ʻO ke olonā basalt: Mea hou ʻōmaʻomaʻo hana kiʻekiʻe, kāna mau huahana, a me nā noi

Mea olonā basaltHe mana koʻikoʻi kona hoʻohana ʻana. No laila, pehea e hana ʻia ai ke olonā basalt? He olonā hoʻomau ia i hana ʻia ma ke kaha kiʻi wikiwiki o ka mea pōhaku basalt ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana ma 1450°C a i 1500°C ma o kahi spinneret platinum-rhodium alloy. He ʻeleʻele a gula paha ke kala o ke olonā basalt. He ʻano hou ka olonā basalt o ka mea olonā inorganic, ʻoluʻolu i ke kaiapuni, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, hana kiʻekiʻe. He mea hou ia no ke kenekulia 21 he ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻoluʻolu i ke kaiapuni, a ʻaʻole haumia, a ʻo ia kekahi o nā olonā hana kiʻekiʻe ʻehā o Kina. Hōʻike ka olonā basalt i nā waiwai maikaʻi loa ma ke ʻano o ka ikaika, ke kūʻē ʻana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa, ke kūʻē ʻana i ka palaho, ka pale wela, ka pale leo, ka pale lapalapa, a me Kemika a me ka pale uila.

Ka Holo ʻana o ka Fiber Basalt

He pūʻulu i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i hana ʻia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā filaments like ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​​​filaments like hoʻokahi me ka ʻole o ka wili ʻana. ʻO ka ikaika tensile o 7 - 13 μm roving he ≥0.65 N/tex, ʻo ka modulus elastic he ≥95 GPa, a ʻo ka elongation i ka haki he ≥2.6%. ʻO ke olonā basalt ʻAʻole wale ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka modulus kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kūpaʻa hopena e like me nā olonā ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe e like me PPTA (Poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide) a me UHMWPE (Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene), akā he kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe maikaʻi loa a me ke kūpaʻa māmā. ʻOi loa, kiʻekiʻe loa ka ikaika hoʻopili interface me ka resin. No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka basalt roving o nā kikoʻī like ʻole no ka ulana ʻana, ka wili ʻana, a me ka ulana ʻana i nā preforms mea composite like ʻole.

ʻO ka huluhulu lole olonā basalt

He olonā ia i hana ʻia ma ka wili ʻana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā filament fiber basalt he nui, me ke anawaena monofilament maʻamau ≤ 9 μm. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ākea ʻia ka olonā lole i loko o ka olonā no ka ulana ʻana a me ka olonā no nā hoʻohana ʻoihana ʻē aʻe; ʻo ke olonā ulana ʻana ma ke ʻano he mau bobbins paipu a me nā bobbins conical.

Kaula ʻokiʻoki ʻia o ka fiber basalt

He huahana ia i hana ʻia ma ke ʻoki ʻana i nā filament fiber basalt hoʻomau. Ua uhi ʻia nā olonā me kahi mea hoʻonui (silane). No laila, ʻo ke kaula i ʻoki ʻia i ka fiber basalt ka mea i koho ʻia no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā resins thermoplastic a ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka sima. He ʻāpana pōhaku pele hana kiʻekiʻe ʻo Basalt. Hāʻawi kēia silicate kūikawā i ka fiber basalt i ke kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi loa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa alkali. No laila, he mea maikaʻi loa ka fiber basalt e pani i ka polypropylene (PP) a me ka polyacrylonitrile (PAN) no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka sima sima; he huahana hoʻokūkū kiʻekiʻe hoʻi ia e pani i nā olonā polyester, nā olonā lignin, a pēlā aku, i loko o ka sima asphalt, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa wela, a me ke kūpaʻa luhi o ka sima asphalt.

ʻO ka olonā i hoʻopili ʻia me ka fiber basalt

Hoʻopili ʻia ka olonā olonā basalt ma o kahi mīkini hana kiʻekiʻe e hana i ka olonā i hoʻopili ʻia i ka olonā basalt. ʻO ke kumumanaʻo hana: komo kahi kahe ea wikiwiki i ke kahawai hana, e hana ana i ka haunaele. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia haunaele e hoʻopuehu i nā olonā basalt, e hana ana iā lākou e hana i nā olonā e like me ke apo, a laila e hāʻawi ana i ka nui i ka olonā basalt a hana i ka olonā i hoʻopili ʻia.

