Zosakaniza zazikulu za basalt fiber infiltrant

1. Wothandizira wolumikizira

Cholumikizira ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chochiritsira chomwe chimakhala cholimba komanso cholimba, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati chothandizira pa zinthu zopangidwa ndi polima, zomwe zitha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi akuluakulu malinga ndi kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala ndi kapangidwe kake: zinthu zachilengedwe, ma silane, ma titanate, ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu acid. Kupanga cholumikizira chatsopano chogwira ntchito bwino ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zafufuzidwa mu kafukufukuyu. Ulusi wa Galasi Malo olowera mkati. Cholumikizira chakunja kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe achilengedwe ndi kuphatikiza kwa mawonekedwe a inorganic, chilinso ndi gawo la gulu lolumikizira filimu, zinthu zina zolumikizira zimakhalanso ndi mphamvu yoletsa kutentha. Kafukufuku wapano wa cholumikizira akuyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zatsopano zolumikizira zomwe zingathandize kukonza maulumikizidwe azinthu ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya maulumikizidwe. Ofufuza akufufuza njira zosiyanasiyana zamakemikolo ndi mapangidwe atsopano azinthu kuti akonze kuyanjana kwa interfacial, affinity ndi mphamvu ya maulumikizidwe kuti akwaniritse bwino maulumikizidwe a interfacial. Pakadali pano zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zinthu zolumikizira za lithane ndi zinthu zolumikizira za titanate. Cholumikizira cha lithane chili ndi njira ziwiri zofunika: choyamba, chimatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi gulu la hydroxyl muzinthu zopanda chilengedwe kuti chipange mgwirizano wa mankhwala, motero kuphatikiza bwino magawo achilengedwe ndi osapangidwa pamodzi ndikukweza kulumikizidwa ndi kugwirizana kwa mawonekedwe; chachiwiri, cholumikizira cha lithane chimatha kuyanjana ndi unyolo wautali wa mamolekyu muzinthu zachilengedwe kuti chiwonjezere kuyanjana ndi kulumikizana pakati pa polima ndi chodzaza chosapangidwa, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito azinthuzo. Cholumikizira cha titanate chikachitapo kanthu ndi ma proton aulere (H+) pa kulumikizana kwa zinthu zopanda chilengedwe, gawo la monomolecular lachilengedwe limapangidwa. Gawo la monomer lachilengedweli limatha kupanga gawo lophimba pamwamba pa chodzaza ndikugwirizana ndi polima, motero kumawonjezera kumatirira ndi kulumikizana pakati pa polima ndi chodzaza. Kuwonjezera kwa zinthu zolumikizira titanate ku ma polima kungakulitse kwambiri mphamvu ya kukhudza kwa chinthucho. Kuphatikiza apo, zodzaza zitha kuwonjezeredwa mu kuchuluka kwa 50% kapena kuposerapo popanda kulekanitsidwa kwa gawo, komwe kumasunga kufanana ndi kukhazikika kwa chinthucho.

