Ibintu by'ingenzi byinjira muri fibre ya basalt

1. Umukozi ushinzwe guhuza

Umuti uhuza ni umuti w'ingenzi uvura kandi uramba neza kandi urwanya gusaza, ukoreshwa cyane cyane nk'inyongera ku binyabutabire bya polymer, bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bine by'ingenzi hakurikijwe imiterere n'imiterere yabyo: organic complexes, silane, titanates, na aside aluminiyumu. Guteza imbere umuti mushya uhuza neza ni kimwe mu bice by'ubushakashatsi muri Fibre y'ikirahure Ishami ry’ibikoresho byinjira mu kirere. Ikigo cy’ubuhuza cy’amahanga uretse imikorere y’ibinyabuzima n’ikoreshwa ry’imikoranire y’ibice bidafite umwimerere, gifite kandi uruhare mu guhuza filime, bimwe mu bikoresho by’ubuhuza bifite ingaruka zo kwisiga. Ubushakashatsi buriho bw’ibikoresho by’ubuhuza bwibanze ku guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya by’ubuhuza bishobora kunoza imikoranire y’ibikoresho no kongera imbaraga z’ubuhuza. Abashakashatsi barimo gushakisha ingamba zitandukanye za shimi n’imiterere mishya y’ibikoresho kugira ngo banoze imikoranire y’ibice bidafite imiterere, ubufatanye n’imbaraga z’ubuhuza kugira ngo bagere ku mibanire myiza y’ibice bidafite imiterere. Kuri ubu ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane ni ibikoresho by’ubuhuza bya lithane n’ibikoresho by’ubuhuza bya titanate. Ikigo cy’ubuhuza cya lithane gifite uburyo bubiri bw’ingenzi: ubwa mbere, gishobora gukorana n’itsinda rya hydroxyl mu bikoresho bidafite imiterere kugira ngo kibe umuhuza w’ibice bidafite imiterere, bityo bihuza neza ibice by’ibinyabuzima n’ibidafite imiterere hamwe kandi binoze uburyo bwo gufatana n’ubuhuza bw’ubuhuza; ubwa kabiri, ikigo cy’ubuhuza cya lithane gishobora gukorana n’uruhererekane rurerure rwa molekile mu bikoresho bidafite imiterere kugira ngo cyongere imikoranire n’ubuhuza hagati ya polymer n’umunyuza w’ibice bidafite imiterere, no kunoza imikorere y’ibikoresho. Iyo igikoresho cy’ubuhuza cya titanate gihuye na protoni zidafite imiterere (H+) ku mibanire y’ibintu bidafite imiterere, hakorwa urwego rw’ubuhuza rw’ibice bidafite imiterere. Uru rwego rwa monomer y’umwimerere rushobora gukora urwego rutwikira hejuru y’urufunguzo no gukorana na polymer, bityo byongera uburyo polymer n’urufunguzo bifatanya. Kongeramo ibikoresho bihuza titanate kuri polymer bishobora kongera cyane imbaraga z’ingaruka z’ibikoresho. Byongeye kandi, utwuzuza dushobora kongerwamo ku kigero cya 50% cyangwa kirenga hatabayeho gutandukana kw’ibyiciro, bikomeza uburinganire n’ubudahangarwa bw’ibikoresho.

