Iindaba

Ukugqwala kwekhonkrithi yenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela ukuwohloka kokuqina kwekhonkrithi, kwaye iingxaki zokugqwala kwekhonkrithi zibangela ilahleko enkulu kwezoqoqosho minyaka le. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ilahleko kwezoqoqosho ezibangelwa kukugqwala kwekhonkrithi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufunda ngokuxhathisa ukugqwala kwekhonkrithi yefayibha ye-basalt.

Ngenxa yeenzuzo zabo zokusebenza ezipheleleyo, imicu ye-basalt zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kuquka i-aerospace, ukhuselo, ezothutho, amandla amatsha, ulwakhiwo, ubunjineli baselwandle, kunye neekhemikhali zepetroli. Zisebenza njengendlela ephuculweyo yokutshintsha izinto zemveli.

Ifayibha yeBasalt yifayibha yefilament eqhubekayo eyenziwe ngelitye le-basalt lendalo. Eli litye liyanyibilika kwi-1450°C-1500°C lize litsalwe nge-platinum-rhodium alloy bushing ngesantya esiphezulu. Ifayibha ye-basalt ecocekileyo idla ngokuba mdaka. Luhlobo olutsha lwefayibha engabonakaliyo, enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, esebenza kakhulu eyenziwe zii-oxides ezifana ne-silicon dioxide, i-aluminium oxide, i-calcium oxide, i-magnesium oxide, i-iron oxide, kunye ne-titanium dioxide. Ifayibha eqhubekayo yeBasalt ayinamandla aphezulu kuphela kodwa ikwaneempawu ezintle ezifana nokufakelwa kombane, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, inkqubo yayo yemveliso ivelisa inkunkuma encinci kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, kwaye imveliso elahliweyo inokonakala ngokwendalo ngaphandle komonakalo, okwenza ibe yinto eluhlaza ngokwenene kwaye inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. I-China idwelise ifayibha ye-basalt njengenye yeefayibha ezine ezibalulekileyo zophuhliso (kunye nefayibha ye-carbon, i-aramid, kunye ne-polyethylene enobunzima obukhulu kakhulu) kwaye iphumelele kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso. Ifayibha ye-basalt eqhubekayo ngoku isetyenziswa kakhulu kwii-composites eziqiniswe yifayibha, izixhobo zokungqubana, ukwakha iinqanawa, ishishini leemoto, kunye nezicelo zobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokukhusela.

Kwizakhiwo ezintsha zokuhlala, ii-polymer eziqinisiweyo ze-basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) ziyavela njengezixhobo zokwakha ezithembisayo kakhulu ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezibalaseleyo, kubandakanya amandla aphezulu, ubume obukhaphukhaphu, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-seismic.

Nangona ixabiso lokuqala lee-basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) composites liphezulu, iingenelo zazo zoqoqosho zexesha elide kulwakhiwo lwezindlu zibalulekile.

Ikhonkrithi yefayibha yebasalt eqoshiweyo kufuneka yenziwe phantsi kobushushu obuphakathi kwe--5°C ukuya kwi-25°C. Zombini iiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kakhulu okanye eliphantsi kakhulu linokubangela umxube ongalinganiyo.

Ikhonkrithi eqinisiweyo yefayibha yebasalt enqunqiweyo ibandakanya ukufaka inani elithile leefayibha zebasalt ezinqunqiweyo eziqhubekekayo okanye ezingaqhubekiyo kwikhonkrithi kusetyenziswa indlela efanelekileyo. Le ndlela igcina iingenelo zamandla okuxinwa kwekhonkrithi ngelixa iphucula kakhulu ukuqina kwayo kunye namandla okutsalwa, ngaloo ndlela iqinisa kwaye iqinise ikhonkrithi ngempumelelo kwaye yandisa ubomi benkonzo yezakhiwo zobunjineli.

Ikhonkrithi yeyona nto yokwakha esetyenziswa kakhulu. Inika iingenelo ezininzi, kuquka ukufumaneka kwayo ngokubanzi, inkqubo elula yokuvelisa, iindleko eziphantsi, kunye nokulula kokusetyenziswa kwayo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nezakhiwo, iindlela, iibhulorho, iitonela, kunye nobunjineli be-hydraulic. Njengoko inani elikhulu leeprojekthi zobunjineli liye laphuhliswa, iimfuno zokusebenza kwekhonkrithi nazo ziye zanda kancinci kancinci. Ngenxa yoko, ukusilela kwekhonkrithi yendabuko, njengokungoneli kwamandla okutsalwa, ukumelana nokuqhekeka okungalunganga, kunye nokungazinzi komthamo, kuye kwabonakala. Ke ngoko, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi kuye kwaba yenye yeendlela eziphambili zophando kubunjineli bokwakha.

Kwicandelo lobunjineli bokwakha, izakhiwo zekhonkrithi zibaluleke kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngophuhliso lweshishini lokwakha, ingxaki yenkunkuma yokwakha iya isiba yinto ephawulekayo, apho ikhonkrithi elahliweyo ithatha indawo enkulu. Ukufezekisa injongo yeshishini lokwakha engenakhabhoni iphantsi, ukusetyenziswa kwekhonkrithi ephinda isetyenziswe kuye kwatsala ingqalelo kancinci kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ikhonkrithi ephinda isetyenziswe ineziphene ezithile ekusetyenzisweni kwayo, njengokungabi namandla ngokwaneleyo kunye nokuqina okunzima.