He nui te kaha e pau ana i te oumu mura muka basalt, me pēhea te penapena pūngao
muka pātarati Ko ngā āhuatanga o te rewa o te oumu mura ka hua ake he iti te hua me te nui o te whakapaunga pūngao, me mahi i ngā mahi penapena pūngao e tika ana.
1. Te whakamahinga o te tahunga hāora parakore hei whakanui ake i te pāmahana o te wāhi mura, me te whakanui ake i te wera irahiko ki te rewa.
Ka taea e te mura te tuku i ngā mea e hangai ana ki te H2O, te CO2, me te tini o ngā matūriki totoka e iri ana.
(1) Ka mimiti te rewa i te pūngao hihi. Mā te whakanui ake i te waro hei whakapai ake i te uara mangu o te mura, ka taea te whakanui ake i te wāhi mura ki te wera hihi wai karāhe.
(2) Te hoahoa hiri katoa o te oumu hei whakaiti i te hau makariri i waho o te oumu ki roto i te oumu, hei ārai i te hanganga o te kiriata "hau makariri" e tata ana ki te mata wai. Hei tāpiri, ka taea hoki e ia te whakaiti i te tukunga o ngā waikura hauota.
(3) Mā te whakaiti i te teitei i waenganui i te mura me te mata wai, ka wera te mura tata ki te mata wai. Ka whakapai ake tēnei i te pai o te whakamahana, ā, ka tere te wera o te rewa. Mā te whakamahi rānei i te tahu o runga, ka tukua te mura kia tika ki te mata wai kia whakamahana, kia nui ake ai te pai o te whakamahana o te mura ki runga i te rewa.
2. Whakanuia te pāmahana rewa i roto i te puna oumu.
Mā te whakamahi i tētahi mata wai pāpaku ka taea te whakapai ake i te ōritetanga o te pāmahana rewa ki te ahunga o te hohonutanga o te puna kaukau. Ko ngā mahi i mahia ko:
(1) te raro o te mirumiru kaukau, ka whakanui ake i te kawe hiko, ā, ka rewa te raro o te matao ki te whakamahana o te mata.
(2) Te whakamahi tika i te whakamahana hiko hei whakapai ake i te kaha wera o roto o te rewa. Whakaitihia te ngaronga wera whanaunga, me te whakapai ake i te tere rewa.
3. Whakakahangia te whakakotahitanga hei whakapai ake i te tere rewa me te whakaiti i te whakamahinga o te waeine.
Ko te whakaōrite te tukanga matua e pā ana ki te pumau o te kukume muka. Ahakoa te Pātarati Ka taea te mārama ko te rewa tonu he "clinker", engari nā te hanganga o ngā āhuatanga uaua, ka hua ake he hanganga tioata ā-roto rerekē, i te rewatanga, me whai i te homogenization tuarua kia pumau ai te hanganga rewa, kia mau ai te pumau o te tukanga tuhi.
I taua wā anō, ko te uruhanga wera o ngā rewa o te pātarati me te oumu ki te wera huri noa i te oumu i puta mai i te pāmahana kore taurite. Kāore e taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga mā te whakawhirinaki noa ki te horapa taiao ki te whakakotahitanga. Me mahi ngā mahi o te whakakotahitanga ā-kaha. I tēnei wā, ko ngā mahi whai hua ko te pupuhi i te raro o te puna kaukau, te whakaranu i ngā awa rauemi, te tukunga i te raro o te puna kaukau, te whakamahana hiko ā-roto, me ētahi atu.
4. Whakaitihia te ngaronga wera
(1) Tuatahi, me whakaiti te wera o te mata o te oumu, te wera irahiko o te kōhao, te kōhao me ngā hononga pereki hei tango i te wera o te hau e puta ana. Ko ngā mahi i mahia ko.
① Te tiaki i te wera o te tinana oumu. Mā te whakamahana o te tinana oumu ka roa te ora o te oumu, ā, ka pai ake te pānga whakamahana. Ina koa i ngā wāhanga mura, he rauemi ātete-horo kounga teitei te kounga o te wāhi oumu, kia taea ai te whakamahana i te pakitara o waho, kia taea ai te whakahaere i te pāmahana o te mata o waho ki raro i te 50 ℃, kia nui ai te whakaiti i te marara o te wera o te mata o te oumu.
② Te hiri i ngā kōhao me ngā hononga pereki. Kia tūpato ki te waha utu, ngā kōhao ine pāmahana, ngā kōhao tirotiro, me ētahi atu wāhi kua hiritia. He momo kua kati katoa te mīhini utu, he hanganga anga konukawata te hononga wera ātea, ā, he pouaka whakaata ahumahi e whakamahia ana hei tirotiro i te mura me te Matū rauemi
(2) Whakaitihia te wera o te whakamahana anō. Ko te nuinga hei whakaiti i te rerenga mai o te wai karāhe e pau ana te wera. Ngā mahi i mahia hei whakatū i te oumu, hei totohu i te kōhao wai, hei whakaiti tika i te teitei o te kōhao wai, hei whakaiti tika i te pāmahana wai o te karāhe wai, me ētahi atu.
5. Te whakamahinga o te wera e wātea ana
(1) Me tahu katoa te wahie kia tukuna te wera katoa.
(2) te whakamahinga o te wera para o te hau para. Ko te wera e haria ana e te hau para i tukuna mai i te hau para i roto i ngā āhuatanga e whakaaetia ana me whakapau ki te tauira kohinga. Ka whakaratohia te whakaora wera para i roto i te pūnaha hau para, ka taea te whakamahi mō te whakamahana i mua i te hau, te whakamahana i mua i ngā rauemi mata, me ētahi atu.
