Ubuchwepheshe obubili obujwayelekile bokulungiselela i-basalt fiber eqhubekayo
1. Indlela Yomlilo
Indlela yelangabi ihilela inqubo yokukhiqiza lapho ukushisa kulethwa ngqo ebusweni be- I-Basalt ncibilika ngaphakathi kwesithando se-basalt esakhiwe ngezitini esiqinile. Lokhu kushisa kuvame ukudalwa amalangabi (njengomoya-mpilo wemvelo noma ukushisa komoya oshisayo, noma amalangabi e-plasma) avela phezulu kwesithando. Le ndlela yokushisa eyinhloko ingafakwa ngokushisa kwe-electrode engezansi. Yonke inqubo ihlanganisa ukuncibilikisa, ukucacisa, kanye nokwakheka.
Izitofu zomlilo ezincane, ezizimele, okwamanje ezivamile embonini, zisebenzisa kuphela ukushisa okuphezulu kwegesi yemvelo futhi azinawo ama-electrode angaphansi asekelayo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokusebenzisa kwazo amandla aphezulu, izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphezulu, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko zomkhiqizo, izinkampani eziningi ezisebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe zibhekene nokulahlekelwa okukhulu futhi ziseduze nokuqothuka.
Isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwendlela yelangabi yilesi isithando somlilo sethangi esishiswa ilangabi, esebenzisa indlela "yokuhlanganisa igesi nogesi" enokushisa okuphezulu kwegesi ne-oxygen yemvelo kanye nokushisa kwe-electrode engezansi okusizayo. Le ndlela "yokuhlanganisa igesi nogesi" iwubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bokukhiqiza I-Glass Fibers, futhi lawa ma-kiln e-fiber engilazi asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ngempumelelo, ikakhulukazi ama-kiln eyunithi, asebe yindinganiso yemiklamo yokudweba i-kiln ye-fiber tank yengilazi. Kuye kwenziwa imizamo yokudlulisela lobu buchwepheshe ekukhiqizweni okuqhubekayo kwe-basalt fiber, kodwa naphezu kwezilingo ezilinganiselwe, impumelelo ayikakafinyelelwa. Eminyakeni emibili edlule, abanye bathathe indlela ehlukile, beshintsha kusuka ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezihlanzekile zamadwala entaba-mlilo kuya ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezakhiwe (okungukuthi, ukufaka ingxenye enkulu yamadwala angewona ama-volcanic). Lokhu kuholele ekuqalisweni nasekusebenzeni ngempumelelo kwemigqa yokukhiqiza i-tank furnace engu-10,000-ton/ngonyaka kanye namathani angu-3,500-ton/ngonyaka.
2. Indlela Yokuncibilikisa Konke Ngogesi
Indlela yokuncibilikisa yonke into ngogesi ihilela inqubo yokukhiqiza lapho amandla kagesi ethunyelwa ngqo ekuncibilikeni kwe-basalt okushisa okuphezulu ngaphakathi kwesithando se-basalt esakhiwe ngezitini esingaphili. Lokhu kufezwa ngama-electrode (njenge-graphite, i-molybdenum, i-tin dioxide, njll.) noma (kanye) nezinye izindlela ezibonakalayo (njengezindlela ze-plasma). Lobu buchwepheshe buhlanganisa ukuncibilikisa, ukucacisa, kanye nokwakheka.
Indlela yokuncibilikisa i-basalt fiber eqhubekayo yaseShayina yaqala ngoHlelo lukazwelonke lwe-863 ngo-2002, olwaqeda umshini wokudweba wesithando esincane ozimele usebenzisa le ndlela. Intuthuko ebalulekile ekuqhubekeni i-basalt fiber Ubuchwepheshe bokudweba ukuncibilikisa okusebenzisa ugesi wonke bafezwa ngo-2016, ngokuqedwa kwesithando somlilo sethangi lokuncibilikisa elisebenzisa ugesi wonke esikalini samathani ayinkulungwane ngonyaka. Lolu hlelo lusebenzisa ama-electrode aqhubekayo anemigqa eminingi, okuvumela ukujula kwezinga loketshezi oluncibilikisayo olufika ku-1300mm. Ububanzi be-monofilament yomkhiqizo bugxile phakathi kuka-9-22μm, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphelele kweyunithi kungu-3.0-3.5 kWh/kg, okubonisa imiphumela emihle yokonga amandla. Ngo-2018, umugqa wokukhiqiza isithando somlilo sethangi lokuncibilikisa elisebenzisa ugesi wonke esingu-1200-ton/ngonyaka ("owodwa kuya kowesishiyagalombili," kusetshenziswa ama-spinnerets angu-400-hole) waqaliswa ngokusemthethweni ukusebenza. Usebenze ngokuzinzile iminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu, okuqinisekisa ukuthi impilo yesithando somlilo ingafinyelela eminyakeni engaphezu kwemithathu.
