Kuyenda Kochepa kwa Mpweya: Zida Zamkati Zosinthira Magalimoto za Basalt Fiber

Monga chonyamulira chachikulu cha luso loyendetsa ndi kukwera, kukweza zipangizo zamagalimoto kwakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri pakusintha kwa maulendo ochepetsa mpweya woipa. Pakadali pano, zipangizo zamagalimoto zimakumana ndi mavuto monga kusasamalira chilengedwe, kulemera kwambiri, komanso zoopsa paumoyo. Mapulasitiki achikhalidwe, zikopa, ndi zinthu zochokera kunja. Zipangizo Zophatikizana Sikuti amangogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri popanga zinthu komanso amavutika ndi mpweya wa VOC komanso kuvutika kubwezeretsanso zinthu, zomwe zikutsutsana ndi lingaliro la kuyenda kopanda mpweya wambiri.Ulusi wa basalt, monga ulusi wobiriwira wachilengedwe, umapangidwa kuchokera ku basalt wachilengedwe kudzera mu kusungunuka. Uli ndi ubwino wapadera monga kuchepa kwa mpweya woipa, kusamala chilengedwe, Wopepuka, kukana kwamphamvu kwa nyengo, komanso makhalidwe abwino kwambiri a makina. Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso kupanga njira zatsopano, yapeza ntchito yayikulu m'munda wa zipangizo zamagalimoto, kusintha makina azinthu zamagalimoto kuchokera kumitundu yosiyanasiyana monga kuteteza chilengedwe, magwiridwe antchito, ndi mtengo, ndikuyika mphamvu yayikulu muulendo wopanda mpweya wambiri.

Makhalidwe akuluakulu a ulusi wa basalt Zimagwirizana bwino ndi zosowa zatsopano za zipangizo zamagalimoto zokhala ndi mpweya wochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mpikisano waukulu. Ponena za kuteteza chilengedwe ndi mpweya wochepa, kupanga ulusi wa basalt sikufuna kusintha mankhwala, kudalira kusungunuka ndi kukoka kwa thupi kokha. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 20%-30% yotsika kuposa ulusi wagalasi ndipo ndi 60% yotsika kuposa ulusi wa kaboni, popanda mpweya woipa. Zinyalala za basalt fiber composites zimatha kuwonongeka mwachilengedwe kapena kuphwanyidwa ndi kubwezeretsedwanso, kusunga magwiridwe antchito opitilira 80%. Mphamvu yonse ya kaboni m'moyo wonse ndi 45%-60% yotsika kuposa zipangizo zamagalimoto, zomwe zimagwirizana bwino ndi cholinga chachikulu cha "kuchepetsa mpweya ndi kuchepetsa mpweya" paulendo wokhala ndi mpweya wochepa. Ponena za kupepuka, ulusi wa basalt uli ndi kuchuluka kwa 2.6-2.8 g/cm³ yokha, kofanana ndi ulusi wagalasi ndipo ndi kopepuka kuposa 60% kuposa chitsulo. Zinthu zopangidwa kuchokera pamenepo zimakhala ndi mphamvu yapadera nthawi 3-4 kuposa pulasitiki yachikhalidwe komanso nthawi 2-3 kuposa aluminiyamu. Kugwiritsa ntchito popanga zida za kabati kungathandize kuchepetsa kulemera kwa magalimoto ndi 30%-50%, kuchepetsa mphamvu zomwe magalimoto amagwiritsa ntchito komanso kuthandizira kuti magalimoto atsopano azitha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zosiyanasiyana.

Ponena za thanzi ndi magwiridwe antchito, zinthu zopangidwa ndi ulusi wa basalt sizimanunkhira bwino ndipo zimakhala ndi mpweya wochepa wa VOC. Kutulutsidwa kwa mpweya woipa monga formaldehyde ndi benzene kuli pansi kwambiri pa miyezo ya chilengedwe ya dziko lonse ya makabati a magalimoto, zomwe zimachepetsa zoopsa paumoyo wa zipangizo zachikhalidwe zomwe zili m'magwero. Zimakhalanso ndi kukana kwabwino kwa nyengo, kukana kuvala, komanso kukana malawi. Pambuyo pa mayeso otentha kwambiri komanso otsika (-40℃ mpaka +80℃) ndi kukalamba kwa UV, kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito kumafika pa 85%. Kukana kuvala kumakhala kokwera kanayi kuposa mapulasitiki achikhalidwe, ndipo chiŵerengero cha kukana malawi chimafika pa UL94 V-0, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera malo ovuta a makabati a magalimoto ndikuwonetsetsa kuti magalimoto ndi otetezeka.

Kudzera mu kusintha kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso kukonza njira, ulusi wa basalt umathandiza kusintha zinthu m'zigawo zingapo zamagalimoto. Mu dongosolo la mipando, zinthu zopangidwa ndi ulusi wa basalt zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa ndi PP/PA zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chimango cha mpando, chopumulira kumbuyo, ndi chopumulira mutu, kuchepetsa kulemera ndi zoposa 50% poyerekeza ndi mafelemu achitsulo achikhalidwe ndikuwonjezera kuyanjana kwa chilengedwe ndi 30% poyerekeza ndi mafelemu a ulusi wagalasi. Kuphatikiza ndi nsalu za mipando zopangidwa ndi nsalu yopanda ulusi wa basalt, zinthuzi zimapereka mpweya wabwino, mphamvu zotsutsana ndi mabakiteriya, komanso kuletsa moto, kuchepetsa mpweya wa VOC ndi zoposa 70%, motero kukonza chitonthozo ndi thanzi la galimoto. Pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito dongosololi, wopanga magalimoto ena apakhomo adawona kuchepa kwa kulemera kwa chipinda cha okwera ndi pafupifupi 6-8 kg pagalimoto iliyonse, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa 6%-8% pa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu.

