Impembelelo ye-basalt engazinzanga ukubunjwa kwezinto eziluhlaza kwimveliso yangempela kunye namanyathelo okuphucula

2025-06-20

Ngokufana ne-carbon fiber kunye IFayibha yeglasi, ukuveliswa kwefayibha ye-basalt eqhubekayo kufuna ukulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza. Kukho ukungafani okuphawulekayo kumgangatho kunye nemiphumo yesicelo seemveliso ze-basalt fiber ezivela kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Nangaphakathi kwendawo enye, iinguqu zikhona kwi-basalt ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomgodi omnye.

Enyanisweni, iingxaki ezintathu eziphambili ziye zachongwa:

(1) Ezinye izinto ezikrwada ze-basalt zinoluhlu olumxinwa lomzobo lobushushu, olusondele kakhulu kubushushu becrystallization. Ezo zinto zikrwada zikholisa ukukhazimla kwangoko xa umzobo, zitshabalalisa ukuqhubeka kwefayibha kunye nokunciphisa amandla okuqina.

(2) Ezinye izinto eziluhlaza ze-basalt ore ziqulethe inani eliphezulu le-crystalline resistant crystalline particles, njenge-olivine kunye ne-corundum, okwenza kube nzima ukufumana i-homogeneous melt.

(3) I Ikhemikhali ukubunjwa kweebhetshi ezahlukeneyo ze-basalt ore izinto eziluhlaza ziyahlukahluka, ezichaphazela ukuzinza kokusebenza kwe-basalt fibers eqhubekayo eveliswayo.

Ukujongana nokungazinzi kokubunjwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, ngokusekelwe kumanqaku akhankanywe ngasentla, la manyathelo alandelayo anokuthathwa ukuze kuphuculwe:

Khetha umgangatho ophezulu we-basalt ore imathiriyeli. I-basalt ore kufuneka ibe ne-homogeneous, ibe neqondo eliphantsi le-crystallization, i-phenocrysts enkulu, i-fissures embalwa, i-weathering ephantsi, kwaye akukho kungcola kwangaphandle njenge-quartz kunye ne-chert. Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ze-basalt ore kufuneka kube phakathi koluhlu olufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, kufuneka ibe ne-acidity coefficient efanelekileyo ( $M_{a}$ ) kuluhlu lwe $3.5 \sim 5.8$ kunye ne-viscosity ( $l g okanye$ ) ye $0.5 \sim 1.4 Kulungile \cdot s$ . I-viscosity ( $okanye$ ) ye-silicate melts ngumsebenzi weqondo lokushisa, uxinzelelo, kunye nokwakheka, kwaye unokumelwa yi-equation ye-Arrhenius: $l g okanye = l g okanye_{0} + KUNYE_{okanye} / RT$ , apho $okanye_{0}$ yinto engatshintshiyo (pre-exponential factor) kunye $KUNYE_{okanye}$ ngamandla ovula wokuqukuqela kwe-viscous yokunyibilika. I-Basalt ore kufuneka igcine uluhlu olubanzi lobushushu ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzoba, eyenza ukunyibilika kunye nokuzoba lula, kwaye kufuneka iqulathe ngokuqinisekileyo akukho amasuntswana ekristale anokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu njenge-olivine kunye ne-corundum.
Yomeleza i-homogenization yezinto eziluhlaza. Imathiriyeli ekrwada efanelekileyo iyacunyuzwa, ihlolwe, kwaye ifakwe kwi-homogenized kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo phambi kokuba ithunyelwe kwi-silo yangaphambili. Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wezinto ezikrwada ezikrwada, ubukhulu besuntswana kufuneka bugcinwe buhambelana kakhulu. Amasuntswana amakhulu kakhulu angakhokelela kubunzima bokunyibilika, ngelixa amasuntswana amancinci kakhulu anokunciphisa umgangatho wokunyibilika.
Hlanganisa i-basalt ore ekumgangatho ophezulu wezinto eziluhlaza. Ngenxa yokubunjwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-basalt ore yendalo, kunye neemaminerali ezahlukahlukeneyo ezihambelanayo kunye nokuhlalisana, kunye neeminerali ezahlukeneyo ezineendawo ezahlukeneyo zokunyibilika, nokuba i-raw material i-homogeneous ngokupheleleyo enye yezinto ezithatha isigqibo esichaphazela umphumo wokudweba. Ukunyibilikisa ngcono imathiriyeli kunye nokuphucula uzinzo lweziphumo zefiber, amanye amashishini emveliso amkele indlela "yokudibanisa eyenziweyo", eboleka kwimveliso yefiber yeglasi. Oku kubandakanya ukulungiselela izinto eziluhlaza ngokwemigangatho, ukukhetha umgangatho ophezulu we-basalt yendalo ecocekileyo, kwaye uyilungelelanise ngokwemilinganiselo esemgangathweni usebenzisa "ubonelelo lwento engekhoyo" kunye nendlela "ecocekileyo ukuya ecocekileyo"-umzekelo, ukongeza i-calcium ukuba ilahlekile. Ukongezelela, kwiimveliso ezineemfuno ezizodwa zokusebenza, ukuguqulwa kwe-doping okukhethiweyo kunokwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba zonke izikhombisi zokusebenza zihlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo, ezifana ne-alkali-resistant fibers, i-high-temperature resistant fibers, kunye ne-high-high-high-modulus fibers. Oku kufuna ukukhetha okuhambelanayo okuhambelanayo kwezinto zamaminerali okanye ezinye i-basalt ores ezifanelekileyo "ukuguqulwa kwe-doping" yezinto ezicocekileyo ze-basalt ekrwada.