Kuze kube manje, ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezihlanzekile zamadwala entaba-mlilo, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-basalt fiber obuqhubekayo bugcinwa kuphela ezingeni lobuchwepheshe besithando sethangi samathani ayinkulungwane ngonyaka, futhi kuphela ngendlela yokuncibilikisa esebenza ngogesi kuphela.
3. Ukuqhathaniswa Kwemizila Emibili Yobuchwepheshe
Izici zokushisa okuphezulu ukuncibilika kwe-basalt, okungukuthi ukuguquguquka kwayo kokushisa okubi, ukuthambekela kwayo okuphezulu, kanye nezakhiwo zayo ezimfushane, yizona kanye ezenza kube nzima ukukhiqizwa kwe-basalt fiber eqhubekayo.
- Indlela Yomlilo
Indlela yelangabi, ubuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe obuqalwe yiSoviet Union yangaphambili (manje eyiRussia ne-Ukraine) futhi obuvumelaniswe nezimo ezithile zaseShayina, isetshenziswe kabanzi. Kodwa-ke, inkinga yayo enkulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko eziphansi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwesakhiwo okungokwemvelo kule ndlela ngokwayo.
Ukusetshenziswa Kokushisa Okuphansi
Ngale ndlela, igesi yemvelo ishiswa isuka phezulu kwesithando, ilangabi lifudumeza ngqo ubuso obuncibilikayo be-basalt. Ukushisa okungaphezu kuka-60% kubonakala ebusweni obuncibilikayo futhi kuthwalwe amagesi okukhipha umoya. Njengoba ukuncibilika kwe-basalt okushisa okuphezulu kune-conductivity yokushisa ephansi ngokuphindwe kayishumi kunokuncibilika kwengilazi okushisa okuphezulu, ukudluliselwa kokushisa kuhamba kancane kakhulu. Izithando ezincane, zeyunithi eyodwa zingagcina ukujula kokuncibilika okungaba ngu-15cm kuphela. Ngenkathi izithando zethangi le-basalt batch ezifudunyezwa ilangabi ezingamathani ayi-10,000 ngonyaka zingafinyelela ukujula kokuncibilika okungama-50cm ngokushisa kwe-electrode engezansi okusizayo, ukuncibilika kwakha isakhiwo esifana nesitsha ngaphakathi kwesithando, okuholela endaweni enkulu ethile kanye nokushabalaliswa okukhulu kokushisa. Ukulahlekelwa ukushisa ngezinto zokushisa kudlula u-10%. Ngenxa yalokho, izinga langempela lokusetshenziswa kokushisa lingaphansi kuka-30%.
Ikhwalithi Ephansi Yokuncibilika
Ngenxa yezinga lokuncibilika elingajulile endleleni yomlilo, izingxenye zokucacisa kanye nokuhlanganiswa azikwazi ukufeza ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele, okuholela ekwehleni kwekhwalithi yokuncibilika.
Ukukhishwa Kwegesi Ephumayo
Ukushiswa kwegesi yemvelo kukhiqiza amagesi okukhipha umoya njenge-sulfur kanye ne-nitrogen oxides.
Ukukhishwa Kwegesi Ebamba Ukushisa
Njengophethiloli wezinto zasendulo, ukushiswa kwegesi yemvelo kukhipha inani elikhulu le-CO2, igesi ebamba ukushisa.
