Te Nekenekehanga Waro-Iti: Te Whakawhitiwhiti a te Muka Pātara i ngā Rauemi o Roto o te Motopaika

Hei kawe matua i te wheako taraiwa me te eke, kua noho te whakapai ake i ngā rauemi o te kāpini waka hei huarahi matua mō te whakawhiti ki te haere waro-iti. I tēnei wā, kei te pāngia ngā rauemi o te kāpini e ngā āhuatanga uaua pērā i te kore e pai ki te taiao, te taumaha rawa, me ngā tūponotanga kino ki te hauora. Ko ngā kirihou tuku iho, ko te hiako, me ngā mea kawemai Ngā Rauemi Whakakotahi ehara i te mea he nui te whakapaunga pūngao engari he pāngia hoki e ngā tukunga VOC me te uaua ki te hangarua, he mea e whakahē ana i te ariā o te haereere waro-iti.muka pātarati, hei muka matomato tūturu kore-ora, he mea hanga mai i te papara tūturu mā te tango rewa. He painga ahurei tōna pēnei i te iti o te tapuwae waro, te atawhai taiao, Mama, he ātete kaha ki te huarere, me ngā āhuatanga miihini tino pai. Whai muri i te whakarerekētanga hiato me te auahatanga tukanga, kua tutuki i a ia te tono nui i roto i te mara o ngā rauemi kāpini motuka, me te hanga anō i te pūnaha rauemi kāpini mai i ngā āhuatanga maha o te tiaki taiao, te mahi, me te utu, me te werohanga i te nekehanga matua ki roto i te haere waro-iti.

Ngā āhuatanga matua o muka pātarati He tino ōrite ki ngā hiahia auaha iti-waro o ngā rauemi kāpata motuka, e hanga ana i te whakataetae matua. Mō te iti-waro me te tiaki taiao, kāore e hiahiatia he whakarerekētanga matū mō te hanga muka basalt, engari ko te rewa ā-tinana me te kukume anake te whakawhirinaki. Ko te whakapaunga pūngao he 20%-30% te iti iho i te muka karāhe, ā, neke atu i te 60% te iti iho i te muka waro, kāore he tukunga parahanga. Ka taea te whakakorekore ā-taiao i ngā muka basalt para, te kuru ā-mīhini rānei, me te hangarua, neke atu i te 80% o tā rātou mahi. Ko te tapuwae waro katoa o te huringa ora he 45%-60% te iti iho i ngā rauemi kāpata tuku iho, he tino rite ki te whāinga matua o te "whakaiti waro me te whakaiti tukunga" i roto i te haere waro-iti. Mō te mama, ko te matotoru o te muka basalt he 2.6-2.8 g/cm³ anake, he rite ki te muka karāhe, ā, neke atu i te 60% te mama ake i te maitai. Ko te kaha motuhake o te rauemi whakakotahi i hangaia mai i a ia he 3-4 ngā wā i te kaha o ngā kirihou tuku iho, ā, 2-3 ngā wā i te kaha o ngā koranu konumohe. Mā te whakamahi i tēnei hei hanga i ngā wāhanga o roto o te kāpini ka taea te whakaiti i te taumaha ma te 30%-50%, ka whakaiti tika i te whakapaunga pūngao o te waka, ā, ka whai wāhi atu ki te whānuitanga pai ake o te oma mō ngā waka hiko hou.

Mō te hauora me te mahi, kāore he kakara o ngā rauemi hiato muka basalt, ā, he iti ngā tukunga VOC. Ko te tukunga o ngā hau kino pēnei i te formaldehyde me te benzene he iti rawa atu i ngā paerewa taiao ā-motu mō ngā kāpata motuka, e aro ana ki ngā tūponotanga hauora o ngā rauemi tuku iho i te pūtake. He tino pai hoki te ātete ki te huarere, te ātete ki te kakahu, me te ātete ki te mura. I muri i te huringa pāmahana teitei me te iti (-40℃ ki te +80℃) me ngā whakamātautau koroheketanga UV, ka eke te reiti pupuri mahi ki runga ake i te 85%. E whā ngā wā e pai ake ana te ātete ki te kakahu i ngā kirihou tuku iho, ā, ka eke te whakatauranga ātete mura ki te UL94 V-0, e pai ai mō te taiao uaua o ngā kāpata motuka, me te whakarite i te haumaru taraiwa.

Mā te whakarerekētanga hiato me te arotautanga tukanga, ka taea e te muka basalt te hanga anō i ngā rauemi i roto i ngā wāhanga kāpata motuka maha. I roto i te pūnaha nohoanga, ka whakamahia ngā rauemi hiato PP/PA kua whakapakarihia ki te muka basalt hei hanga i te anga nohoanga, te tuara, me te urunga o te pane, ka whakaitihia te taumaha neke atu i te 50% ki te whakataurite ki ngā anga maitai tuku iho, ā, ka whakapai ake i te atawhai taiao mā te 30% ki te whakataurite ki ngā anga hiato muka karāhe. I te whakakotahitanga me ngā papanga nohoanga i hangaia ki te papanga kore-whatu hiato muka basalt, ka tukuna e ēnei rauemi he manawa, he āhuatanga patu huakita, me te ātete mura, ka whakaitihia ngā tukunga VOC neke atu i te 70%, ā, ka whakapai ake i te whakamarie me te hauora o te taraiwa. Whai muri i te whakamahi i tēnei pūnaha nohoanga, i kite tētahi kaihanga motuka ā-rohe i te whakahekenga tata ki te 6-8 kg o te taumaha o te wāhanga pāhihi mō ia waka, me te pikinga 6%-8% o te whānuitanga taraiwa o ngā waka hiko hou.

