Ulusi wa Basalt: Injini Yachiwiri Yopepuka ndi Chitetezo mu Magalimoto Atsopano Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu
Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi basalt fiber, ndi ubwino wawo wokhala Wopepuka, yolimba kwambiri, yotetezeka, komanso yosawononga chilengedwe, imathandiza magalimoto atsopano amphamvu kuchepetsa kulemera ndi 30%-50%, kuonjezera kukana kugunda ndi kupitirira 40%, ndikukulitsa kwambiri mtunda woyendetsa. "Zinthu zobiriwira" izi zochokera ku miyala yamoto zilinso ndi mphamvu zoteteza moto, zoteteza kutentha, komanso zoteteza dzimbiri, zomwe zikuwonetsa magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri m'machitidwe a batri, kapangidwe ka thupi, ndi zigawo za chassis, zomwe zikufulumizitsa kupita patsogolo kwa makampani kupita ku tsogolo lotetezeka komanso logwira ntchito bwino.
Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi basalt fiber akusamuka kuchoka ku labotale kupita ku mzere wopanga magalimoto atsopano amphamvu. Ndi ubwino wawo wonse wokhala wopepuka, wolimba kwambiri, wotetezeka, wodalirika, wosawononga ndalama, komanso wosawononga chilengedwe, akukhala chinthu choyenera kusintha zitsulo ndi aluminiyamu zachikhalidwe. "Zinthu zobiriwira" izi zochokera ku miyala yamoto zimatha kuchepetsa kulemera kwa magalimoto ndi 30%-50% pomwe zikukweza kukana kwa mphamvu ndi 40%, kukulitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa magalimoto oyendetsa mabatire, ndikuyika mphamvu zatsopano mumakampani atsopano amagetsi.
Wochita Zinthu Zambiri mu Ulusi wa Basalt Zipangizo
Ulusi wa basalt ndi ulusi wa inorganic wochita bwino kwambiri womwe umapangidwa posungunula miyala yachilengedwe ya basalt pa kutentha kwa 1450-1500℃ kenako n’kuigwiritsa ntchito kudzera mu platinum-rhodium alloy spinneret. Kapangidwe kake kapadera kamakwaniritsa bwino zosowa za magalimoto atsopano amphamvu:
* Yopepuka:** Kuchuluka kwake ndi 2.65g/cm³ yokha, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu la chitsulo ndi magawo awiri mwa atatu a aluminiyamu, komabe ili ndi mphamvu yofanana ndi chitsulo.
* Mphamvu Yapamwamba Kwambiri:** Mphamvu yokoka imafika 2500-4800MPa (kuwirikiza nthawi 35 kuposa ya chitsulo wamba), ndipo mphamvu yokoka imatha kufika 1200MPa, 25% kuposa ulusi wagalasi.
* Kukana Moto:** Malo ofewa ali pafupi ndi 1000℃, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya >63, mlingo wosayaka V0, sichimawonongeka kapena kuphulika chikayaka moto.
* Chotetezera kutentha:** Kuteteza pamwamba ≥10⁹Ω·cm, zomwe zimathandiza kupewa ngozi zotayikira kwa batri.
Kukana Kudzikundikira: Pambuyo pa maola 5000 a kuyesa kupopera mchere, mphamvu inachepa ndi 9.8% yokha, ndipo kuya kwa kulowa kwa chloride ion kunali 0.12mm yokha (1/3 ya aloyi ya aluminiyamu).
Kukhazikika kwa Kutentha: Kugwira ntchito kokhazikika pa kutentha kwakukulu kuyambira 269℃ mpaka 700℃, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kwambiri pakuwongolera kutentha kwa dongosolo la batri.
Ubwino wa Zachilengedwe: Zipangizo zopangira sizimatha; mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndi 1/3 ya aloyi ya aluminiyamu, mpweya wa kaboni umachepetsedwa ndi 70%, ndipo umabwezeretsedwanso 100%.
"Mnzanu Wagolide" wa Magalimoto Atsopano Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu - Madera Atatu Aakulu Ogwiritsira Ntchito
1. Dongosolo la Mabatire (Nyumba Yosungira Mabatire): Kuphatikiza Kwabwino Kwambiri kwa Chitetezo ndi Zopepuka
Kusintha aluminiyamu kumachepetsa kulemera kwa 35%-50%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya batri ikhale yochuluka komanso kuti iyende bwino.
Kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kwa kutentha kumateteza batire kutenthedwa kwambiri ndipo kumawonjezera moyo wa batri ndi 15%-20%.
Chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri ku kuwonongeka kwa batri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukana kukhudzidwa kukhale bwino ndi 35%.
Kapangidwe ka zinthu zotetezera kutentha kumachotsa chiopsezo cha kutuluka kwa madzi ndipo kumakwaniritsa miyezo yachitetezo chamagetsi amphamvu.
BYD yapanga bwino ukadaulo wa batire ya basalt fiber, zomwe zapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza kwambiri pakuwongolera kupepuka ndi chitetezo, zomwe zakhazikitsa muyezo wabwino kwambiri m'makampani.
2. Kapangidwe ka Thupi (Mafelemu ndi Zophimba za Thupi): Kupanga Kabati Yotetezeka ya "Yopepuka ngati Kumeza, Yolimba ngati Mwala". Kuchepetsa kulemera kwa 40% pamene kuli kolimba, kukonza magwiridwe antchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera.
Pogwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka basalt/glass fiber hybrid (30% basalt + 70% galasi fiber), mphamvu yopindika imafika 1200MPa, ndipo kukana kugwedezeka kumawonjezeka ndi 30%, zomwe zimakwaniritsa muyezo wa CNCAP wa nyenyezi zisanu.
Kusintha pang'ono kwa kutentha kumatsimikizira kukhazikika kwa galimoto kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kusinthasintha kokongola.
FAW Hongqi ikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zolemera za basalt fiber pamlingo waukulu koyamba mu galimoto yake yamagetsi ya E702, zomwe zikuyendetsa kusintha kwakukulu pakupanga zopepuka zamagalimoto.
3. Chassis ndi Zigawo Zofunika: Kupititsa patsogolo Kawiri pa Magwiridwe Antchito ndi Moyo Wawo.
Mbale yotsetsereka ya chassis: Kuchepetsa kulemera ndi 40%, kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito a aerodynamic pamene ikuteteza batri ku ngozi za pamsewu.
Dongosolo Loyimitsira: Masamba otseguka ndi opepuka ndi 50%-70%, nthawi yogwira ntchito yotopa imawonjezeka kasanu, ndipo mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimachepa ndi 12%-15%.
Mawilo: Amachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 15kg kufika pa 8kg pogwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu yachikhalidwe, kuchepetsa kulemera kosapindika komanso kukonza chitonthozo ndi magwiridwe antchito.
Dongosolo Lopangira Mabuleki: Mabuleki amalimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi wa basalt, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kwapamwamba kukhale kokhazikika, kuchotsa "kutha kwa kutentha," kukonza mabuleki ndi 15%, ndikuchepetsa phokoso ndi 30%.
Kukweza Chitetezo Chathunthu - Zopinga Zinayi Zazikulu Zoteteza
1. Chitetezo cha Kugundana: Katswiri Woyamwa Mphamvu
The ulusi wa basalt Bokosi lophatikizana lomwe limanyamula mphamvu limanyamula mphamvu zambiri ndi 40% kuposa chitsulo chachikhalidwe chikagundana. Kudzera mu njira zochotsera ulusi ndi kutulutsa ulusi, limafalitsa mphamvu yogunda, kuteteza bwino kabati ndi batri.
2. Chitetezo cha Batri: Kupanga "Chizimitsiro cha Moto"
Chitetezo cha Kutentha: Sichimakula bwino pa kutentha kwa 1000℃, zomwe zimaletsa kufalikira kwa kutentha kwa batri komanso kupewa kuyaka kwa moto.
Chotetezera Magetsi: Voltage yowononga >15kV, yomwe imateteza kutuluka kwa batri kuti isavulaze anthu okhalamo.
Chitetezo cha Kapangidwe: Kukana kubowola kwawonjezeka ndi 60%, zomwe zimaletsa kuwonongeka kwa batri chifukwa cha kugundana ndi chassis.
3. Kusinthasintha kwa Zachilengedwe: Chitsimikizo cha Chitetezo cha Nyengo Zonse
Kukana Nyengo: Kukana kuwala kwa UV ndi dzimbiri la mvula ya asidi, kumawonjezera nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi nthawi 2-3 ndikuchepetsa ndalama zokonzera ndi 70%.
Kukhazikika kwa Kutentha: Kukhazikika mu kukula kwake pamalo ozizira kwambiri (40℃) komanso otentha kwambiri (60℃), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimoto igwire bwino ntchito nthawi zonse.
4. Kugwirizana kwa Magetsi: Malo Okhala Chete komanso Otetezeka
Kuteteza bwino kwambiri maginito (magetsi ogwira ntchito >30dB), kuchepetsa kuwala kwa maginito mkati mwa galimoto, kuteteza thanzi la munthu amene ali mgalimoto, komanso kukonza bwino njira yolumikizirana.
Kuchulukitsa kawiri malo oyendetsera galimoto - "Zotsatira zochulukitsa" za kupepuka
Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi basalt fiber kukonza magalimoto atsopano oyendera mphamvu kudzera m'njira zitatu zazikulu:
1. Kuchepetsa Kulemera Mwachindunji: Pa kuchepetsa kulemera kwa galimoto ndi 10% iliyonse, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto komwe galimoto imayendetsa kumawonjezeka ndi 5%-8%. Pa galimoto yamagetsi ya matani awiri, kuchepetsa kulemera kwa 300kg kumatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ndi 4060km.
2. Kuchepetsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu: Kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya injini ndi 12%-15%, kumachepetsa katundu wa makina oziziritsira mpweya ndi 8%-10% (kapangidwe kopepuka kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu), kumachepetsa kukana kwa matayala, komanso kumachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa matayala ndi 10%.
3. Kugwira Ntchito Bwino kwa Batri: Kumachepetsa kulemera kwa paketi ya batri, kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, komanso mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri oyendetsera kutentha kumaonetsetsa kuti batri nthawi zonse limagwira ntchito bwino mkati mwa kutentha kwake, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu ndi 7%-10%.
4. Ubwino Wonse: Magalimoto atsopano amphamvu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi basalt fiber composite amatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ndi 15%-25%, pomwe amachepetsa mtengo wa batri ndi 15%-20% (kulola kuti mabatire ang'onoang'ono azitha kuyendetsa bwino magalimoto).