Ukutshalwa Kwezimali Kwemishini Ephakeme
Ukubhekana nokukhishwa kwegesi ephumayo ngenxa yokushiswa kwegesi yemvelo kudinga izinyathelo zokulawula ukungcola. Ukusetshenziswa kokushisa okuphansi kudinga nezinyathelo zokubuyisa ukushisa okulahliwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushiswa kwe-oxygen okumsulwa kudinga imishini yokukhiqizwa kwe-oxygen. Lezi zici ezintathu zandisa kakhulu ukutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kweyunithi yendlela yomlilo cishe kungama-RMB ayi-11,000-20,000 ngethani.
- Indlela Yokuncibilikisa Konke Ngogesi
Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yomlilo, indlela yokuncibilikisa esebenzisa ugesi wonke inikeza izinzuzo eziphawulekayo.
Ikhwalithi Ephakeme Yokuncibilika
Ubuchwepheshe bokuncibilikisa obusebenzisa ugesi wonke busekelwe esimisweni sokuthi ukuncibilika kuqhuba ugesi esimweni sokuncibilikisa esiphezulu, okuvumela amandla kagesi ukuthi anikezwe ngqo ekuncibilikeni ukuze kufudunyezwe ngaphakathi. Ukuhlelwa okuqondile kwama-electrode kwenza kube lula ukuncibilika okuqondile. Amathani ayinkulungwane ngonyaka izitofu zethangi lokuncibilikisa ezisebenzisa ugesi wonke zingafinyelela ukujula kokuncibilika okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1.2, okuhlinzeka ngokucaciswa okude kanye nesigaba sokuhlanganiswa. Indawo ye-isothermal yokushisa okuphezulu ngaphakathi kwethangi ijule kakhulu, okuholela ekuncibilikeni okungcono kanye nekhwalithi yokuhlanganiswa kwe-basalt.
Ukusebenza Kahle Kwamandla
Ukushisa kwangaphakathi okuqondile kokuncibilika, ukuncibilika okuqondile, amathangi ajulile, kanye nokumbozwa kwezinto ezibandayo ebusweni bokuncibilika kunegalelo emazingeni aphezulu okuncibilika kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokushisa. Okokuqala, ama-electrode afakwe ngqo ekuncibilikeni aqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okugcwele kokushisa kweJoule. Okwesibili, izinga lokuncibilika okujulile, lapho ukujula kwalo kusondela ububanzi bangaphakathi besithando, kuphumela endaweni encane, cishe encane kakhulu yendawo ethile yokuncibilika. Lesi sakhiwo sejometri sinciphisa kakhulu ukushabalaliswa kokushisa uma kuqhathaniswa nesakhiwo esifana nesitsha sendlela yomlilo. Okwesithathu, ukumbozwa kwezinto ezibandayo ebusweni bokuncibilika kwakha "i-cold furnace top," okunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kokushisa.
I-Footprint Ephansi Yekhabhoni
Ubuchwepheshe bokuncibilikisa obusebenzisa ugesi wonke buqeda ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuhlobene nokushiswa kwegesi yemvelo ngendlela yelangabi. Ukukhishwa kwayo kwekhabhoni kunqunywa kuphela yingxube yamandla yegridi yamandla. Uma kusetshenziswa amandla kagesi angaphansi kwamanzi noma eminye imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni akutholakali.
Ukutshalwa Kwezimali Okuphansi
Njengoba indlela yokuncibilikisa yonke into ngogesi ingabandakanyi ukushiswa kwegesi yemvelo ngogesi ophumayo, asikho isidingo sokutshala imali emishinini yokwelapha imvelo ngegesi yokukhipha umoya noma imishini yokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumbozwa kwezinto ezibandayo ebusweni bokuncibilika kusho ukuthi akudingeki ukutshalwa kwezimali emishinini yokubuyisa ukushisa okulahliwe. Ngakho-ke, ukutshalwa kwezimali kweyunithi yendlela yokuncibilikisa yonke into ngogesi kuphansi.
Inzuzo Yezindleko
Ukonga amandla okukhulu kanye nokwehla kwenani eliphansi kwempahla ezinzile kuhumushela ekubeni yinzuzo ehlukile yezindleko.
