Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Basalt Fiber Technology

Izinto Ezisetshenziswayo kanye Nenqubo Yokukhiqiza

Impahla eluhlaza ye i-basalt fiber kuyinto i-volcanic basalt rock. Yakho Amakhemikhali ukwakheka ngokuyinhloko kuyi-silicon dioxide ne-aluminium oxide, ehambisana nama-oxide ensimbi, i-calcium, nabanye. Ngemva kokuchotshozwa nokuhlanzwa, insimbi ifakwa esithandweni esincibilikayo, lapho incibilikiswa khona ibe i-magma ene-homogeneous ekushiseni okuphezulu kwendawo yonke. 1500°C, bese idonswa emicu eqhubekayo nge-platinum-rhodium alloy spinneret.

Uma kuqhathaniswa I-Glass Fiber,i-basalt fiber iqeda inqubo yokuhlanganisa futhi isebenzisa izinto ezingavuthiwe ezingaphezulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenqubo ye-carbonization eyinkimbinkimbi ye-carbon fiber, edinga isandulela sezinto eziphilayo, inqubo yayo yokukhiqiza iqondile. Kodwa-ke, ukushintshashintsha ekubunjweni kwe-basalt ore kungathinta ukuzinza kwe-fiber, okudinga ukuhlolwa okuqinile kwezinto ezingavuthiwe.

Izici Zokusebenza Komzimba Namakhemikhali

(1) Izici zikaMechanical: Amandla aqinile we i-basalt fiber iphakathi kwaleyo yefayibha yengilazi evamile kanye ne-carbon fiber, ngokuvamile esukela ku-3000 kuya ku-4800 MPa, enemodulus enwebekayo ecishe ibe ngu-90-110 GPa. Lokhu kuphakeme kune-E-glass fiber kodwa kuphansi kune-high-modulus carbon fiber. Ubude bayo ngesikhathi sekhefu cishe bungama-3%, okubonisa izinga elithile lokuqina.

(2) Ukumelana Nezinga lokushisa: Izinga lokushisa elisebenza isikhathi eside liyi -260°C kuya ku-700°C, elinokumelana nezinga lokushisa okukhona ngaleso sikhathi kufika ku-1000°C. Lokhu kuphakeme kunemicu eminingi yezinto eziphilayo kanye nemicu yengilazi evamile, imicu ye-ceramic esondelayo kodwa ngezindleko eziphansi.

(3) Ukumelana Nokugqwala: Ukuzinza kwayo endaweni ene-asidi ne-alkali kungcono kunefayibha yengilazi, ikakhulukazi ukukhombisa cishe ukungagqwali ebangeni le-pH 2-11, okuyenza ifanelekele izindawo ezinokhahlo njengezimo ezimanzi nesifutho sikasawoti.

(4) Ezinye Izakhiwo: Ine-a conductivity ephansi ye-thermal (approx. $0.03\text{W/m}\cdot \text{K}$), ukusebenza kahle kokufakwa kukagesi, kanye nezinga lokumunca umswakama elingaphansi kuka $0.1\%$.

Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezinkambu Zokufaka Isicelo

(1) Ukuqiniswa Kwezokwakha: Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-rebar yensimbi yendabuko, I-basalt fiber rebar ayisindi futhi imelana nokugqwala, egwema inkinga ye-concrete carbonation, nakuba izindleko zayo zokuqala ziphezulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-carbon fibre rebar, iyanikeza ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko.

(2) I-Automotive Lightweighting: Ezingxenyeni ezinjengama-brake pads kanye nezihlangu zokushisa ezikhipha umoya, ihambisana nemvelo kune-asbestos futhi inciphisa isisindo $30\%$ uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zensimbi.

(3) Izinto zikagesi: Isetshenziswa njengento eqinisayo yamabhodi esekethe, ukusebenza kwayo kwe-dielectric kuphakeme kune-glass fiber, futhi igwema izinkinga zokuvikela isignali.

(4) Izinto Zokuhlunga: Ukumelana kwayo nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kuyinikeza inzuzo ephawulekayo ngaphezu kwezihlungi zemicu yamakhemikhali emkhakheni wokuhlunga kwegesi ye-flue ephezulu.

Ukulinganiselwa Kwezobuchwepheshe

(1) Izindleko Zokukhiqiza: Intengo yamanje ye-basalt fiber cishe izikhathi ezingu-2-3 kune-E-glass fiber, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuncibilika okuphezulu kanye nokugqoka okubalulekile kwe-spinneret. Ukukhiqizwa kwezinga elikhulu kungase kunciphise lokhu kube izikhathi ezingaba ngu-1.5 kunezomucu wengilazi.

(2) Ukulawulwa Kwenqubo: Ukufana kokuncibilika kuthinta kakhulu ububanzi befiber, okudinga ukulawulwa okunembile kwenkambu yokushisa kanye nesivinini sokudweba.

(3) Ukuzivumelanisa Nokucubungula Okujulile: Ukukhethwa kwama-ejenti ahlanganisayo ukuze kuhlanganiswe nomatikuletsheni we-resin kuqine kakhulu kunefayibha yengilazi, edinga ukuthuthukiswa okuqondisiwe.

Amathrendi Okuthuthukiswa Kwezobuchwepheshe

(1) I-Raw Material Purification Technology: Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezinjengokuhlukanisa kazibuthe kanye nokuntanta ukuze kuncishiswe insimbi ku-ore, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kokuncibilika.

(2) Ukuthuthukiswa Kwenqubo Yokuncibilika: Ukuthuthukisa ama-kilns amasha ashisayo e-electrode ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla cishe $20\%$ uma kuqhathaniswa neziko ezishibhile ezibaswa ngegesi.

(3) Ukuhlukahluka Kwemikhiqizo: Izinhlobo ezikhethekile ezifana ne-ultra-fine fibers (ububanzi be-filament eyodwa $3-5m\text{m}$) nemicu eneziphambano ezingezona eziyindilinga iye yathuthukiswa.

(4) Ukugaywa kabusha: Imfucumfucu ingachotshozwa futhi isetshenziswe njenge ama-admixtures kukhonkolo, ukufeza ukusakazwa kwezinsiza.

Isiphetho

Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imicu esebenza kahle kakhulu, inzuzo eyinhloko ye i-basalt fiber ilele ohlelweni lwayo lwezinto ezingavuthiwe zemvelo kanye nokusebenza okuphelele okunokulinganisela. Nakuba amandla ayo aziwayo engephezulu njenge-carbon fiber, futhi umkhawulo wawo wokushisa uphansi kune-ceramic fiber, ubungane bayo bemvelo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko kuyenza ingenakushintshwa emikhakheni eyahlukene yezimboni. Ngokulungiswa okuqhubekayo kwenqubo yokukhiqiza, uhla lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zalo kulindeleke ukuthi lukhule ngokuqhubekayo.