Uphando malunga neefayibha ze-basalt kwizicelo zobunjineli boluntu
1. Imiyalelo ephambili yesicelo
- Izinto zokuqinisa ikhonkrithi
Ikhonkrithi yeFiber (BFRC): Ifutshane I-Basalt Fiberii-s (6-24mm) zidityaniswe kwikhonkrithi (ubungakanani bokuxuba buyi-0.1%-0.5%), nto leyo enokuphucula kakhulu ukumelana nokuqhekeka (ukunciphisa ububanzi bokuqhekeka ngama-30%-50%), ukumelana nokuchaphazeleka (ukwanda ngama-2-3 amaxesha), kunye nokuqina (ukumelana nokuhamba ngebhayisikile nokunyibilika kunyuke ngama-40%).
Ukutshintshwa kwesinyithi esiqinisiweyo: Kwiindawo ezirhabaxa (umz. ubunjineli baselwandle), iibha zokuqinisa ifayibha yebasalt (Iibha zeBFRP) ingatshintsha ukuqinisa intsimbi ukuze kuthintelwe iingxaki zokugqwala. Umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa i-bfrp Ukuqinisa iintsika zebhulorho enqumla ulwandle eQingdao kulindeleke ukuba kwandise ubomi bayo bube ngaphezu kweminyaka eli-100.
- Ukuqinisa nokulungisa ulwakhiwo
Ukuqinisa Ilaphu Lefayibha/I-Mesh: Ilaphu lefayibha yeBasalt (amandla okutsalwa ≥2000MPa) lincamathiselwa kumphezulu weemitha kunye neekholamu, nto leyo enokunyusa amandla okuthwala umthwalo nge-20%-30%. Umzekelo, emva kokuba ibhulorho endala eSichuan iqiniswe ngelaphu le-BF, umlinganiselo womthwalo uyaphuculwa ukusuka kwiHighway-II ukuya kwiClass I.
Ukuqinisa inyikima: izinto ezidityaniswe nefayibha (I-BFRP) iintsika zekhonkrithi ezisongiweyo, ezinokuphucula ukuguquguquka kwamandla kunye nomthamo wokusebenzisa amandla, kwaye zifanelekile kwizakhiwo ezikwiindawo ezithandwa ziinyikima.
- Izakhiwo ezintsha ezidityanisiweyo
Iipaneli zesandwich ze-basalt fiber-polymer: ezisetyenziselwa uphahla olukhaphukhaphu kunye neendonga zokwahlulahlula, ezinamandla aphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu (ukuqhuba ubushushu obuphezulu ≤ 0.05 W/mK).
Izixhobo zokwakha eziprintiweyo ze-3D: ifayibha yebasaltIzinto eziqinisiweyo zesamente zinokwenza ukuprintwa kwesakhiwo esintsonkothileyo kwaye zinciphise inkunkuma yokwakha.
2. Iingenelo zobugcisa kunye nedatha ephambili
| Izalathisi zokusebenza | Ifayibha yeBasalt | Izinto zokuthelekisa (ifayibha yeglasi) |
| Tensile strength | 3000-4800 MPa | 2000-3500 MPa |
| Ukumelana ne-alkali (pH=13) | Ukugcinwa kwamandla ≥90% | Ifayibha yeglasi: ukugcinwa kwamandla ≤ 50% |
| Iingenelo zokusingqongileyo: ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwimveliso yi-30% kuphela yefayibha yeglasi, kwaye inokuphinda isetyenziswe yi-100%. | ||
3. Inkqubela phambili yoPhando kunye namatyala aqhelekileyo
- Uphando lwasekhaya
IYunivesithi yaseTsinghua: iphuhlise ikhonkrithi eguquliweyo ye-basalt fiber-nano-silica edityanisiweyo enokonyuka kwamandla okucinezelwa ngama-25% kunye nokunciphisa ukuvuleka kwe-ion ye-chloride ngama-60%.
