Ngā Pūrongo

I ngā tau tata nei, nā te maha o ngā aituā ahi i roto i te pūnaha whakamarumaru pakitara o waho o ngā whare, kua hurahia ngā hapa nui o te kore hototahi i waenga i te aukati ahi me te penapena hiko o ngā rauemi whakamarumaru tuku iho. Ko ngā rauemi tuku iho pēnei i te papa huruhuru hipi toka ka mimiti i te wai, ka whānui, ā, he iti te kaha, ko ngā rauemi whakamarumaru waro (pēnei i te XPS, EPS) he mura, he poto te roa o te ora, kāore e taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga haumaru mō te wā roa o ngā whare teitei me ngā whare matomato. Engari ko te putanga mai o te papa muka basalt he otinga pai mō tēnei raruraru.

Kua noho te parahanga haruru o te taiao hei take nui e pā ana ki te hauora me te kounga o te oranga o te tangata, ā, ko ngā taputapu ahumahi (hei tauira, ngā pūwero auau-rerekē) te take nui. Ko ngā rauemi tuku iho e mimiti haruru ana (hei tauira, te muka miro) he iti noa te mahi i roto i ngā awhe auau teitei, ā, he ngāwari ki ngā āhuatanga taiao pēnei i te pāmahana. Ko te muka basalt, he rauemi kore-waro mahi teitei me te hanganga porous me ngā āhuatanga oro pai rawa atu, kua puta hei huarahi pai mō ngā tono whakahaere haruru.

Ko te hanga muka basalt tonu he "tukanga kotahi-taahiraa", e tohuhia ana e te tukanga mahi māmā engari he nui ngā arai hangarau. Ki te whakatauritea ki te hanga muka waro, he iti ake te kaha e pau ana i te muka basalt tonu (iti iho i te 1/10 o te kaha e pau ana i te muka waro) ā, kāore e tukuna he CO₂, SO₂, ētahi atu hau kino rānei, he tikanga hanga pai mō te taiao me te iti-waro. Ko te taputapu wera matua mō te hanga muka basalt tonu ko te oumu, e wehea ana ki ngā oumu para me ngā oumu tāke.

He mea nui te mahi a te karāhe me te muka waro i roto i ngā momo mara maha, ā, ehara i te mea he tino whakataetae ngā rauemi e rua, engari he mahi tahi.

Ko te geogrid muka basalt he momo rauemi whakapakari hangarau ā-iwi i hangaia mai i te muka basalt, nō roto i te kāwai geosynthetics. Ka hangaia mā te whakarewa i te konganuku basalt i te pāmahana teitei, kātahi ka kumea hei muka, kātahi ka hanga he hanganga rite ki te whatunga mā te raranga, te paninga (pēnei i te uku) me ētahi atu tukanga, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā rori, ngā ara rerewē, ngā tāke me ētahi atu kaupapa hei whakarei ake i te pumau me te pakari o te hanganga.

Ina whakatauritehia ngā āhuatanga matū, ā-pūkaha rānei o ia tangata, ko ngā muka hangarau-tiketike he pai ake ngā āhuatanga ki ngā muka tonu muka pātarati (CBF). Heoi, ina whakaarohia te mahi whānui, ka puta ko te CBF te muka "maha" tino pai. Haunga tōna kaha teitei, tōna modulus teitei, me ōna āhuatanga hangarau matatau, ka whakaatu te CBF i te ātete tino pai ki te waikura waikawa/karaka, ngā pāmahana tino nui, te irahiko, me te waikura. Ka whakaatu hoki i te whakamarumaru wera/oro pai rawa atu, te pai o te tātari, te ātete mura, te kaha pēhi me te kutikuti teitei, me te urutau whakamiharo ki ngā taiao kanorau. Mā ēnei āhuatanga ka whai hua ki te whakaiti i te taumaha hanganga me te hanga rauemi hiato hou.

Hei rauemi hou, he mea kore-waro, he mea mahi nui, he mea hoa hoki ki te taiao, ka tino whakarei ake te muka basalt i ngā āhuatanga hangarau, te pakari, me te mahi a te raima uruhanga.

Ko te ringaringa whiri muka pātarati, he rauemi mahi teitei i hangaia mā te whakarewa me te tango i te toka pātarati tūturu, kua rongonui i ngā tau tata nei puta noa i ngā ahumahi pēnei i te tiaki ahumahi, te rererangi, me te pūngao whakahou. Ko ōna āhuatanga ā-tinana me ngā painga taiao ahurei e tuku ana i ngā huarahi hou hei whakapai ake i ngā rauemi tuku iho. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga te uara matua o te rauemi mā roto i ōna āhuatanga pūtaiao me ngā tono o te ao tūturu.

He mea pakarukaru te raima, ā, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia he muka hei whakapai ake i tōna mahi. Ko te tikanga o te muka pātarati i roto i te raima e kitea nuitia ana i ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei.

Ko te muka basalt hei momo rauemi matomato teitei-mahi, i ngā tau tata nei i roto i te mara o te tiaki taiao i roto i te tono rangahau kei te whakawhānui tonu, me te ātete ki te waikura, te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, te pirau me ētahi atu āhuatanga o te hangarau tiaki taiao hei whakarato i ngā otinga hou.