Izisetshenziswa Zokukhiqiza kanye Nobuchwepheshe Bokulawula Ukunemba Kwe-Basalt Fiber Eqhubekayo

1. Izisetshenziswa Zokukhiqiza Eziyinhloko Zokuqhubekayo I-Basalt Fiber 
Okuqhubekayo i-basalt fiber ukukhiqiza kuthatha "inqubo yesinyathelo esisodwa", ebonakala ngokuhamba komsebenzi okulula kodwa izithiyo zobuchwepheshe eziphezulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwe-carbon fibre, i-basalt fiber eqhubekayo idla amandla amancane kakhulu (angaphansi kwe-1/10 yokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-carbon fibre) futhi ayikhiphi i-CO₂, i-SO₂, noma amanye amagesi ayingozi, okwenza kube indlela yokukhiqiza ehambisana nemvelo nekhabhoni ephansi. Imishini eshisayo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza i-basalt fiber eqhubekayo isithando somlilo, esihlukaniswa ngezithando zomlilo eziqhumayo kanye neziko lamathangi.

(1) Isithando Somlilo Esivuthayo
Isithando somlilo esicijile ngokuvamile sisebenza ngesithando somlilo esisodwa isihlahla ngasinye.
Izinzuzo: Usayizi ohlangene, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi, ukuguquguquka kwezinqubo zokulungiswa kwendawo, nokufaneleka kwenqwaba encane noma ukukhiqizwa okukhethekile.
Ukungalungi: Ukusebenza kahle kokushisa okuphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo engahambisani, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphansi, kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zizonke.
Njengamanje, izithando zomlilo ezicijile zibusa imboni ye-basalt fibre eqhubekayo, enamandla okukhiqiza wonyaka amathani ayi-100-300. Ngenxa yokuwohloka kwe-electrode kanye ne-refractory material, ama-crucible furnaces anesikhathi esifushane sokuphila sezinyanga ezingu-6-12. Phakathi nezigaba zokuqala zokuthuthukiswa kwemboni, ama-crucible furnaces ayelungele ukukhiqiza okuncane kanye nocwaningo lwemishini.
Izinhlobo zama-Crucible Furnaces:

• I-Flame Crucible Furnace: Ishisisa igesi yemvelo nokushiswa komoya.
  Izinzuzo: Ukulawulwa komlilo okuguquguqukayo, ukuqala okusheshayo/ukumisa amandla.
  Ububi: Izinga lokushisa eliphansi lelangabi, umthamo ophansi wokuncibilika, ukumosheka kwamandla ngenxa ye-nitrogen (78% yomoya) ekhiqiza ukukhishwa kwe-NOₓ okuyingozi, nokushisisa okungalingani okuholela ekuncibilikeni kwe-homogeneity okungahambisani.
• I-All-Electric Crucible Furnace: Ishisisa ngaphakathi ngepuleti noma ama-electrode wenduku.
  Izinzuzo: Ukusebenza kahle kokushisa okuphezulu, ukushisa kwangaphakathi okufanayo.
  Ububi: Ukuphila okufushane ngenxa yokugqoka kwama-electrode, okudinga ukushintshwa okugcwele ngemva kokuwohloka.

(2) Isithando somlilo sethangi
Njengoba isidingo se-fiber quantity nekhwalithi sikhula, izithando zomlilo zamathangi (isithando somlilo esisodwa esinamahlahla amaningi) sezibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni okukhulu. Ivumela ukulawula okuqinile kwezinga lokushisa, ukuncibilika okuthuthukisiwe kwe-melt, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ezinzile, nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ngamakhono onyaka afinyelela ezinkulungwaneni kuya emashumini ezinkulungwane zamathani.
Izinhlobo zama-Tank Furnaces:

• I-All-Electric Tank Furnace: Isebenzisa ama-electrode enduku (evundlile noma efakwe phansi).
  Izinzuzo: Ukusebenza kahle kokushisa okuphezulu nokushisa okufanayo.
  Ububi: Izindawo ze-Electrode, ukuguga okungalingani, nempilo emfushane (~1 unyaka).
• I-All-Flame Tank Furnace: Ishiswa ngegesi yemvelo enomoya noma umoya-mpilo omsulwa. Ukushiswa kwe-oxygen okuhlanzekile kukhethwa ekusebenzeni kahle kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni.
  Izinzuzo: Ukuphila isikhathi eside (iminyaka engu-3+), ukonga amandla ngomoya ohlanzekile.
  Ububi: Izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo ekuncibilikeni okujulile, nakuba ukuncibilika okungajulile kuthuthukisa ukufana.
• I-Hybrid Flame-Electric Tank Furnace: Ihlanganisa ukushisa kwelangabi eliphezulu kanye nama-electrode angezansi/eceleni.
  Izinzuzo: I-melt homogenization ethuthukisiwe.
  Ububi: Idizayini eyinkimbinkimbi, ukushisisa kwendawo engalingani, ukulahlekelwa amandla aphezulu kuma-electrode apholile ngamanzi, nokuphila okufushane ngenxa yokugqoka kwama-electrode.

(3) Ukubhuqa
I-bushing, ngokuvamile eyenziwe nge-platinum-rhodium alloy, iyingxenye eyinhloko yokwakha i-fiber. Ukukhiqiza okukhulu kudinga izihlahla eziphezulu zomthamo. Izihlahla zokuqala zazinezimbobo ezingama-200; izindinganiso zamanje zihlanganisa 400, 800, futhi 1,200 izimbobo. Ubuchwepheshe beBushing buthuthuka buhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwesithando somlilo wamathangi.

2. Precision Control Technology 
I-Basalt melt ikhombisa izinselelo ezinjengamazinga okushisa aphezulu okudweba/amakristalu, ukucwebezela okusheshayo, amafasitela okushisa anciphile, ukuqina kwefayibha engalingani, ukumanzisa kwesihlahla okuqinile, nokungafihli kahle kokushisa. Lezi zici zibangela ukungazinzi ngesikhathi sokudwetshwa kwefayibha (isb, ukuphuka, ukundiza, ukuhlukahluka kobubanzi). Ukuzinzisa kuncike ezicini ezintathu:

• I-Melt Homogeneity and Stability: Kuzuzwe ngokuxuba okunembile kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kwesithando somlilo, ukulawulwa kwezinga lokuncibilika, nokulawulwa kwengcindezi.
• Ukulawula Ukushisa Nokushisa: Iqinisekisa ukushisa okufanayo kwesihlahla futhi igwema ukucwebezela.
• Ukuthuthukisa Inqubo Yokudweba: Kufaka phakathi ukulawula okunembile kwesivinini somdwebo, imingcele yokupholisa, kanye nokuqina kwefayibha.

Ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bubandakanya izinhlelo zokulawula ezithuthukisiwe zokuxuba izinto ezibonakalayo, izinga lokushisa lomlilo, izinga lokuncibilika, ukucindezela kwegumbi, izinga lokushisa lesiteshi, izinga lokushisa lehlathi, nesivinini sokudweba. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-basalt fiber okuzinzile, okusezingeni eliphezulu okuqhubekayo.