IYunivesithi yaseMzantsi-mpuma: iteknoloji ye-BF/epoxy resin laminate eqinisiweyo yekhonkrithi eqinisiweyo, ubomi bokudinwa buyandiswa ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezi-3.
- Isicelo sehlabathi
EJapan: Emva kwenyikima yaseHanshin, isakhiwo esiphakamileyo e-Osaka samkela udonga oluqinisiweyo lwe-BF mesh shear, kwaye ukusebenza kwenyikima kwaphucuka ngama-40%.
EYurophu: Ikhonkrithi eqinisiweyo ye-BF yasetyenziswa kumasango okulawula izikhukula eVenice, e-Itali, enobomi beminyaka engama-50 ngokuchasene nokukhukuliseka kwamanzi olwandle.
- Amatyala obunjineli
Ibhulorho iTshayina - iHong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao: Ifayibha yeBasalt Izinto ezidityanisiweyo zisetyenziswa kumaleko wokulwa nokugqwala kwezinye ii-piers, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko zokugcina izinto nge-30%.
I-USA - I-San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART): Ilaphu le-BF lisetyenziswa ekuqiniseni ulwelo lwemijelo, kwaye ukumelana nokuguquguquka kolu hlobo lolwelo kunyuswa ngama-25%.
4. Imingeni kunye neMikhombandlela yexesha elizayo
- Iingxaki ezikhoyo
Ukusebenza kakuhle kokubopha phakathi kwefacial: unxibelelwano phakathi kwefayibha kunye nekhonkrithi/i-resin lunokukrazulwa, kufuneka kuphuhliswe ii-coupling agents ezintsha (umz., ii-silane modifiers).
Ukungabikho kwedatha yokusebenza kwexesha elide: iimpawu zokuqhekeka kwe-BF reinforcement phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nendawo enomswakama ophezulu (idatha engaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10 ayikagqibeleli).
Ukufana kwenkqubo esemgangathweni: iinkcukacha zoyilo lobunjineli bezixhobo ze-BF kumazwe ahlukeneyo azikamiselwa ngokupheleleyo (iTshayina ikhuphe i-GB/T 38143-2019, kodwa iinkcukacha zesicelo kufuneka zicocwe).
- Isikhokelo sophando lwexesha elizayo
Ii-composites zefayibha ezikrelekrele: izinzwa ezifakwe ngaphakathi ukuze kufezekiswe ukujonga impilo yesakhiwo (umz., ukuxinzelela, ukuzazi ngokwakho ii-crack).
Iteknoloji yokulungiselela eluhlaza: ukunciphisa ubushushu bokunyibilika nokutsala (okwangoku kufuneka i-1400-1500℃), kunye nokuphuhlisa inkqubo ye-carbon ephantsi.
Ukuqinisa ubudlelwane obudibeneyo ngezinga elininzi: ukuxuba ne-carbon fiber kunye ne-steel fiber ukuze kwakhiwe ii-gradient composites.
5. Isishwankathelo
Ukusetyenziswa kwe ifayibha yebasalt kwi-civil engineering isuke kwilebhu yaya kwi-engineering practice, kwaye iimpawu zayo ezingabizi kakhulu nezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zihambelana nemfuno yezakhiwo eziluhlaza phantsi kwenjongo ye-"dual-carbon". Kwixesha elizayo, kuyimfuneko ukugqobhoza ukwenziwa ngcono kwe-interface, ukuqinisekiswa kokuqina kwexesha elide kunye nezinye iiteknoloji eziphambili, kwaye kwangaxeshanye kukhuthazwe ukuphuculwa kweenkcukacha zoyilo kunye nokusebenzisana kweetyathanga zemizi-mveliso, ukuze kukhawuleziswe ukusetyenziswa kwayo okukhulu kwiziseko zophuhliso ezinkulu, ubunjineli bolwandle, ukuthintela inyikima kunye neentlekele kunye nezinye iimeko.
