Ubushakashatsi ku nsinga za basalt mu bikorwa by'ubwubatsi

1. Amabwiriza y'ingenzi yo gukoresha

• Ibikoresho byo gushimangira beto

Fiber Beto (BFRC): Ikoreshwa mu buryo bugufi Fibre ya Basalts (6-24mm) zivanze muri sima (ingano yo kuvanga 0.1%-0.5%), bishobora kongera cyane ubudahangarwa bw'imiturire (kugabanya ubugari bw'imiturire ho 30%-50%), ubudahangarwa bw'imiturire (bwiyongeraho inshuro 2-3), kandi kuramba (ubudahangarwa bw'imiturire yo mu bwoko bwa konje-boresha bwiyongereyeho 40%).

Gusimbuza ibyuma bikomeza imbaraga: Mu bidukikije byangiza (urugero: ubwubatsi bwo mu mazi), imigozi yo gushimangira fibre ya basalt (Utubari twa BFRP) bishobora gusimbura ibyuma bikomeza ingufu kugira ngo hirindwe ibibazo bya ruswa. Urugero, ikoreshwa rya bfrp Biteganijwe ko gukomeza inkuta z'ikiraro cyambukiranya inyanja i Qingdao bizamara imyaka irenga 100.

• Gukomeza no gusana inyubako

Gukomeza Igitambaro cya Fibre/Mesh: Igitambaro cya Basalt (imbaraga zo gukurura ≥2000MPa) gishyirwa hejuru y'imiringa n'inkingi, bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo ho 20%-30%. Urugero, nyuma y'uko ikiraro gishaje cyo muri Sichuan gikomejwe n'igitambaro cya BF, igipimo cy'imizigo kirava kuri Highway-II kikajya muri Class I.

Gukomeza imitingito: ibintu bivanze bikomejwe na fibre (BFRP) Inkingi za sima zipfunyitse, zishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kugenda no gukoresha ingufu, kandi zikwiriye inyubako zo mu turere twibasirwa n'imitingito.

• Inyubako nshya zivanze

Paniki za sandwich za basalt fibre-polymer: zikoreshwa ku bisenge byoroheje no ku nkuta zo kugabanyamo ibice, zifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi zirinda ubushyuhe (ubushyuhe butwara ≤ 0.05 W/mK).

Ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi byacapwe mu buryo bwa 3D: fibre ya basalt-Ibikoresho bikomejwe bya sima bishobora gucapa inyubako zigoye kandi bigagabanya imyanda y'ubwubatsi.

2. Ibyiza bya tekiniki n'amakuru y'ingenzi

3. Iterambere ry'ubushakashatsi n'imanza zisanzwe

• Ubushakashatsi bw'imbere mu gihugu

Kaminuza ya Tsinghua: yateje imbere beto ya basalt fibre-nano-silica ivanze yahinduwe ifite imbaraga zo gukanda ku kigero cya 25% na 60% igabanya ubushobozi bwo kwinjira kwa iyoni ya kloride.

Kaminuza y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba: ikoranabuhanga rya BF/epoxy resin laminate rishyigikiwe n'umuraba wa beto, igihe cyo kurambirwa cyongereweho inshuro zirenga 3.

• Porogaramu mpuzamahanga

Ubuyapani: Nyuma y’umutingito wa Hanshin, inyubako ndende i Osaka yakoresheje urukuta rwa BF rukomejweho imiyoboro, kandi imikorere y’imitingito yazamutseho 40%.

Uburayi: Beto ikomeye ya BF yakoreshejwe mu marembo yo kurwanya umwuzure i Venise, mu Butaliyani, imara imyaka 50 idaterwa n'isuri.

• Ibyumba by'Ubwubatsi

Ikiraro cy'Ubushinwa - Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao: Fibre ya basalt Ibikoresho bivanze bikoreshwa mu buryo bwo kurwanya ingese ku nkuta zimwe na zimwe, bigabanura ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ho 30%.

Amerika - San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART): Igitambaro cya BF gikoreshwa mu kongera imbaraga mu miyoboro y'amazi, kandi kurwanya kwangirika kw'amazi byiyongeraho 25%.

4. Ingorane n'icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza

• Ibibazo bihari

Umusaruro udahagije wo guhuza hagati y’ibice: uburyo bwo guhuza fibre na beto/resini bushobora gucika, hakenewe gukorwa ibikoresho bishya byo guhuza (urugero: silane modifiers).

Kutagira amakuru y'imikorere y'igihe kirekire: imiterere y'ingufu zo gushimangira imiterere y'amazi mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonje bwinshi (amakuru y'imyaka irenga 10 ntaraba yuzuye).

Uburyo bumwe bw'ubuhanga busanzwe: ibipimo by'imiterere y'ubuhanga ku bikoresho bya BF mu bihugu bitandukanye ntibiramenyekana neza (Ubushinwa bwasohoye GB/T 38143-2019, ariko ibisobanuro birambuye ku ikoreshwa bigomba kunozwa).

• Icyerekezo cy'ubushakashatsi bw'ejo hazaza

Ibikoresho by'ubwenge bya fibre: ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bifasha kugenzura ubuzima bw'imiterere y'umubiri (urugero: gukurura, kumenya ko ibintu byifashe neza).

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gutegura icyatsi kibisi: kugabanya ubushyuhe bwo gushonga no gukurura (ubu bisaba 1400-1500℃), no guteza imbere uburyo bwo gukoresha karubone nkeya.

Gushimangira ibintu mu buryo butandukanye: kuvanga fibre ya karuboni n'iy'icyuma kugira ngo hubakwe ibintu bivanze.

5. Incamake

Ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya fibre ya basalt mu ikoranabuhanga rya sivili ryavuye muri laboratwari rijya mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ubuhanga, kandi imiterere yaryo ihendutse kandi itangiza ibidukikije ijyanye n’inyubako zidafite ibidukikije mu rwego rwo “gupima karuboni ebyiri”. Mu gihe kizaza, ni ngombwa guca mu buryo bwo kunoza imiterere y’aho ibintu bihurira, kugenzura igihe kirekire no gukoresha andi mashami y’ingenzi, kandi icyarimwe hagaterwa inkunga kunoza imiterere y’imiterere n’imikoranire y’inganda, kugira ngo byihutishe ikoreshwa ryaryo rinini mu bikorwa remezo binini, mu ikoranabuhanga ryo mu mazi, mu gukumira imitingito no mu gukumira ibiza n’ibindi bibazo.