ʻO ka lole fiber basalt, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻO ka lole ulana pulupulu basalt

Ua ulana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke olonā basalt hana kiʻekiʻe ma hope o nā kaʻina hana e like me ka wili ʻana a me ka warping. He lole hana kiʻekiʻe ka lole olonā basalt me ​​nā waiwai maikaʻi loa, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ke ʻano like, ka ʻili pālahalaha, a me nā ʻano ulana like ʻole. Hiki ke ulana ʻia i loko o nā lole haʻahaʻa, hanu, māmā, a lahilahi, a i ʻole nā ​​lole kiʻekiʻe, ikaika kiʻekiʻe, mānoanoa, a paʻakikī. ʻO nā lole olonā basalt maʻamau e komo pū me ka ulana maʻamau olonā basalt, ka ulana twill olonā basalt, ka ulana satin olonā basalt, ka ulana pālua olonā basalt, ka lipine olonā basalt, a pēlā aku.

ʻO ka nila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka nila basalt fiber

Ua kāʻei ʻia ke kaula i ʻoki ʻia me ke olonā basalt, a laila ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ka papa moena i ʻoki ʻia a hoʻohui ʻia me kahi scrim me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻina hana needling a hydroentangling paha e hana i kahi ʻāpana i hoʻohui ʻia. A laila mālama ʻia ma o ka impregnation a me ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana e hana i ka felt i hoʻopau ʻia me ka nila (hiki ke kāpae ʻia ma hope o ka mālama ʻana).

Nā Hui Pū ʻIa Fiber Basalt

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā olonā ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe e like me ke olonā kalapona, aramid, a me ke olonā polyethylene kaumaha molekala kiʻekiʻe loa (UHMWPE), ʻaʻole wale ka olonā basalt i loaʻa ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻano modulus kiʻekiʻe o nā olonā ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe, akā he mau waiwai maikaʻi loa hoʻi e like me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe maikaʻi (-269°C a i 760°C), ke kūpaʻa oxidation, ke kūpaʻa radiation, ka insulation thermal, ka insulation leo, ka kānana maikaʻi, ka ikaika compressive kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika shear, a me ke kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, me ka lakio hana-kumukūʻai maikaʻi. He mea kūlohelohe inorganic non-metallic maʻemaʻe a he mea kumu hou a me ke olonā ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hoʻokō i nā pono hoʻomohala o nā ʻoihana kumu o ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni. Hiki i ke olonā basalt a me kāna mau composites ke hoʻokō maikaʻi i nā pono o nā mea kūkulu ma nā kahua e like me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pale aupuni, ka halihali, ke kūkulu ʻana, ka ʻoihana petrochemical, ka palekana o ke kaiapuni, nā mea uila, ka mokulele, a me ka aerospace, e pāʻani ana i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pale aupuni, nā papahana nui, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hale ʻoihana. He mea ʻōmaʻomaʻo ia e hoʻokō ana i nā koi o ke kaiapuni o ke kenekulia 21 a he ʻoihana mea hou hoʻokūkū me ka hoʻomohala mau ʻana i ka ʻāpana fiber ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe o ka honua. Ma ke ʻano kūikawā, ua loaʻa iā Kina nā kuleana waiwai kūʻokoʻa no ka ʻenehana hana fiber basalt a me ke kaʻina hana, a ua hoʻokō i kahi pae alakaʻi honua me kahi "pōmaikaʻi ma hope." No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ikaika ʻana i ka fiber basalt a me kāna ʻoihana mea hui pū ʻia he mea nui loa ia.

Ka Hoʻohana ʻana o ka Fiber Basalt i nā lole hana

He ikaika kiʻekiʻe ka lole olonā basalt, pale lapalapa mau loa, hiki ke kū i nā mahana pōkole ma luna o 1000°C, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi i loko o kahi ʻano 760°C, e lilo ia i pani kūpono no ka asbestos a me ka lole olonā aniani. He ikaika haki kiʻekiʻe ka lole olonā basalt, kūpaʻa i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe, a pale lapalapa mau loa. He koho haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai i nā olonā hana kiʻekiʻe a holomua e like me Nomex (Aramid 1313), Kevlar (Aramid 1414), Zylon (fiber PBO), a me ke olonā kalapona. Hiki ke hoʻoluʻu ʻia a paʻi ʻia ka lole olonā basalt ma hope o ka hoʻoluʻu kemika a me ka hoʻopau ʻana. Ma hope o ka hoʻopau hana, e like me ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka organofluorine, hiki ke hana ʻia i lole pale ʻaila, pale wai, a pale lapalapa mau loa. ʻO nā lole e hiki ke hana ʻia mai ka lole olonā basalt e komo pū ana me: nā lako hoʻihoʻi ahi, nā lole insulation thermal, nā lole kokoke, nā lole pale no nā limahana umu, nā lole hana wili, a me nā lole pale lapalapa no nā luina kaʻa kaua koa, a pēlā aku.