ebusweni benyanga.

Ngokusho kochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe abavela e-China Fiber Quality Monitoring Center, Amakhemikhali Ukwakheka kwe-basalt ore kufana kakhulu nokwenhlabathi yenyanga, okwenza ivumelane ngokwemvelo nezindawo ezingaphandle komhlaba. Lokhu kusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo akumeleli nje kuphela impumelelo enkulu yezinto ze-basalt fiber ezikhiqizwa ekhaya ezimweni zezinga lezindiza—ngaleyo ndlela kuphula ukuthembela kwesizwe emithonjeni yangaphandle yezinto ze-fiber ezikhethekile zezinga eliphezulu—kodwa futhi kuqoqa ulwazi olubalulekile olusebenzayo lwemizamo yesikhathi esizayo yezwe lami ekusetshenzisweni kwezinsizakusebenza zangaphandle komhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphawula ukungena okusemthethweni kwezinto ze-fiber ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zezwe lami ezithuthukiswe ngokuzimela zibe yizinhlelo zokusebenza zezwe eziphezulu.

Ngenkathi iqhubeka nokujulisa ukuzibandakanya kwayo emkhakheni wezindiza osezingeni eliphezulu, imboni yefayibha ye-basalt isheshisa ngasikhathi sinye ukuthengiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwemikhiqizo yayo ezimakethe zomphakathi. Isebenzisa izinzuzo zayo kokubili ekusebenzeni kahle kwezindleko kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu, ifayibha ye-basalt ivela njengento ebalulekile yokusekela ukukhanyisa imishini kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuluhlaza kwamaphrojekthi obunjiniyela. Emkhakheni wemishini esezingeni eliphezulu, izinhlanganisela zefayibha ye-basalt ziqhosha ngobuningi obuyingxenye eyodwa kwezine nje yensimbi futhi izindleko ziphansi kakhulu kunefayibha yekhabhoni, zinikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile maqondana nomklamo olula kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezomnotho. I-drone ethi "HongHu-140" - eyakhiwa yibhizinisi eSichuan - isebenzisa isakhiwo se-fuselage kanye ne-propeller esenziwe ngefayibha ye-basalt, ifinyelela isisindo esiphezulu sokusuka esingamakhilogremu angu-130 kanye nokuqina okungaphezu kwamahora amane. Manje isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yezenhlalakahle yomphakathi njengokuvikelwa kwezitshalo zezolimo, ukuhlolwa kwemigqa kagesi, kanye nemisebenzi yokusindisa eziphuthumayo.

Emkhakheni wobunjiniyela basolwandle, uDisemba 2025 waphawula ukwethulwa okusemthethweni kwepulatifomu yokuqala emhlabeni yokuntanta emanzini olwandle olujulile eyakhiwe nge-basalt fiber composites eLingao, eHainan. Njengoba inesisindo esiyingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kuphela kunezinkundla zensimbi zendabuko, lesi sakhiwo esisha siyakwazi ukumelana nezivunguvungu ezinkulu zeSigaba 17 futhi sinokuphila kwenkonzo okuklanyelwe okungaphezu kweminyaka engama-30. Sixazulula ngempumelelo izinkinga ezibalulekile ezihlobene nemishini yasolwandle yendabuko—njengokugqwala, ukuguga, izindleko zokulungisa eziphakeme, kanye nokumelana nomoya okubi—ngaleyo ndlela sinikeza ikhambi lobuchwepheshe elisha lentuthuko eluhlaza, ephansi kwekhabhoni, ephephile, futhi ephumelelayo embonini yesimanje yokudoba olwandle.

Ukuthuthukiswa okuhlanganisiwe kwezindawo zemvelo zezimboni kusebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokwandiswa kwezimo zokusetshenziswa. Njengesikhungo esihamba phambili sasekhaya socwaningo oluhlanganisiwe, ukuthuthukiswa, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-basalt fiber, iSichuan isungule indawo ebanzi yezimboni equkethe "izikhungo zocwaningo zezimboni + amabhizinisi asekelayo angenhla nangezansi + amakhulu emikhiqizo yokusetshenziswa kokugcina ehlukile." Lolu chungechunge lwenani luhlanganisa lonke ububanzi kusukela ekulungisweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe kuya ekusetshenzisweni komkhiqizo wokugcina. Imikhiqizo efanele isetshenziswe ngempumelelo kumaphrojekthi kazwelonke abalulekile—njengeChengdu Tianfu International Airport kanye nezisekelo ezinkulu ze-photovoltaic eXinjiang—ngokwandisa njalo umphumela wokuboniswa kwemboni.

Intuthuko yekhwalithi ephezulu yanoma yimuphi umkhakha ixhumene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nokusekelwa okuqinile kanye nokunikezwa amandla okunembile okunikezwa uhlelo oluqinile lwezinga lekhwalithi. Njengesikhungo sobuchwepheshe esinegunya esinomthwalo wokuqapha ikhwalithi yefayibha ezweni lami, i-China Fiber Quality Monitoring Center ihlala igxile kakhulu ekubhekaneni nezindawo ezibucayi zomkhakha kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zezicelo eziphezulu emkhakheni wefayibha ye-basalt. Ngokusebenzisa ngokugcwele izindima zayo ebuholini bekhwalithi, ukunikezwa kwamandla ezindinganiso, kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe, i-Center iqhubeka nokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zayo zokuhlola nokuhlola izinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile—kufaka phakathi izakhiwo zomzimba, ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, kanye nokuphepha—ngaleyo ndlela ivala izikhala ezindinganisweni zomkhakha kanye nokulawula amazinga ekhwalithi yokukhiqiza. Ekugcineni, lokhu kunikeza isisekelo esiqinile sokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe kokuvuselelwa kobuchwepheshe bomkhakha, ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, kanye nokwandiswa kohlelo lokusebenza.