Isesengura rya tekinoroji ya Basalt

Ibikoresho bibisi hamwe nuburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro

Ibikoresho fatizo kuri fibre ni ikirunga cya basalt. Yayo Imiti ibihimbano ahanini ni dioxyde ya silicon na aluminium oxyde, byunganirwa na oxyde ya fer, calcium, nibindi. Nyuma yo kumenagura no gukora isuku, ubutare bugaburirwa mu itanura rishonga, aho bishongeshwa muri magma bahuje igitsina ku bushyuhe bwinshi bwo hafi 1500 ° C, hanyuma ugashushanya muri fibre ikomeza binyuze muri platine-rhodium alloy spinneret.

Ugereranije na Ikirahure,fibre ikuraho inzira yo gutunganya kandi ikoresha ibintu byinshi bidasanzwe. Ugereranije nuburyo bugoye bwa karubone ya fibre ya karubone, isaba précoriste organique, uburyo bwo kuyibyaza umusaruro buragaragara. Ariko rero, ihindagurika ryibigize ubutare bwa basalt birashobora kugira ingaruka kuri fibre itajegajega, bikenera gusuzumwa neza.

Ibiranga umubiri na chimique Ibiranga

(1) Ibikoresho bya mashini: Imbaraga zingana za fibre ni hagati yicyuma gisanzwe cyibirahure na fibre karubone, mubisanzwe kuva kuri 3000 kugeza 4800 MPa, hamwe na moderi ya elastike igera kuri 90-110 GPa. Ibi biruta fibre ya E-ibirahure ariko biri munsi ya moderi ya karubone yo hejuru. Kurambura kwayo kuruhuka ni 3%, byerekana urwego runaka rwo gukomera.

(2) Kurwanya Ubushyuhe: Ubushyuhe bumara igihe kirekire ni -260 ° C kugeza kuri 700 ° C, hamwe nubushyuhe bwihuse bugera kuri 1000 ° C. Ibi biruta fibre nyinshi kama nibisanzwe byikirahure, byegereye fibre ceramic ariko kubiciro buke.

(3) Kurwanya ruswa: Ihungabana ryayo muri acide na alkali ibidukikije biruta fibre yikirahure, cyane cyane yerekana ko nta ruswa iri murwego rwa pH 2-11, bigatuma ibera ahantu habi nko mubihe bitose hamwe no gutera umunyu.

(4) Ibindi Byiza: Ifite a ubushyuhe buke buke (hafi. $0.03\text{W / m}\cdot \text{K.}$), imikorere myiza yumuriro wamashanyarazi, nigipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi kiri munsi ya $0.1\%$.

Kugereranya kwa Porogaramu

(1) Gushimangira Ubwubatsi: Ugereranije nicyuma gakondo, rezo ya basalt ni ntoya kandi irwanya ruswa, irinda ikibazo cya karuboni ya beto, nubwo igiciro cyayo cyambere ari kinini. Ugereranije na karuboni fibre rebar, iratanga uburyo bwiza bwo gukora neza.

(2) Kuremerera ibinyabiziga: Mubice nka feri ya feri hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro, byangiza ibidukikije kuruta asibesitosi kandi bigabanya kugabanya ibiro hejuru $30\%$ ugereranije nibikoresho byuma.

(3) Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki: Ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bishimangira imbaho ​​zumuzunguruko, imikorere ya dielectric iruta fibre yikirahure, kandi irinda ibibazo byo gukingira ibimenyetso.

(4) Ibikoresho byo kuyungurura: Kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru birayiha inyungu zingenzi kuruta fibre ya fibre ya chimique mu rwego rwo kuyungurura gazi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru.

Imipaka ya tekinike

(1) Igiciro cy'umusaruro: Igiciro kiriho fibre ya basalt yikubye inshuro 2-3 ugereranije na E-ikirahure cya fibre, cyane cyane bitewe ningufu nyinshi zishonga hamwe no kwambara spinneret. Umusaruro munini urashobora kugabanya ibi bikubye inshuro 1.5 iy'ibirahure.

(2) Kugenzura inzira: Uburinganire bwashonga bugira ingaruka cyane kuri diameter ya fibre, bisaba kugenzura neza umurima wubushyuhe no gushushanya umuvuduko.

(3) Gutunganya ibintu byimbitse: Guhitamo ibikoresho byo guhuza hamwe na resin matrices birakomeye kuruta kubirahuri bya fibre, bisaba guhitamo neza.

Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga

(1) Ikoranabuhanga rito ryo kweza ibikoresho: Gukoresha uburyo nko gutandukanya magnetiki na flotation kugirango ugabanye ibyuma biri mu bucukuzi, bityo bitezimbere gushonga.

(2) Gutezimbere uburyo bwo gushonga: Gutezimbere amashanyarazi mashya ashyushye kugirango ugabanye ingufu hafi $20\%$ ugereranije n'amatara gakondo akoreshwa na gaze.

(3) Gutandukanya ibicuruzwa: Ubwoko bwihariye nka fibre ultra-nziza (diameter imwe ya filament $3-5m\text{m}$) hamwe na fibre hamwe nizunguruka zidafite uruziga.

(4) Gusubiramo: Imyanda yimyanda irashobora guhonyorwa no gukoreshwa nka imvange zifatika, kugera kumitungo ikwirakwizwa.

Umwanzuro

Ugereranije nizindi mikorere-fibre yo hejuru, inyungu yibanze ya fibre ibeshya muri byose-karemano yibikoresho fatizo kandi iringaniza imikorere yuzuye. Nubwo imbaraga zayo zizwi zitari hejuru nka fibre ya karubone, kandi ubushyuhe bwayo buri munsi ya fibre ceramic, ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije no gukoresha neza ibicuruzwa bituma bidasimburwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda. Hamwe nogukomeza gutezimbere ibikorwa, umusaruro wabyo uteganijwe kwaguka kurushaho.