2. Mafuta odzola ndi mankhwala oletsa kusinthasintha kwa kutentha

Padziko lonse lapansi popanga mafuta olowa m'madzi, mafuta odzola ndi zinthu zotsutsana ndi kutentha nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa kukhala chinthu chimodzi. Mafuta odzola nthawi zambiri amakhala a aluphatic imidazoline kapena acid okhala ndi ma bond awiri ndi ma alcohols a unyolo wautali monohydroxy esters, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri powongolera kukhuthala kwa yankho lolowa m'madzi, kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwake pamwamba, kuti ligawidwe mofanana pamwamba pa zinthu zomwe zakonzedwa, kuti liwonjezere ntchito yolowa m'madzi. Mafuta odzola a nano akhala nkhani yofufuza kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndipo amaphimbidwa. Basalt Ulusi sumangokhala ndi mphamvu yoletsa kuvala komanso umathandiza kuchepetsa kukangana. Ofufuza akufufuza momwe ma nanoparticles amagwiritsidwira ntchito mu mafuta kuti akonze kukangana ndi kuvala kwa zinthu. Kutengera ndi ntchito yawo, mafuta amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mkati ndi kunja. Zigawo za mafuta amkati makamaka ndi mankhwala a polymer, monga sera, polyolefins, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimagwirizana bwino, zimatha kuchepetsa mgwirizano pakati pa mamolekyu a polymer, ndikuwongolera momwe kutentha kumakhalira mkati mwa kusungunuka ndi kusungunuka, kuti zikhale ndi zotsatira zabwino pakutulutsa, kupanga jakisoni ndi kukonza kwina. Kapangidwe ka mafuta akunja makamaka ndi mankhwala ochepa a mamolekyu, monga ma esters amafuta acid, sera ya paraffin, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zingathandize bwino kukonza kukangana pakati pa kusungunuka ndi pamwamba pa zida, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kukangana kwa njira iliyonse yopangira, kuchita gawo lofunikira pakusakaniza, kupanga kalendala, kupanga shuga, ndi njira zina zopangira. Zinthu zotsutsana ndi mpweya zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: zinthu zosapangidwa ndi zamoyo ndi zachilengedwe, ndipo ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikupanga njira yoyendetsera mpweya pa filimu yolowera, kutulutsa mphamvu yokhazikika yopangidwa ndi ulusi popanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi. Kuwonjezera ma nanofillers (monga ma carbon nanotubes, graphene, ndi zina zotero) ku matrix a polymer kungathandize kwambiri kuyendetsa mpweya ndi mphamvu zotsutsana ndi mpweya. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ofufuza akhala akudzipereka kufufuza momwe zinthuzi zimagwirira ntchito pakati pa ma nanofillers osiyanasiyana ndi ma polymer matrices kuti apeze mphamvu zabwino zotsutsana ndi mpweya.

3. Wothandizira kupanga mafilimu

Monga gawo lofunika kwambiri mu chinthu cholowa m'malo, chinthu chopanga filimu chimatsimikizira momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito komanso momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito. ulusi wa basalt. Pakupanga ulusi wa basalt, chopangira filimu chingathe kupanga chophimba chofanana komanso chotseka pamwamba pa ulusi, kusintha kwambiri kugwirizana kwa ulusi ndi zinthu zapansi, kusintha mphamvu yolumikizirana pakati pa ulusi, motero kukulitsa mphamvu ndi kulimba kwa ulusi wa basalt, komanso kuletsa ulusiwo kuti usasweke ndi silika, kuti ulusiwo ukhale wolimba. Kuphatikiza apo, chopangira filimu chingathenso kupatsa ulusi wa basalt monga kuwala, kofewa, kosalala ndi mawonekedwe ena enieni. Zinthu zina zagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pakufufuza za chopangira filimu. Zawonetsedwa kuti kuwonjezera kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kungathandize kusintha mawonekedwe a physicochemical a zinthu zopangira filimu, monga kukulitsa kukana kwa kukwawa, kupirira nyengo komanso mawonekedwe a kuwala.

Zosintha za 4.pH

Chowongolera pH chingathe kusintha acidity ndi alkalinity ya cholowacho kuti chikhale choyenera kuyanjana ndi ulusi wa basaltMwa kusintha pH ya chinthu cholowa m'malo mwake, mawonekedwe a mphamvu ya pamwamba pa ulusi amatha kusinthidwa kuti alimbikitse mphamvu yolumikizirana pakati pa chinthu cholowa m'malo mwake ndi ulusi, motero kukonza magwiridwe antchito a ulusiwo. Zanenedwa kuti ma modulators a pH ozikidwa pa nanomaterial angapereke kulondola kwakukulu komanso magwiridwe antchito. Kuphatikiza apo, pali maphunziro pa owongolera PH a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ulusi ndi mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito, ndi cholinga chopeza zotsatira zabwino zonyowetsa ulusi ndi magwiridwe antchito ogwirira ntchito.

5. Zigawo zina

Ma impregnant alinso ndi ma biocide, ma emulsifier, ma defoamers, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuwongolera kugwirizana ndi kukhazikika kwa zigawo, ndikuletsa kupanga ndi kusonkhanitsa thovu pamwamba.