Ulusi wa Basalt: Zinthu Zatsopano Zobiriwira Zogwira Ntchito Kwambiri, Zogulitsa Zake, ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito

Zida za ulusi wa basaltIli ndi ntchito zamphamvu. Ndiye, kodi ulusi wa basalt umapangidwa bwanji? Ndi ulusi wopitilira womwe umapangidwa ndi kujambula mwachangu kwa zinthu za miyala ya basalt pambuyo poti zasungunuka pa 1450°C mpaka 1500°C kudzera mu platinum-rhodium alloy spinneret. Ulusi wa basalt ndi wabulauni kapena wagolide. Ulusi wa basalt ndi mtundu watsopano wa ulusi wosapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, wosamalira chilengedwe, wobiriwira, komanso wothandiza kwambiri. Ndi chinthu chatsopano cha m'zaka za zana la 21 chomwe ndi chobiriwira, chosamalira chilengedwe, komanso chosadetsa, ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa ulusi waukulu anayi waku China wothandiza kwambiri. Ulusi wa basalt umasonyeza makhalidwe abwino kwambiri pankhani ya mphamvu, kukana kutentha kwambiri ndi kotsika, kukana dzimbiri, kutchinjiriza kutentha, kutchinjiriza mawu, kuletsa moto, komanso Mankhwala ndi kutchinjiriza magetsi.

Basalt Fiber Roving

Ndi mtolo wosonkhanitsidwa womwe umapangidwa pophatikiza ulusi wambiri wofanana kapena ulusi umodzi wofanana popanda kupotoka. Mphamvu yokoka ya 7 - 13 μm poyenda ndi ≥0.65 N/tex, elastic modulus ndi ≥95 GPa, ndipo kutalika kwake pakupuma ndi ≥2.6%. Ulusi wa Basalt Sikuti imangokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, modulus yapamwamba, komanso kukana kukhudza kofanana ndi ulusi waukadaulo wapamwamba monga PPTA (Poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide) ndi UHMWPE (Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene), komanso imakhala ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kuwala. Makamaka, mphamvu yolumikizirana ndi utomoni ndi yayikulu kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuyendayenda kwa basalt kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana kungagwiritsidwe ntchito poluka, kupotoza, ndi kuluka zinthu zosiyanasiyana zophatikizika.

Ulusi wa Nsalu wa Basalt Fiber

Ndi ulusi wopangidwa ndi kupotoza ndi kuyika ulusi wambiri wa basalt, ndipo m'mimba mwake wa monofilament nthawi zambiri umakhala ≤ 9 μm. Ulusi wa nsalu ukhoza kugawidwa m'magulu a ulusi wolukira ndi ulusi wogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ena; ulusi wolukira umakhala makamaka mu mawonekedwe a machubu ndi ma conical bobbins.

Ulusi Wodulidwa wa Basalt

Ndi chinthu chopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa basalt wosasunthika. Ulusiwo umakutidwa ndi chinthu choyezera kukula (silane). Chifukwa chake, ulusi wodulidwa wa basalt ndi chinthu chomwe chimasankhidwa polimbitsa ma resin a thermoplastic komanso ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri cholimbitsa konkire. Basalt ndi gawo la miyala yamoto yogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri. Silicate yapadera iyi imapatsa ulusi wa basalt kukana mankhwala, makamaka ubwino wa kukana alkali. Chifukwa chake, ulusi wa basalt ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri chosinthira polypropylene (PP) ndi polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polimbitsa konkire ya simenti; ndi chinthu chopikisana kwambiri chosinthira ulusi wa polyester, ulusi wa lignin, ndi zina zotero, mu konkire ya asphalt, zomwe zingathandize kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri, kukana ming'alu yotsika kutentha, komanso kukana kutopa kwa konkire ya asphalt.

Ulusi Wopangidwa ndi Ulusi wa Basalt

Ulusi wa basalt umakonzedwa kudzera mu makina opangira zinthu kuti apange ulusi wopangidwa ndi basalt. Mfundo yopangira ndi iyi: mpweya wothamanga kwambiri umalowa munjira yopanga zinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zisinthe. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa ulusi wa basalt, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ulusiwo upange ngati kuzungulira, motero zimapangitsa kuti ulusi wa basalt ukhale wokulirapo ndikupanga ulusi wopangidwa ndi zinthu.