2. Ibisigazwa n'ibintu birwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere

Mu rwego mpuzamahanga mu gukora icyo kintu cyinjira mu mubiri, amavuta n'ibintu birwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere bikunze guhuzwa mu buryo bumwe. Amavuta akunze kuba imidazoline y'umugozi muremure cyangwa aside irimo imigozi ibiri na alkoholi z'umugozi muremure, akoreshwa cyane cyane mu kugena ubukana bw'umuti winjira mu mubiri, kugabanya ubukana bw'ubuso bwawo, kugira ngo ukwirakwizwe neza ku buso bw'ikintu cyavuwe, kugira ngo wongere uruhare rwo kwinjira mu mubiri. Amavuta ya nanolubricants yabaye ingingo ikomeye mu bushakashatsi mu myaka ya vuba aha, kandi atwikiriwe. Basalt Imigozi ntabwo ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya gusa kwangirika gusa ahubwo inagira ingaruka zo kugabanya kwangirika. Abashakashatsi barimo gusuzuma ikoreshwa rya nanoparticles mu mavuta kugira ngo bongere kwangirika no kwangirika kw'ibikoresho. Bitewe n'uruhare rwabyo, amavuta ashobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bibiri: imbere n'inyuma. Ibice bigize amavuta y'imbere ahanini ni polymer compounds, nka wax, polyolefins, nibindi, bifite imikoranire myiza, bishobora kugabanya imikoranire hagati ya polymer molecules, no kunoza imikorere yo gushyuha kwa friction mu gushonga no gushonga, kugira ngo bigire ingaruka nziza mu gusohora, gushonga inshinge no gutunganya ibindi. Imiterere y'amavuta yo hanze ahanini ni molecules nke, nka aside liqueur, parafini wax, nibindi, bishobora kunoza neza kwangirika hagati y'ishonga n'ubuso bw'ibikoresho, kugabanya friction coefficient ya buri gikorwa cyo gukora, bigira uruhare runini mu kuvanga, gushushanya, gushushanya isukari, n'izindi nzira zo gushushanya. Ibintu birwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere bishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: inorganic na organic, kandi inshingano yabyo nyamukuru ni ugukora inzira iyobora amashanyarazi kuri filime yinjira, ikarekura ingufu zihoraho zikomoka kuri fibre mu gukora no gukoresha inzira. Kongeramo nanofillers (urugero: carbone nanotubes, graphene, nibindi) kuri polymer matrix bishobora kunoza cyane imikorere y’amashanyarazi n’imiterere irwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere y’ibikoresho. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, abashakashatsi bagiye bagerageza gushakisha uburyo ibintu bitandukanye birwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’imiterere ya polymer kugira ngo babone imiterere myiza irwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere.

3. Umukozi ukora filime

Nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane mu kintu cyinjiramo, ikintu gitunganya filime kigena imikorere n'imikorere y'ibicuruzwa bya fibre ya basaltMu gikorwa cyo gukora fibre ya basalt, igikoresho gikora filime gishobora gukora irangi ringana kandi ryegeranye ku buso bwa fibre, kikanoza cyane uburyo fibre ihurirana n'ibikoresho bya substrate, kikanoza imbaraga zo guhuza, bityo kikanoza imbaraga n'ubudahangarwa bw'imipira ya basalt, ariko kandi kikarinda fibre kuvunika kwa silk, kugira ngo fibre ikomeze kuba nziza. Byongeye kandi, igikoresho gikora filime gishobora kandi guha imipira ya basalt urugero nk'urumuri, rworoshye, rworoshye n'indi miterere yihariye n'isura. Nanomaterials nazo zakoreshejwe cyane mu bushakashatsi ku bikoresho bikora filime. Byagaragaye ko kongeramo uduce duto dushobora kunoza imiterere ya fiziki y'ibikoresho bikora filime, nko kongera ubushobozi bwo kudashwanyagurika, kwihanganira ikirere n'imiterere y'urumuri.

Ibihindura 4.pH

Umugenzuzi wa pH ashobora guhindura ubushyuhe n'ubukana bw'ibice byinjira mu mazi kugira ngo birusheho kuba byiza mu bijyanye no insinga za basalt. Mu guhindura pH y'ikintu cyinjira mu kirere, imiterere y'ubuso bwa fibre ishobora guhinduka kugira ngo imbaraga z'imikoranire hagati y'ikintu cyinjira mu kirere n'igitambaro zirusheho kwiyongera, bityo binoze imikorere y'igitambaro cyinjiye mu kirere. Byavuzwe ko modulator za pH zishingiye kuri nanomaterial zishobora gutanga ubwiza n'ubushobozi bwo guhindura imiterere y'ikirere. Byongeye kandi, hari inyigo ku bagenzura PH ku bwoko butandukanye bwa fibre n'imiterere yo gutunganya, hagamijwe kubona ingaruka nziza zo kunywesha fibre no gutunganya imikorere.

5. Ibindi bice

Indabo zirimo kandi imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibimera, imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibimera, imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibimera, n'ibindi, bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kwica udukoko duto, kugenzura uburyo ibice bihura n'ibice bito kandi bigakomeza gukora neza, no gukumira ko ifuro ryo hejuru rikorwa cyangwa rikiyongera.