Ngā Pūrongo

I roto i te ao whānui o te pūtaiao rauemi, kei reira tētahi momo muka ahurei—he mea kāore i whānau mai i te hanganga matū matatini, engari i ahu tika mai i te toka pakeke tawhito: ko te pātarati. Ko tēnei rauemi he muka pātarati—he muka kore-oraora mahi-teitei, nā ōna takenga motuhake me ōna āhuatanga whānui tino pai, kei te puta puku mai hei kaitākaro rongonui puta noa i ngā rāngai ahumahi maha.

Me mārama tuatahi tātou he aha tēnei mea. He māmā noa iho, ko te muka pātarati he muka tonu e hangaia ana mā te whakamahi i te konganuku pātarati tūturu hei rauemi mata kounga teitei; i muri i te whakarewatanga i te pāmahana teitei, ka tere te kume mā roto i ngā pūwero konukōre konukōre-rhodium. He nui ngā pūtake rauemi mata, ā, e kitea ana i ngā wāhi katoa o te ao. Ko te tikanga, he muka silicate tūturu noa iho; kāore he matū tāpiri hei tāpiri i roto i tana tukanga whakaputa, he āhuatanga motuhake tēnei e whakarato ana i ētahi āhuatanga motuhake.
Whai muri, ka whakamāramahia e au ētahi āhuatanga matua o te muka o te paparāti i ia tohu.

I te taha o te tere pikinga ake o te "ōhanga iti-teitei," kei te kitea te pikinga nui o te tono mō te hanganga o ngā hanganga—pērā i ngā wāhi taunga me te rere o ngā waka rererangi kore-taraiwa, ngā taunga rererangi whānui, ngā pokapū kawe waka iti-teitei, me ngā pourewa whakatere me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. Ehara i te mea me tutuki noa i ēnei whare ngā whakaritenga matua mō te hoahoa mama, te kaha teitei, me te roa o te ora, engari me urutau hoki ki ngā āhuatanga mahi uaua e pā ana ki ngā āhuarangi tino kino, te rehu tote moana, me te whakamahinga auau teitei, me te whai i te huarahi whanaketanga matomato me te iti-waro.

Ko te muka basalt, e whakarāpopototia ana ko te CBF, he muka tonu kore-whakarewa kore-waro i hangaia mai i te konganuku basalt mā roto i ngā tukanga rewa me te kukume i te pāmahana teitei. Ehara i te mea he pai noa iho ōna āhuatanga miihini, pērā i te kaha teitei me te modulus teitei, engari he pai hoki te pumau matū, te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, me ngā painga utu. Hei rauemi mahi kohuke whakapakari miihini nui me te rauemi hanganga matomato, kua angitu te whakauru atu o te muka basalt ki ngā rarangi o ngā rauemi muka matua e whā o tōku whenua mō te whanaketanga (me te muka waro, te muka aramid, me te muka polyethylene taumaha ngota tino teitei).

Ko ngā rauemi hiato muka basalt, me ō rātou painga he mama, he kaha teitei, he haumaru, he pai hoki mō te taiao, ka āwhina i ngā waka hiko hou ki te whakaiti i te taumaha mā te 30%-50%, ki te whakapai ake i te ātete pānga mā te neke atu i te 40%, ā, ki te whakawhānui ake i te whānuitanga taraiwa. He ātete ahi, he ārai wera, he ātete waikura hoki tēnei "rauemi matomato" i ahu mai i te toka puia, e whakaatu ana i te mahi tino pai i roto i ngā pūnaha pākahiko, ngā hanganga tinana, me ngā wāhanga anga, e whakateretere ana i te ahunga whakamua o te umanga ki tētahi heke mai haumaru ake, whai hua ake hoki.

I a tātou e tomo ana ki te tau 2026, kei te neke te arotahi ahumahi o te ao mai i ngā muka hangai tuku iho ki tētahi rauemi tawhito engari he mea hou - te muka pātarati. I te pikinga tonu o ngā rapunga mō te "Hanga Kakariki" me te "Hanganga Tauwhiro" i ngā mākete o Ūropi me Amerika, ko te muka pātarati, me ōna āhuatanga taiao 100% me te mahi taiao tino pai, kei te huri hei "tino aroha hou" o te pūtaiao rauemi.

Ki te whakatauritea ki ētahi atu muka mahi-teitei, he nui ngā rauemi mata o te muka basalt tonu, he tukanga whakaputa pai mō te taiao, he kaha teitei, he pai te āhua o te tinana, me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū. Ko ōna whakamahinga matua ko:

I te taha o te pikinga o te tono mō ngā rauemi mama, ātete ki te pāmahana teitei i roto i te ao rererangi, kua tutuki i te umanga muka basalt o Haina tētahi whanaketanga nui i roto i te hangarau whakaputa papatipu mō ngā muka tino pai rawa atu o te tauine maikoron, me ngā tohu mahi e tino rite ana ki ngā hiahia o ngā hanganga rererangi. Mā tēnei ka whakaratohia he otinga whakararuraru mō te tūhuratanga hōhonu o te wāhi, te tiaki i ngā waka rererangi, me te hanganga turanga o te marama.

I roto i te ao ngaro, ngaro hoki o te moana hohonu, kei te whanake haere tētahi hurihanga rauemi i whakaohokia e ngā "toka". Kei te huri te muka basalt—koinei muka hangarau teitei i ahu mai i te toka puia—hei "anga maitai" o ngā papa hinu me te hau moana hohonu, hei "pūeru mama" o ngā karetao moana hohonu, hei "tūāpapa pumau" o te mana hau moana. Ehara i te mea ka pakaru noa i ngā here i whakatakotoria e te taiao moana hohonu rawa atu ki te tūhuratanga tangata, engari ka huri anō hoki i te whenua whakataetae o te ōhanga moana hohonu me tana mahi whakamiharo, tae atu ki te pikinga 15% o te pai o te tango me te whakaroa 30% o te roa o te ora o ngā taputapu. Me tūhura tātou i te "wā kikorangi hohonu hou" i kawea mai e te muka basalt.

He nui te pātarati i runga i te Ao, he toka i hangaia mai i te whakamatao o te rangitoto puia. Mā te rewa pāmahana teitei me te kukume pai, ka hangaia ngā muka pātarati, mā te whakamahi i te tukanga hanga rite ki te muka karāhe. I ngā pāmahana teitei o te 1450℃ ki te 1500℃, ka rewahia te toka pātarati, kātahi ka kukumea i te tere tere mā roto i te mīhini hurihuri koranu ātete pāmahana teitei hei whakaputa muka tonu. He rite te kaha o ēnei muka ki ngā muka karāhe kaha-teitei. Hei tāpiri, ko te muka pātarati, hei momo rauemi muka kore-waro hou, he pai ki te taiao, he mahi-teitei, kei roto i ngā momo waikura pērā i te hauhā silicon, te waikura konumohe, te waikura konupūmā, te waikura konupora, te waikura rino, me te hauhā titanium, ka hoatu he āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū pai rawa atu.