Nsalu ya Basalt Fiber, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Nsalu Yolukidwa ndi Ulusi wa Basalt

Imalukidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa basalt wochita bwino kwambiri pambuyo pa njira monga kupotoza ndi kupotoza. Nsalu ya basalt ndi nsalu yochita bwino kwambiri yokhala ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri, mphamvu zambiri, kapangidwe kofanana, malo athyathyathya, komanso njira zosiyanasiyana zolukira. Ikhoza kulukidwa kukhala nsalu zocheperako, zopumira, zopepuka, komanso zopyapyala, kapena nsalu zokhuthala kwambiri, zolimba, zokhuthala, komanso zolimba. Nsalu zodziwika bwino za basalt fiber zimaphatikizapo ulusi wa basalt wosalala, ulusi wa basalt twill, ulusi wa basalt fiber satin, ulusi wa basalt wopindika kawiri, tepi ya ulusi wa basalt, ndi zina zotero.

Basalt Ulusi Singano Yoponderezedwa Yofewa

Ulusi wodulidwa wa basalt umadulidwa, kenako wosanjikiza wodulidwawo umalimbikitsidwa ndi kuwonjezeredwa ndi scrim pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira singano kapena hydroentangling kuti upange chinthu chonse chogwirizana. Kenako umakonzedwa mwa kulowetsedwa ndi kuumitsa kuti upange felt yomalizidwa yobowoledwa ndi singano (mutatha kuchiritsidwa muthanso kusiya).

Ma Basalt Fiber Composites

Poyerekeza ndi ulusi waukadaulo wapamwamba monga ulusi wa kaboni, aramid, ndi ulusi wa polyethylene wolemera kwambiri (UHMWPE), ulusi wa basalt sumangokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso mawonekedwe apamwamba a ulusi waukadaulo wapamwamba, komanso uli ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri monga kukana kutentha kwambiri (-269°C mpaka 760°C), kukana okosijeni, kukana ma radiation, kutchinjiriza kutentha, kutchinjiriza mawu, kusefa bwino, mphamvu yokakamiza kwambiri komanso mphamvu yodula, komanso kuyenerera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndi chiŵerengero chabwino cha mtengo ndi magwiridwe antchito. Ndi chinthu chachilengedwe chosapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe komanso ulusi watsopano woyambira komanso ulusi wapamwamba womwe ungakwaniritse zosowa za chitukuko cha mafakitale oyambira a chuma cha dziko. Ulusi wa basalt ndi zinthu zake zophatikizika zimatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za zipangizo zomangira m'magawo monga kumanga chitetezo cha dziko, mayendedwe, zomangamanga, mafakitale a petrochemical, kuteteza chilengedwe, zamagetsi, ndege, ndi ndege, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakulimbikitsa kumanga chitetezo cha dziko, mapulojekiti akuluakulu, ndi kukweza kapangidwe ka mafakitale. Ndi zinthu zobiriwira zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira pa chilengedwe cha m'zaka za m'ma 2000 komanso makampani atsopano opikisana omwe ali ndi chitukuko chokhazikika m'gawo la ulusi wapamwamba padziko lonse lapansi. Makamaka, China ili kale ndi ufulu wodziyimira pawokha waukadaulo wopanga ulusi wa basalt, ndipo yafika pamlingo wotsogola padziko lonse lapansi ndi "ubwino wobwera mtsogolo." Chifukwa chake, kukulitsa mwamphamvu ulusi wa basalt ndi makampani ake ophatikizana mosakayikira ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ulusi wa Basalt mu Zovala Zogwira Ntchito

Nsalu ya basalt fiber imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, yokhalitsa moto, imatha kupirira kutentha kwa kanthawi kochepa kuposa 1000°C, ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali pamalo otentha 760°C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera m'malo mwa asbestos ndi nsalu yagalasi fiber. Nsalu ya basalt fiber imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zosweka, yolimba kutentha kwambiri, komanso yokhazikika moto. Ndi njira yotsika mtengo m'malo mwa ulusi wapamwamba komanso wapamwamba monga Nomex (Aramid 1313), Kevlar (Aramid 1414), Zylon (PBO fiber), ndi ulusi wa carbon. Nsalu ya basalt fiber imatha kupakidwa utoto ndikusindikizidwa pambuyo popaka utoto ndi kumalizidwa ndi mankhwala. Pambuyo pomaliza ntchito, monga kumaliza kwa organofluorine, imatha kupangidwa kukhala nsalu yoletsa mafuta, yoletsa madzi, komanso yokhazikika moto. Zovala zomwe zingapangidwe kuchokera ku nsalu ya basalt fiber zimaphatikizapo: zida zozimitsira moto, zovala zoteteza kutentha, zovala zotetezera, zovala zoteteza ogwira ntchito mu uvuni, zovala zogwirira ntchito zowotcherera, ndi zovala zoletsa moto za ogwira ntchito zamagalimoto ankhondo, ndi zina zotero.