Amashanyarazi ya Basalt

Igitekerezo cyo gukora fibre kuva basalt ntabwo ari shyashya. Ipatanti ya mbere yo gukora fibre fibre yatanzwe mu 1923, naho mu myaka ya za 1950 na 1960, ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwibanze ku bikorwa bya gisirikare. Ndetse no kuyobora Ikirahure abaproducer bakoze ubushakashatsi kuri basalt muri kiriya gihe, nubwo bahinduye icyerekezo cyabo cya R&D mumwaka wa 1970 bahinduranya fibre yibirahure ikora cyane nka S-2. Mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, inyungu za fibre fibre ya basalt yagiye ihinduka, ariko mumyaka yashize, yazamutse cyane.

Urebye ko basalt ikomoka kuri magnesium- na fer ikungahaye ku byuma bikonjesha vuba mu rutare, ntibitangaje kuba fibre ya basalt igaragaza ubushyuhe budasanzwe bw’umuriro, kurwanya umuriro, hamwe n’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Iyi mitungo ibagira ibikoresho bisanzwe byo kubika ubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Kurugero, uruganda rukora fibre yo mu Burusiya Kamenny Vek itanga inganda z’imodoka zo muri Amerika hamwe n’ibicuruzwa biva mu kirere kandi bitanga ibikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe mu nganda zikoreshwa mu nganda.

Kurenga imikorere yubushyuhe, fibre'S Ihuza Imbaraga, Gukomera, Kurwanya Ingaruka, na Imiti inertness ituma ishimangira gushimangira guhimba. Mubikoresho bya fibre-byongerewe imbaraga (FRP), uburyo bwo kubumba busa nibya fibre. Hafi ya tekinike yububiko bwa fibre yububiko irashobora guhuzwa na fibre ya basalt hamwe noguhindura bito kubintu byingenzi. Fibre ya Basalt nayo irahujwe na sisitemu zose zisanzwe.

Nubwo ubucucike bwa basalt (2,63 g / cm³) buri hejuru gato ya fibre yikirahure, ibyiza byayo bikora bituma byoroha kandi byoroshye gushushanya.

Ubushyuhe bwa Basalt fibre burimo kwitabwaho birenze ubwishingizi. Ibigize byinshi bigenda bikoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba ubushyuhe bwagutse. Ingaruka zayo zo guhangana nazo ziruta fibre fibre. Ubushakashatsi bwibanze bwakozwe n’ikigo cy’Ubudage cyitwa Integrated Lightweight Construction Centre hamwe n’ikigo cy’ikoranabuhanga cy’imyenda muri kaminuza ya RWTH Aachen cyerekanye ko imyenda ya basalt Hybrid yarn yambara (HYWF) -yongerewe imbaraga za polyamide 6 ikurura ingufu za 35% zirenze fibre y’ibirahure HYWF na 17% kuruta fibre ya karubone HYWF.

Okiside ya fer na aluminium muri basalt bigira uruhare mubyiza byinyongera. Kurugero, fibre ya basalt yerekana uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya ruswa no kutagira umuriro kuruta E-ikirahure. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Mafic yo muri Irlande na Fraunhofer umushinga wo muri Kanada bwemeje ko ibizamini bya basalt fibre / epoxy yipimishije byageze kuri 40% yo hejuru ya modulus ya tensile, imbaraga zingana, hamwe nimbaraga zo gukata hagati, hamwe na 20% bikomeye cyane, ugereranije na E-ibirahuri / epoxy panne yakozwe hamwe na resin imwe. Kamenny Vek yatangaje ibisubizo bisa.

Fibre'Amazi make yo kwinjiza ni ingenzi mu kubaka no gukoresha imiyoboro ikoreshwa. Ntabwo itwara kandi, nkibintu bisanzwe bibaho, byoroshye kuyitunganya kuruta fibre synthique - ikintu cyingenzi cyita kumodoka nizindi nganda. Gencarelle isobanura fibre ya basalt nk "ibinure, icyatsi, kandi ikaze" kuruta ubundi buryo, igashyira ibiyigize nkibiraro bikora neza hagati ya E-ikirahure na karuboni. Nkuko Thompson abivuga, “Turimo kuziba icyuho kiri hagati ya fibre karuboni n'ibirahure - isoko rimaze igihe kinini rishaka igisubizo nk'iki.”

Guhindura karuboni ukajya muri fibre ya basalt ngo byoroshye kuruta guhinduranya E-ikirahure, nubwo byombi bishoboka. Kubakoresha fibre ya karubone, kuzigama ibiciro bitwara ihinduka, mugihe basalt iringaniza imikorere-ku giciro gikwiranye na porogaramu aho imikorere ya ultra-high-carbone idakenewe. Uburyo bwabo bwo kunanirwa nabwo buratandukanye: fibre ya karubone ikunda kunanirwa bikabije (urugero, kumenagura), mugihe fibre ya basalt yerekana buhoro buhoro, gutsindwa neza. Streetman abigaragaza: “Ukuguru kwa karubone igizwe na prostate yananiranye mu buryo butunguranye, bigatera kugwa; ukuguru kwa basalt kwemerera umukoresha kwicara.”

Mugihe iterambere ryumusaruro rigabanya ibiciro, fibre ya basalt ikomeza kuba inshuro ebyiri nka E-ikirahure mubisabwa byinshi. Kugirango ushimangire premium, imitungo yacyo isumba izindi - gukomera, imbaraga, kurwanya ingaruka, imiti / amazi, hamwe nuburyo bwo gutsindwa neza - bigomba gutanga agaciro gakomeye. Uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere, uru rutare rwibirunga rurimo gushushanya umwanya wihariye kwisi yibikoresho bigezweho.