M'dera la mapanelo amkati, ma dashboard, ma consoles apakati, ndi mapanelo a zitseko opangidwa ndi ulusi wa basalt ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi utomoni zopangidwa ndi bio zimatha kubwereza bwino kapangidwe ka matabwa, chitsulo, ndi ulusi wa kaboni, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga mapangidwe apadera. Zinthuzi zimakhala ndi kuuma kwa pamwamba kwa HRC 30 kapena kupitirira apo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisakandane, zikhale zosavuta kuyeretsa, komanso kuti zikhale ndi moyo wautali kuposa mapanelo apulasitiki achikhalidwe. Nthawi yomweyo, mawonekedwe ake opepuka amachepetsa katundu wonse pa chipinda chonyamula anthu, ndipo kuphatikiza ndi njira zomangira zophatikizika, kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa malo olumikizirana, ndikukweza umphumphu wonse wa chipinda chonyamula anthu. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthuzi zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito m'zigawo monga mabokosi osungiramo zipinda zonyamula anthu ndi zopumulira, kukulitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopanda mpweya wambiri.

Ponena za zigawo zogwirira ntchito, zinthu zopangidwa ndi basalt fiber zolimbikitsidwa ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi ulusi wopangidwa ndi ulusi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zofunika kwambiri monga mapaipi oteteza mawaya a chipinda cha okwera, ma ducts oziziritsa mpweya, ndi mafelemu a chiwongolero. Machubu oteteza mawaya, omwe ali ndi kutchinjiriza kwapamwamba komanso kukana kuwonongeka, amatha kulowa m'malo mwa machubu achikhalidwe a PVC, kuchepetsa kulemera ndi 40% ndikuwonjezera moyo wautumiki ndi katatu. Machubu oziziritsa mpweya amagwiritsa ntchito thovu la basalt fiber lomwe limakhala ndi mphamvu yotsika mpaka 0.03 W/(m·K), kukonza kutchinjiriza kwa kutentha ndi 50%, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa makina oziziritsa mpweya, komanso nthawi yomweyo kukhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri ochepetsera phokoso, kuchepetsa phokoso la kabati ndi 10-15 dB ndikuwonjezera bata laulendo.

Kupanga zinthu zatsopano zaukadaulo m'dziko ndi kukweza mafakitale zikupitiriza kulimbitsa kusinthasintha kwa ulusi wa basalt pazinthu za m'nyumba. Makampani am'nyumba amawongolera mphamvu yolumikizirana pakati pa ulusi ndi resin matrix kudzera mu kusintha kwa ulusi pamwamba (zolumikizira za silane, chithandizo cha plasma), kuwonjezera mphamvu zamakina a zinthu zophatikizika ndi 25%-35%. Apanganso njira zopangira monga kupangira jakisoni, kupondereza, ndi kulowetsa vacuum zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu za m'nyumba, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga bwino zinthu zovuta zopindika pamwamba, kufupikitsa kuzungulira kwa kupangira ndi zoposa 30% poyerekeza ndi njira zachikhalidwe, ndikuchepetsa ndalama ndi 20%-30%. Kuphatikiza apo, mgwirizano wamakampani ndi maphunziro-kafukufuku ukumanga dongosolo lonse la unyolo wa mafakitale lomwe limaphatikizapo "zipangizo zopangira - zinthu zophatikizika - kupanga - kubwezeretsanso," kupanga magulu amakampani m'malo olemera basalt monga madera a Sichuan ndi Hebei. Izi zimathandiza kupereka zinthu za m'nyumba, kuchepetsanso ndalama zogulira ndi mpweya wa carbon.

M'tsogolomu, ndi kubwerezabwereza kosalekeza kwa kapangidwe ka ulusi wa basalt ukadaulo, udzakula kukhala "kuphatikiza magwiridwe antchito, kusintha kwapadera, komanso mtengo wotsika." Kudzera mu zophatikizika zogwirizana ndi masensa anzeru ndi zinthu zowala, zida zanzeru zogwirira ntchito m'nyumba (monga mapanelo amkati owala ndi mipando yokhudzidwa ndi kupanikizika) zitha kupangidwa. Kuphatikiza ndi ukadaulo wosindikiza wa 3D, zida zanyumba zopangidwira zokha zitha kusinthidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zofunikira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto. Pamene ntchito zazikulu zikupita patsogolo, ndalama zidzachepa kwambiri, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake m'magalimoto apakatikati mpaka otsika. Ndi mpweya wochepa wa kaboni ngati maziko ake ndi magwiridwe antchito ake monga chithandizo chake, ulusi wa basalt ukukonzanso chilengedwe chatsopano cha zipangizo zanyumba zamagalimoto, kupereka chithandizo chofunikira cha kuyenda kwa kaboni wotsika, ndikuthandizira chitukuko chobiriwira komanso chapamwamba chamakampani amagalimoto.