He kupu whakataki ki ngā whatunga whenua muka basalt

1. Te whakamāramatanga o te muka pātarati whatunga whenua
Papa whenua o te papa parata Kua tīpakohia te miro muka basalt, mā te whakamahi i te mīhini whatu miro matatau o tāwāhi e whatu ana ki roto i te papa, mā te whakamahi i te hanganga aronga whatu miro, ka whakamahia katoatia te kaha o te papanga ki te whakapai ake i ōna āhuatanga miihini, kia pai ai te kaha kume, te kaha haehae me te ātete ngoki, ā, i muri i te paninga uku kua whakarerekētia kounga teitei ki te whatunga rauemi papatahi. E whai ana i te kaupapa hototahi ōrite, e arotahi ana ki tana mahi whakakotahi me te ranunga uku, me te tiaki katoa i te papa muka, e whakapai ake ana i te ātete ki te pakū me te ātete kutikuti o te papa, kia taea ai te whakamahi hei whakarei ake i te papa, te ātete ki te pakaru o te ara me ētahi atu tūponotanga o te rori, me te whakamutu i te ara uku he uaua ki te whakarei ake i te raruraru.

2. Ngā āhuatanga o te mata whenua muka taketake

• Kei te hua ngā painga o Te Kaha Teitei, he iti te roa, he ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, he teitei te modulus, he mama, he pakari pai, he ātete ki te waikura, he roa te ora mahi, he ngāwari ki te whakauru, me ētahi atu, ka taea te whakamahi whānuitia i roto i te papa sima tawhito, te tiaki i te ara rererangi, te pareparenga, te pareparenga awa, te tiaki pari, te whakapai ake i te papa rori me te piriti me ētahi atu mara hangarau, ka taea te hoatu ki te papa hei whakarei ake i te whakakaha, te whakakaha, hei ārai i te pakaru o te ngenge i roto i te papa, te whakawhānui me te whakaheke i te wera me te makariri o ngā pakaru me ngā pakaru whakaata e whai ake nei, ā, ka taea e ia te marara i te ahotea e mau ana i te papa me te whakaroa i te ora mahi o te papa.
• He kaha kume teitei, he iti te roa: ko te muka basalt geogrid he rauemi mata mai i te muka basalt, ā, he tino teitei te kaha kume o te muka basalt, he nui ake i ētahi atu muka me te konganuku noa. I te wa ano, he teitei te modulus, he nui te ātete ki te whakarerekētanga, he iti iho i te 3% te roa o te pakaru.
• Kāore e ngokingoki roa: hei rauemi whakapakari, he mea tino nui te ātete ki te hurihanga ina he kawenga roa te taumaha, ā, kāore te muka o te papare e ngokingoki, kia mau tonu ai te mahi a te hua mō te wā roa.
• He tino pai te pumau ā-tinana me te matū: he kaha te ātete o te muka basalt ki te waikura waikawa me te kawakore, ka taea e te geogrid basalt te ātete i ngā momo kakahu ā-tinana me te horo matū, engari ka taea hoki te ātete ki te horo koiora me te huringa āhuarangi, kia kore ai e ngaro tana mahi.
• He pai te pumau o te wera: ko te pūwāhi rewa o te muka basalt he 1500 ° C neke atu rānei, ko te pāmahana i waenga i te -260 ° ~ 650 ° te whakamahinga roa, kia pai ai te whatunga whenua o te pātarati i roto i te mahi whakatakoto papa kia tu atu ai i te pāmahana tiketike.
• Ko te huinga o te raka me te here kua whakauruhia: nā te mea whatunga whenua o te pātarati He hanganga mata, ka taea te wero i te raima uku i roto i te konganuku, kia mau ai te raka miihini. Ka ārai tēnei here i te nekehanga o ngā konganuku, kia pai ake ai te whakakī o te ranunga uku i roto i te take o te kawenga, kia nui ake ai te kaha ki te kawe kawenga, kia pai ake ai te mahi whakawhiti kawenga me te iti ake o te whakarerekētanga.
• Me te hototahitanga o te ranunga uku: ko ngā rauemi pania o te paparanga whenua basalt i muri i te tukanga maimoatanga he mea hanga mō te ranunga uku, he nui te hototahitanga o ia muka kua pania katoatia ki te uku, kia kore ai e wehea te paparanga whenua muka basalt i roto i te paparanga uku mai i te ranunga uku, engari kia piri tahi.
• Te ārai i te pakaru o te ngenge: ko te papa whenua basalt kei roto i te paparanga mata uku, ka taea te pēhanga wira ki runga i te mata o te rori, ka puta te marara o te ahotea kume me te kume, ka hangaia he rohe ārai i waenga i ngā wāhi ahotea e rua, ka huri haere te ahotea kaua ki te huringa ohorere, ka whakaiti i te huringa ohorere o te ahotea ki runga i te paparanga mata uku. I te wa ano, ko te roa o te papa whenua basalt ka whakaiti i te piko o te papa, ka whakarite kia kore te papa e puta he huringa nui.
• Te rutting ātete-mahana teitei: te whakamahinga o te geogrid basalt i roto i te paparanga uku, e whai wāhi ana ki te paparanga uku. Ko te kohuke i roto i te raima uku mā roto i te whatunga, ka hanga he pūnaha raka miihini hiato, ka whakawhāiti i te nekehanga o ngā kohuke, ka whakanui ake i te kaha here whakawhiti i roto i te paparanga mata uku, ka honoa te paparanga mata uku ki ia wāhanga, ka ārai i te pana o te paparanga mata uku ki te mahi ātete ki te rutting.
• Te ārai i te pakaru o te pāmahana iti: i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana iti, ka heke te raima uku i te makariri, ka hua ake te ahotea kume, ina nui ake te ahotea kume i te kaha kume o te raima uku, ka hua ake he pakaru. I te whakamahinga o te paparanga mata uku, ka whakapai ake te kaha kume whakawhiti o te paparanga mata, kia tino pai ake ai te kaha kume o te raima uku, ka taea te ātete i te ahotea kume nui ake me te kore e kino. Hei tāpiri, ahakoa nā te rohe o ngā pakaru, ka puta te kukū ahotea i roto i ngā pakaru, mā te whakawhiti me te ngaro o te paparanga mata uku, e kore ngā pakaru e whanake hei pakaru.
• Te whakaiti i te roa o ngā kapiti whakaata: i roto i te uku me te paparanga papatahi geogrid basalt, te aukati i te ahotea kutikuti, te ahotea kume rānei i puta mai i ngā kawenga waka, te tuku i te taumahatanga, hei rauemi whakapakari kume raima uku, hei whakatutuki i te kaupapa o te whakaroa i te whakaiti i ngā kapiti.