I te rohe o ngā panera o roto, ngā papaaho, ngā papatohu pokapū, me ngā panera tatau i hangaia mai i muka pātarati ā, ka taea e ngā rauemi whakahiato kapia koiora te tārua tika i ngā kakano o te rakau, te konganuku, me te muka waro, ka taea ai te hanga hoahoa whaiaro. He pakari te mata o te rauemi, he HRC 30, neke atu rānei, e ārai ana i te rakuraku, he ngāwari ki te horoi, ā, he roa ake te ora i te rua o ngā panera kirihou tuku iho. I te wā kotahi, ka whakaitihia e ōna āhuatanga māmā te kawenga katoa i runga i te wāhi noho o ngā pāhihi, ā, mā te whakakotahitanga me ngā tukanga hanga whakauru, ka whakaitihia te maha o ngā hononga wāhanga, ka whakapai ake i te hanganga whānui o te wāhi noho o ngā pāhihi. Hei tāpiri, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i tēnei rauemi whakahiato i roto i ngā wāhanga pēnei i ngā pouaka rokiroki me ngā okiokinga ringa o ngā wāhi noho o ngā pāhihi, ka whakawhānui ake i te whānuitanga o te tono o ngā rauemi waro-iti.

Mō ngā wāhanga mahi, ngā rauemi hiato kua whakapakarihia ki te muka basalt e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā wāhanga matua pērā i ngā paipa tiaki waea o te wāhi pāhihi, ngā paipa hauhautanga, me ngā anga urungi. Mā te pai o te whakamarumaru me te ātete ki te kakahu, ka taea e ngā paipa tiaki waea te whakakapi i ngā paipa PVC tuku iho, ka whakaitihia te taumaha mā te 40% me te whakaroa i te roa o te mahi mā te 3 ngā wā. Ka whakamahia e te paipa hauhautanga he rauemi pahuka muka basalt me ​​te kawe wera iti iho i te 0.03 W/(m·K), ka whakapai ake i te whakamarumaru wera mā te 50%, ka whakaitihia te whakapaunga pūngao o te pūnaha hauhautanga, ā, i te wā kotahi ka whai mahi whakaiti haruru pai rawa atu, ka whakaitihia te haruru o te kāpini mā te 10-15 dB me te whakarei ake i te ata noho o te eke.

Kei te whakapakari tonu te auahatanga hangarau ā-rohe me te whakapai ake i ngā ahumahi i te urutau o te muka basalt mō ngā rauemi kāpata. Ka whakapai ake ngā kamupene ā-rohe i te kaha o te hononga ā-mata i waenga i te muka me te hanganga kapia mā te whakarerekētanga o te mata muka (ngā kaihoko hononga silane, te maimoatanga plasma), te whakanui ake i ngā āhuatanga miihini o te rauemi hiato mā te 25%-35%. Kua whakawhanakehia hoki e rātou ngā tukanga whakahāngai pēnei i te whakahāngai werohanga, te whakahāngai kōpeketanga, me te mimiti korehau e urutau ana ki ngā wāhanga kāpata, ka taea ai te whakaputa papatipu whai hua o ngā wāhanga mata piko matatini, te whakapoto i te huringa whakahāngai mā te neke atu i te 30% ki te whakataurite ki ngā tukanga tuku iho, me te whakaiti i ngā utu mā te 20%-30%. Hei tāpiri, kei te hanga tahi te ahumahi-mātauranga-rangahau i tētahi pūnaha mekameka ahumahi katoa e kapi ana i "ngā rauemi mata-ngā rauemi hiato-whakahāngai-hangarua," ka hangaia he rōpū ahumahi i ngā rohe whai rawa i te basalt pēnei i ngā kawanatanga o Sichuan me Hebei. Mā tēnei ka taea te tuku rauemi kāpata ā-rohe, ka whakaiti ake i ngā utu mekameka tuku me te tapuwae waro.

I te heke mai, me te whakahou tonu o hiato muka pātarati hangarau, ka whanake ki te "whakaurunga mahi, whakaritenga whaiaro, me te utu iti." Mā roto i ngā hiato mahi tahi me ngā pūoko atamai me ngā rauemi kanapa, ka taea te whakawhanake i ngā wāhanga mahi kāpata atamai (pēnei i ngā panera roto kanapa me ngā nohoanga tairongo-pēhanga). I te whakakotahitanga me te hangarau tā 3D, ka taea te whakarite rauemi kāpata whaiaro kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga kāhua o ngā tauira waka rerekē. I te whanaketanga o ngā tono tauine nui, ka heke haere ngā utu, ka whakatairanga i tōna whakamahinga whānui i roto i ngā waka waenga-ki-iti. Me te tukunga waro iti hei kaupapa matua me te mahi hei tautoko, kei te hanga anō te muka basalt i te pūnaha hou o ngā rauemi kāpata motuka, e whakarato ana i te tautoko rauemi matua mō te haere waro iti, me te whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga matomato me te kounga teitei o te umanga motuka.