3. Te tono o te geogrid me te muka taketake
Matawhenua-whenua I roto i te whakamahinga o ngā whakaaro matua o te kaha, te ātete haehae, me te whakakotahitanga o te oneone, te roa me tōna ōhanga. I tēnei wā, kua whakamahia te geogrid i roto i te mara o te rori huarahi, te rori rerewē, te pareparenga oneone, te whakarei ake i te pari taha, te tautoko me te pupuri hanganga, te whakatika paparanga pakaru toka, te whakapai ake i te papa me te aukati me te whakahaere i te kapiti whakaata. Ina koa te whakamahinga o te geogrid i roto i te whakarei ake i te papa me te aukati i ngā kapiti whakaata. Ko te kapiti whakaata ko te taumata pakiaka o te rori nā te huringa pāmahana, te kawenga nui rawa rānei, ka puta he kapiti, ā, mā te horapa o te ahotea i waenga i te papa ki te mata o te rori, ka puta he nekehanga poutū, whakapae rānei i waenga i ngā papa ka pakaru te mata o te rori. Mā te whakamahinga o te geogrid mahi-teitei ka taea te whakapai ake i te kaha kutikuti i waenga i te papa me te mahi ngenge piko o te rori, ka marara te kukū ahotea, ka ārai pai i te putanga mai o ngā kapiti papa, ka whakaiti nui i ngā utu tiaki rori. Ko te kapiti whakaata he āhuatanga e kitea whānuitia ana i roto i te papa uku. Mō ngā kapiti whakaata i te mata o te rori, mā te whakatakoto i tētahi paparanga geotextile i waenganui i te paparanga mata uku me te papa raro ka taea te whakakore, te whakaroa rānei i te putanga mai o ngā kapiti whakaata i te paparanga mata, ā, ka roa ake te ora o te rori. Engari ki te pāmahana ringihia o te papa uku ki te 160 ℃, ka puta he piko o te geotextile, he polymer geogrid rānei, ka rerekē te āhua, ka ngawari, ā, ka tino heke te mahi. He pai ake te whakamahi i te geogrid muka basalt hei whakamahi i te papa uku, nā te mea he pai te ātete wera o te geogrid muka basalt, he kaha teitei, he iti te modulus, he iti te roa, he iti te tauwehenga o te whakawhānui wera me ētahi atu āhuatanga.